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Biochemical mechanisms of organophosphate resistance in Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) populations from the United States and Brazil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

R. N. C. Guedes ,
S. Kambhampati ,
B. A. Dover  and
K. Y. Zhu
R. N. C. Guedes
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36571.000, Brazil:
S. Kambhampati
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, 123 Waters Hall, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
B. A. Dover
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, 123 Waters Hall, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
K. Y. Zhu*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, 123 Waters Hall, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
*
* Author for correspondence.
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Abstract

Four possible biochemical mechanisms of organophosphate resistance were examined in populations of Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) collected from eight locations in the states of Minas Gerais and São Paulo in Brazil and from seven locations in northeast Kansas, United States. Results from insecticide bioassays with synergists (triphenyl phosphate, diethylmaleate, and piperonyl butoxide) suggested that metabolic detoxification mechanisms might be involved in organophosphate resistance in some of the populations of R. dominica. However, overall low synergism, non-synergism or even antagonism presented by these synergists in all 15 resistant populations suggested that carboxylesterases, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and glutathione S-transferases were not likely to play a major role conferring organophosphate resistance in R. dominica. This hypothesis was strongly supported by our biochemical studies showing no significant difference in these enzyme activities, as well as cytochrome b5, P420, and P450 levels between the susceptible and resistant populations. In contrast, all resistant populations of R. dominica showed higher acetylcholinesterase activity than the susceptible population both in the presence and absence of malaoxon. Furthermore, acetylcholinesterase from the resistant populations was less sensitive to inhibition by malaoxon than that from the susceptible. These results suggested that quantitative and qualitative changes in acetylcholinesterase might contribute to organophosphate resistance in these populations of R. dominica.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 87 , Issue 6 , December 1997 , pp. 581 - 586
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1997

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