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The possible use of the alkenes (unsaturated hydrocarbons) of plant cuticular wax as diet composition markers in sheep

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 February 2018

H. Dove
Affiliation:
CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
M. Oliván
Affiliation:
SERIDA, Apartado 13, 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
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Summary

The objective of the current study was to investigate the possible use of alkenes (unsaturated hydrocarbons) of plant waxes as diet composition markers in sheep. Twenty-four sheep (30 kg live weight) were housed in individual pens (n=16, “pen” sheep) or in metabolism crates (n=8, “crate” sheep) for the total collection of faeces. Once daily, sheep were fed 720 g DM of a two-component diet consisting of a roughage source (chaffed perennial ryegrass) and a high-quality supplement (unpelleted sunflower meal, SFM) in different proportions, 7:1, 6:2, 5:3 and 4:4 (4 pen sheep and 2 crate sheep/treatment). SFM was labelled with a solution of beeswax to provide an alkane/ alkene profile different from the chaff. Diet composition was estimated from C27, C29, C31 and C33 alkene concentrations in diet and faeces (total faeces or rectal grab samples), using the least-squares package ‘EatWhat’. Estimates were conducted with or without correction of faecal alkane concentrations for incomplete faecal recovery, calculated from the alkene intakes and faecal outputs in the crate sheep.

Although the faecal alkene recoveries of alkenes were low, they did not differ between chain lengths for alkenes C27 to C33. Therefore in cage sheep, alkene-based estimates of SFM proportions, with or without faecal recovery correction, did not differ significantly from the proportions fed and were as accurate as earlier alkane-based estimates. In pen sheep, SFM proportions estimated from rectal grab samples were slightly but significantly over-estimated, regardless of whether or not recovery corrections were used. The over-estimates were not related to recovery corrections but to the small differences in concentrations between rectal grab samples from pen sheep and the total faeces from cage sheep. The lack of effect of recovery corrections does not mean they should be excluded from such calculations, as there may be situations in which there is an effect of carbon-chain length on alkene recovery. Use of recovery corrections also permits an estimate of whole-diet digestibility.

The present results indicate that alkenes could be useful additional markers to the alkanes for estimating the proportion of two dietary components in diets offered to sheep.

Resumen

Resumen

Se pretende analizar las posibilidades de los alquenos (hidrocarburos insaturados) de las plantas como marcadores para estimar la composición de la dieta. Se manejaron 24 ovejas (30 kg peso vivo) en establo individual (n=16) o en jaula metabólica (n=8). Se alimentó a los animales con 720 g MS/día de dietas compuestas por forraje (heno picado de raigrás inglés) y un suplemento de alta calidad nutritiva (harina de girasol), en diferentes proporciones, 7:1, 6:2, 5:3 y 4:4 (4 ovejas en establo y 2 ovejas en jaula por tratamiento). Se marcó la harina de girasol con cera de abejas para darle un perfil de alcanos/alquenos diferente del heno. Se estimó la composición de la dieta a partir de las concentraciones de los alquenos C27, C29, C31 y C33 en el alimento y en las heces (producción total o muestra rectal), utilizando el programa ‘EatWhat’. Las estimaciones se realizaron con y sin corrección de la recuperación fecal incompleta de los alquenos, calculada en las jaulas metabólicas.

Aunque las recuperaciones fecales de los alquenos fueron bajas, no hubo efecto de la longitud de cadena en los alquenos C27 al C33. Por tanto, las estimaciones de la dieta realizadas en jaula y basadas en las concentraciones de alquenos en las heces totales, con o sin corrección de su recuperación fecal, no difirieron significativamente de las proporciones reales y fueron tan precisas como los cálculos previos realizados con alcanos. En las ovejas estabuladas, la proporción de suplemento en la dieta calculada a partir de heces rectales, con o sin corrección de la recuperación fecal, fue ligera pero significativamente sobre-estimada, debido a pequeñas diferencias de concentración entre las heces rectales y las totales. La falta de efecto de las correcciones de las recuperaciones fecales no significa que puedan excluirse de los cálculos, ya que puede haber situaciones en las cuales la recuperación fecal de los alquenos varíe con la longitud de cadena. Su uso permite además estimar la digestibilidad global de la dieta.

Estos resultados indican que los alquenos pueden ser marcadores útiles adicionales a los alcanos para estimar la composición de dietas de dos componentes.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 2006

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References

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