Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T17:59:17.498Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The influence of plant age on tolerance of rice to injury by the rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

M.J. Stout ,
W.C. Rice  and
D.R. Ring
M.J. Stout*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, 402 Life Sciences Building, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
W.C. Rice
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Louisiana State University Rice Research Station, Box 1429, Crowley, LA 70527, USA
D.R. Ring
Affiliation:
Louisiana Cooperative Extension Service, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, PO Box 25100, Baton Rouge, LA 70894-5100, USA
*
*Fax: (225) 578 1643 E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

For most plant species, tolerance to many types of herbivory increases as plants age, but the applicability of this pattern to root herbivory has not been tested. Injury to roots of rice plants by larvae of the rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel, causes severe reductions in yields in the United States. It is generally thought that young rice plants, because their root systems are smaller, are less tolerant than older plants of root feeding by L. oryzophilus. Field experiments were conducted to test this hypothesis. Plots of rice (4.7 to 6.5 m2) were established and subjected to natural infestations of L. oryzophilus larvae. A soil insecticide was applied to plots at different times during the tillering phase of rice in order to manipulate the timing of weevil infestation. The impact of these treatments (timings of insecticide applications) was assessed by comparing relationships between yield loss and larval pressure for each treatment using analysis of covariance. Yield losses ranged from 13% to over 40% in plots not treated with insecticide. Patterns of yield losses from plots treated with insecticide at different times were best explained by the hypothesis that yield loss is determined both by the age of plants infested and by the size of larvae infesting plants. Young plants appear to be less tolerant than older plants, and feeding by large larvae appears to be more deleterious than feeding by smaller larvae. Management practices that delay infestation of rice by L. oryzophilus until plants are older may be an important component of management programmes for this pest.

Type
Research Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 92 , Issue 2 , April 2002 , pp. 177 - 184
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2002

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bardner, R. & Fletcher, K.E. (1974) Insect infestations and their effects on the growth and yield of field crops: a review. Bulletin of Entomological Research 64, 141–160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Counce, P.A., Keisling, T.C. & Mitchell, A.J. (2000) A uniform, objective, and adaptive system for expressing rice development. Crop Science 40, 436–443.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Culy, M.D. (2001) Yield loss of field corn from insects. pp.43–72 in Peterson, R.K.D. & Higley, L.G. (Eds) Biotic stress and yield loss. Boca Raton, CRC Press.Google Scholar
Diawara, M.M., Trumble, J.T., Quiros, C.F., White, K.K. & Adams, C. (1994) Plant age and seasonal variations in genotypic resistance of celery to beet armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 87, 514–522.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grigarick, A.A. (1984) General problems with rice invertebrate pests and their control in the United States. Protection Ecology 7, 105–114.Google Scholar
Haile, F.J., Peterson, R.K.D. & Higley, L.G. (1999) Gas-exchange responses of alfalfa and soybean treated with insecticides. Journal of Economic Entomology 92, 954–959.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heinrichs, E.A. & Quisenberry, S.S. (1999) Germplasm evaluation and utilization for insect resistance in rice. pp.3–23 in Clement, S.L. & Quisenberry, S.S. (Eds) Global plant genetic resources for insect-resistant crops. Boca Raton, CRC Press.Google Scholar
Koch, M.F. & Mew, T.W. (1991) Effect of plant age and leaf maturity on the quantitative resistance of rice cultivars to Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae. Plant Disease 75, 901–904.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Linscombe, S.D., Jodari, F., Bollich, P.K., Groth, D.E., White, L.M., Chu, Q.R., Dunand, R.T. & Sanders, D.E. (2000) Registration of ‘Cocodrie’ rice. Crop Science 40, 294.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Littell, R.C., Milliken, G.A., Stroup, W.W. & Wolfinger, R.D. (1996) SAS system for mixed models. Cary, NC, SAS Institute.Google Scholar
Peterson, R.K.D. & Higley, L.G. (2001) Illuminating the black box: the relationship between injury and yield. pp.1–12 in Peterson, R.K.D. & Higley, L.G. (Eds) Biotic stress and yield loss. Boca Raton, CRC Press.Google Scholar
Rapusas, H.R. & Heinrichs, E.A. (1987) Plant age effect on the level of resistance of rice ‘IR36’ to the green leafhopper, Nephotettix virescens (Distant) and rice tungro virus. Environmental Entomology 16, 106–110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reese, J.C., Schwenke, J.R., Lamont, P.S. & Zehr, D.D. (1994) Importance and quantification of plant tolerance in crop management programs for aphids: greenbug resistance in sorghum. Journal of Agricultural Entomology 11, 255–270.Google Scholar
Rice, W.C., Croughan, T.P., Ring, D.R., Muegge, M.A. & Stout, M.J. (1999) Delayed flooding for management of the rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel. Environmental Entomology 28, 1130–1135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosenthal, J.P. & Kotanen, P.M. (1994) Terrestrial plant tolerance to herbivory. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 9, 145–148.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smith, C.M. (1989) Plant resistance to insects: a fundamental approach. New York, John Wiley and Sons.Google Scholar
Smith, C.M., Khan, Z.R. & Pathak, M.D. (1994) Techniques for evaluating insect resistance in crop plants. Boca Raton, Lewis Publishers.Google Scholar
Steel, R.G.D. & Torrie, J.H. (1980) Principles and procedures of statistics: a biometrical approach. New York, McGraw-Hill Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Stout, M.J., Rice, W.C., Riggio, M.R. & Ring, D.R. (2000) The effects of four insecticides on the population dynamics of the rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel. Journal of Entomological Science 35, 48–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strauss, S.Y. & Agrawal, A.A. (1999) The ecology and evolution of plant tolerance to herbivory. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 14, 179–185.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Trumble, J.T., Kolodny-Hirsch, D.M. & Ting, I.P. (1993) Plant compensation for arthropod herbivory. Annual Review of Entomology 38, 93–119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Way, M.O. (1990) Insect pest management in rice in the United States. pp.181–190 in Grayson, B.T., Green, M.B. & Copping, L.G. (Eds) Pest management in rice. New York, Elsevier Science Publishing Co., Inc.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wu, G.W. & Wilson, L.T. (1997) Growth and yield responses of rice to rice water weevil injury. Environmental Entomology 26, 1191–1201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar