Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dlnhk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T21:33:23.361Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Biology of the Cotton Stem-Weevil, Pempherulus affinis, Fst., under controlled physical Conditions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

P. N. Krishna Ayyar  and
V. Margabandhu
P. N. Krishna Ayyar
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Institute, Coimbatore.
V. Margabandhu
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Institute, Coimbatore.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

1. This preliminary paper is an attempt to elucidate the intricate relationship existing between Pempherulus and its physical environments.

2. A convenient technique adapted for evaluating the effects of major climatic factors, such as humidity and temperature, in the case of Pempherulus has been described.

3. Its occurrence only in the irrigated crops is attributable to its high requirements of moisture.

4. A lengthy exposure is necessary to kill the adults in temperatures of 113° and 106°F. An exposure of 6 hours seems to kill them in 122°F. and 48 hours in 113°F. The upper thermal death-point lies roughly near 122°F.

5. The upper vital temperature limit is seen to lie near 100°F. It is indifferent to variation in humidity above 100°F.

6. Adult life is prolonged as the temperature is lowered (within a range descending from 122°F. to 91 °F.) from a longevity of 6 hours to a period of 98 days, respectively. A maximum longevity of over three months is obtained with oviposition, in a mean humidity of 73 per cent, and 91 °F. A high degree of humidity (such as 60 per cent, and 80 per cent.) is necessary in normal temperatures (such as 93°F.) for obtaining maximum adult longevity.

7. Within vital limits the optimum humidity requirements vary directly with the temperature. In 93°F. the optimum lies between 60 per cent, and 80 per cent. R.H. and in 100°F. between 80 per cent, and 100 per cent. R.H.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 32 , Issue 1 , April 1941 , pp. 61 - 82
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1941

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Ballard, E. (1922).—Mem. Dep. Agric. India, Ent. Ser., 7, p. 243.Google Scholar
2.Bodenheimer, F. S. (1927).—Z. angew. Ent., 12, p. 89.Google Scholar
3.Buxton, P. A. (1931).—Proc. R. Ent. Soc. Lond. (A) 6, p. 27.Google Scholar
4.Buxton, P. A. (1931).—Bull. Ent. Res., 22, p. 431.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5.Buxton, P. A. (1932).—Biol. Rev., 7, p. 1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6.Buxton, P. A. (1937).—J. Inst. Heat. Vent. Engrs., 5, p. 80.Google Scholar
7.Buxton, P. A. & Lewis, D. J. (1934).—Philos. Trans., (B) 224, p. 175.Google Scholar
8.Chapman, R. N. (1931).—Animal Ecology.Google Scholar
9.Dick, J. (1937).—Ann. Appl. Biol., 24, p. 779.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10.Fletcher, T. B. (1913).—Some South Indian Insects, p. 333.Google Scholar
11.Headlee, T. J. (1917).—J. Econ. Ent., 10, p. 31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12.Mehta, D. (1930).—Bull. Ent. Res., 21, p. 547.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Proc. 2nd Ent. Meet., Pusa 1917.Google Scholar
14. Proc. 3rd Ent. Meet., Pusa 1919.Google Scholar
15.Ramakrishna, T. V. (1918).—Madras Year Book.Google Scholar
16.Shelford, V. E. (1929).—Laboratory and Field Ecology. William Watkins Co., Baltimore.Google Scholar
17.Smith, H. S. (1935).—J. Econ. Ent., 28, p. 873.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18.Thomson, R. C. M. (1938).—Bull. Ent. Res., 29, p. 125.Google Scholar
19.Ullyett, G. C. (1936).—Bull. Ent. Res., 27, p. 195.Google Scholar
20.Uvarov, B. P. (1931).—Trans. R. Ent. Soc. Lond., 79, p. 137.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21.Wardle, R. A. (1929).—Problems of Applied Entomology.Google Scholar
22.Wardle, R. A. & Buckle, P. (1923).—Principles of Insect Control.Google Scholar
23.Wilson, R. E. (1921).—J. Industr. Engng. Chem., 13, p. 326.Google Scholar
24.Janisch, E. (1932).—Trans. R. Ent. Soc. Lond., 80, p. 137.CrossRefGoogle Scholar