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Policy Innovation and Institutional Stability in Sweden

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 January 2009

Francis G. Castles
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Extract

Despite the greatly enhanced interest in processes of political change that political scientists have shown in recent years, there are still areas that have received attention in only the most speculative manner. Modernization, political development and comparative history are becoming established subdisciplines, reflecting ‘the change to change’. But the political processes involved in the transformation of advanced industrial societies have as yet received only cursory empirical treatment.

Type
Articles
Information
British Journal of Political Science , Volume 6 , Issue 2 , April 1976 , pp. 203 - 216
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1976

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References

1 See Huntington, Samuel P., ‘The Change to Change’, Comparative Politics, 111 (1971). 282–322.Google Scholar

2 Toffler, Alvin, Future Shock (London: Pan Books, 1971), pp. 27–41.Google Scholar

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13 Bell is the originator of the term ‘post-industrial’ society, Brzezinski's choice is ‘technetronic’ society, and Toffler, prefers ‘super-industrial’Google Scholar society. Despite differences in emphasis, their descriptions of socio-economic change are not radically different.

14 The Times, ‘Special Report on Sweden’, 24 10 1974.Google Scholar

15 Edgren, G., Faxen, K.-O. and Odhner, C.-E., ‘Wage, Growth and the Distribution of Income’. Swedish Journal of Economics, LXXI (1969), 133–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar The fact that the authors of this article are the chief economists of the three main industrial pressure groups, representing wage labourers, salaried workers and employers, is itself a fascinating example of Swedish elite consensus to be discussed below.

16 Data cited in Wheeler, Christopher W., ‘The Decline of Deference: The Tension between Participation and Effectiveness in Organized Group Life in Sweden’ (unpublished paper, Beloit College, 11 1972), pp. 13–14.Google Scholar

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31 Myrdal, , Towards Equality, p. 62.Google Scholar

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36 This and the following paragraph are based on Castles, Francis G., ‘Swedish Social Democracy: The Conditions of Success’, Political Quarterly, XLVI (1975), 171–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

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39 This term is suggested by Stein Rokkan in his description of the Norwegian political system as one in which policy-making is as much a product of corporate pressures exerted through organized groups as of electoral pressures exerted through the ballot box. See Rokkan, Stein, ‘Norway: Numerical Democracy and Corporate Pluralism’Google Scholar, in Dahl, , ed., Political Opposition in Western Democracies, pp. 105–10.Google Scholar

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41 Hancock, , ‘Elite Images and System Change in Sweden’.Google Scholar