Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T17:56:31.640Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Mortalities of the larvae of the Anopheles gambiae Giles complex and detection of predators by the precipitin test

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

M. W. Service
M. W. Service
Affiliation:
The Nature Conservancy, Monks Wood Experimental Station, Abbots Ripton, Huntingdon, England
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Larval populations of the Anopheles gambiae Giles complex (species A and B) were sampled in Kenya, and from the frequencies of the age distribution of the immature stages time-specific life-tables were constructed. Daily survival rates and instar mortalities showed that there was high mortality amongst fourth-instar larvae, due at least in part to infections of larval nematodes, Coelomomyces and epibionts. Antiserum to the A. gambiae complex was prepared in rabbits so that the precipitin test could be employed to detect the presence of A. gambiae in gut smears taken from possible predators. By this serological technique various spiders, Diptera, Coleoptera and amphibia were identified as predators. These may be very important in regulating populations of A. gambiae even in small collections of water.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 62 , Issue 3 , February 1973 , pp. 359 - 369
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1973

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Barnaby, J. T. (1944). Fluctuations in abundance of red salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka (Walbaum), of the Karluk River, Alaska.—Fishery Bull. Fish Wildl. Serv. U.S. 39, 237–295.Google Scholar
Bishop, S. C. & Hart, R. C. (1931). Notes on some natural enemies of the mosquito in Colorado.—Jl N.Y. ent. Soc. 39, 151–157.Google Scholar
Brooke, M. M. & Proske, H. O. (1946). Precipitin test for determining natural insect predators of immature mosquitoes.—J. natn. Malar. Soc. 5, 45–56.Google Scholar
Christie, M. (1958). Predation on larvae of Anopheles gambiae Giles.—J. trop. Med. Hyg. 61, 168–176.Google ScholarPubMed
Coluzzi, M. & Sabatini, A. (1967). Cytogenetic observations on species A and B of the Anopheles gambiae complex.—Parassitologia 9, 73–88.Google Scholar
Coz, J. (1966). Contribution à l'étude du parasitisme des adultes d'Anopheles funestus par Gastromermis sp. (Mermithidae).—Bull. Soc. Path. exot. 59, 881–889.Google ScholarPubMed
Deevey, E. S. Jr. (1947). Life tables for natural populations of animals.—Q. Rev. Biol. 22, 283–314.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Garnham, P. C. C. (1948). The incidence of malaria at high altitudes.—J. natn. Malar. Soc. 7, 275–284.Google ScholarPubMed
Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B. (1968). The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian zoogeographical region).—2nd edn.—Publs. S. Afr. Inst. med. Res. 54, 343 pp.Google Scholar
Haddow, A. J. (1942). The mosquito fauna and climate of native huts at Kisumu, Kenya.—Bull. ent. Res. 33, 91–142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, R. R., Downe, A. E. R., MacLellan, C. R. & West, A. S. (1953). Evaluation of insect predator-prey relationships by precipitin test studies.—Mosquito News 13, 199–204.Google Scholar
Jackson, N. (1953). Observations on the feeding habits of a predaceous mosquito larva, Culex (Lutzia) tigripes Grandpré and Charmoy (Diptera).—Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. A, 28, 153–159.Google Scholar
Jenkins, D. W. (1964). Pathogens, parasites and predators of medically important arthropods. Annoted list and bibliography.—Bull. Wld Hlth Org. 30, suppl., 5–150.Google Scholar
Muspratt, J. (1945). Observation on the larvae of tree-hole breeding Culicini (Diptera: Culicidae) and two of their parasites.—J. ent. Soc. sth. Afr. 8, 13–20.Google Scholar
Muspratt, J. (1946). On Coelomomyces fungi causing high mortality of Anopheles gambiae larvae in Rhodesia.—Ann. trop. Med. Parasit. 40, 10–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ricker, W. E. (1944). Further notes on fishing mortality and effort.—Copeia, 23–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ricker, W. E. (1948). Methods of estimating vital statistics of fish populations.—Indiana Univ. Publs Sci. Ser. no. 15, 1–101.Google Scholar
Service, M. W. (1970 a). Ecological notes on species A and B of the Anopheles gambiae complex in the Kisumu area of Kenya.—Bull. ent. Res. 60, 105–108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Service, M. W. (1970 b). Identification of the Anopheles gambiae complex in Nigeria by larval and adult chromosomes.—Ann. trop. Med. Parasit. 64, 131–136.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Service, M. W. (1971). Studies on sampling larval populations of the Anopheles gambiae complex.—Bull. Wld Hlth Org. 45, 169–180.Google ScholarPubMed
Trpiš, M., Haufe, W. O. & Shemanchuk, J. A. (1968). Mermithid parasites of the mosquito Aedes vexans Meigen in British Columbia.—Can. J. Zool. 46, 1077–1079.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Varley, G. C. & Gradwell, G. R. (1960). Key factors in population studies.—J. Anim. Ecol. 29, 399–401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, G. B. (1972). The Anopheles gambiae complex and malaria transmission around Kisumu, Kenya.—Trans. R. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 66, 572–581.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
White, G. B., Magayuka, S. A. & Boreham, P. F. L. (1972). Comparative studies on sibling species of the Anopheles gambiae Giles complex (Dipt., Culicidae): bionomics and vectorial activity of species A and species B at Segera, Tanzania.—Bull. ent. Res. 62, 295–317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wohlschlag, D. E. (1954). Mortality rates of whitefish in an arctic lake.—Ecoiogy 35, 388–396.Google Scholar