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Co-infection with a wheat rhabdovirus causes a reduction in Mal de Río Cuarto virus titer in its planthopper vector

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 September 2017

A.D. Dumón ,
E.B. Argüello Caro ,
M.F. Mattio ,
V. Alemandri ,
M. del Vas  and
G. Truol
A.D. Dumón*
Affiliation:
Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE), CIAP-INTA, Camino 60 Cuadras km 5 ½ X5020ICA, Córdoba, Argentina
E.B. Argüello Caro
Affiliation:
Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE), CIAP-INTA, Camino 60 Cuadras km 5 ½ X5020ICA, Córdoba, Argentina
M.F. Mattio
Affiliation:
Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE), CIAP-INTA, Camino 60 Cuadras km 5 ½ X5020ICA, Córdoba, Argentina
V. Alemandri
Affiliation:
Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE), CIAP-INTA, Camino 60 Cuadras km 5 ½ X5020ICA, Córdoba, Argentina
M. del Vas
Affiliation:
Instituto de Biotecnología (IB), CICVyA-INTA, de los Reseros y Nicolás Repetto s/n (1686), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290 (1425 FBQ) CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
G. Truol
Affiliation:
Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE), CIAP-INTA, Camino 60 Cuadras km 5 ½ X5020ICA, Córdoba, Argentina
*
*Author for correspondence E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Mal de Río Cuarto virus (MRCV, Fijivirus, Reoviridae) causes one of the most important diseases in maize (Zea mays L.) in Argentina and has been detected in mixed infections with a rhabdovirus closely related to Maize yellow striate virus. In nature both viruses are able to infect maize and several grasses including wheat, and are transmitted in a persistent propagative manner by Delphacodes kuscheli Fennah (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). This work describes the interactions between MRCV and rhabdovirus within their natural vector and the consequences of such co-infection regarding virus transmission and symptom expression. First- and third-instar D. kuscheli nymphs were fed on MRCV-infected wheat plants or MRCV-rhabdovirus-infected oat plants, and two latency periods were considered. Transmission efficiency and viral load of MRCV-transmitting and non-transmitting planthoppers were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis (RTqPCR). Vector transmission efficiency was related to treatments (life stages at acquisition and latency periods). Nevertheless, no correlation between transmission efficiency and type of inoculum used to infect insects with MRCV was found. Treatment by third-instar nymphs 17 days after Acquisition Access Period was the most efficient for MRCV transmission, regardless of the type of inoculum. Plants co-infected with MRCV and rhabdovirus showed the typical MRCV symptoms earlier than plants singly infected with MRCV. The transmitting planthoppers showed significantly higher MRCV titers than non-transmitting insects fed on single or mixed inocula, confirming that successful MRCV transmission is positively associated with viral accumulation in the insect. Furthermore, MRCV viral titers were higher in transmitting planthoppers that acquired this virus from a single inoculum than in those that acquired the virus from a mixed inoculum, indicating that the presence of the rhabdovirus somehow impaired MRCV replication and/or acquisition. This is the first study about interactions between MRCV and a rhabdovirus closely related to Maize yellow striate virus in this insect vector (D. kuscheli), and contributes to a better understanding of planthopper–virus interactions and their epidemiological implications.

Keywords

vector–virus interactionmixed infectionFijivirusCytorhabdovirusplanthopper
Type
Research Papers
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 108 , Issue 2 , April 2018 , pp. 232 - 240
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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