Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T08:29:48.089Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Profitable Participation: Technology Innovation as an Influence on the Ratification of Regulatory Treaties

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2013

Christopher Marcoux  and
Johannes Urpelainen
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

What determines state participation in regulatory regimes? This article argues that if international regulation creates markets for new technologies, innovative companies support the ratification of the relevant regulatory treaties. Consequently, technological innovativeness should have a positive effect on regulatory treaty ratification. From the harmonization of telecommunication technology to pesticide regulation, many regulatory treaties create new product markets, so the argument applies to a variety of regulatory issues. This hypothesis is tested against data on the ratification of two major multilateral treaties for pesticide control: the 1998 Rotterdam Convention and the 2001 Stockholm Convention. Countries that are capable of biotechnology innovation are found to be more likely to ratify each treaty. The findings suggest that (1) technology innovation is key to regulatory treaty ratification and (2) constituency preferences for regulatory treaties are contingent upon expected profits from innovation. More broadly, the article emphasizes the importance of technological factors for international co-operation.

Type
Articles
Information
British Journal of Political Science , Volume 44 , Issue 4 , October 2014 , pp. 903 - 936
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

DePauw University; Columbia University (email: [email protected]). This research was presented at the 2011 annual convention of the Midwest Political Science Association. We thank Michaël Aklin, Jason Brozek, Stephen Chaudoin, Kemi Fuentes-George, Sona Golder, Peter Haas and Byungwon Woo for comments on a previous draft. We also thank the anonymous reviewers and Hugh Ward for their help. Data replication sets are available at http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1017/S0007123413000094 and online appendices are available at http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1017/S0007123413000094.

References

Archibugi, Daniele Pianta, Mario. 1996. Measuring Technological Change Through Patents and Innovation Surveys. Technovation 16 (9):451–468.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Austen-Smith, David. 1993. Information and Influence: Lobbying for Agendas and Votes. American Journal of Political Science 37 (3):799–833.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrett, Scott. 2007. Why Cooperate? The Incentive to Supply Global Public Goods. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Basberg, Bjœrn L. 1987. Patents and the Measurement of Technological Change: A Survey of the Literature. Research Policy 16 (2–4):131–141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bättig, Michèle B. Bernauer, Thomas. 2009. National Institutions and Global Public Goods: Are Democracies More Cooperative in Climate Change Policy? International Organization 63 (2):281–308.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bayer, CropScience. 2009. Bayer CropScience Endosulfan Statement. Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia. Available from http://www.bayercropscience.com.au/cs/mediagallery/default.asp?articleid=299, accessed 17 July 2009.Google Scholar
Beck, Nathaniel. 2008. Time-Series-Cross-Section Methods. Pp. in Oxford Handbook of Political Methodology, edited by Janet M. Box-SteffensMeier, Henry E. Brady and David Collier, 475–493. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Beise, Marian Rennings, Klaus. 2005. Lead Markets and Regulation: A Framework for Analyzing the International Diffusion of Environmental Innovations. Ecological Economics 52 (1):5–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benedick, Richard E. 1998. Ozone Diplomacy: New Directions in Safeguarding the Planet. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bernauer, Thomas, Kalbhenn, Anna, Koubi, Vally Spilker, Gabriele. 2010. A Comparison of International and Domestic Sources of Global Governance Dynamics. British Journal of Political Science 40 (3):509–538.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bernhagen, Patrick. 2008. Business and International Environmental Agreements: Domestic Sources of Participation and Compliance by Advanced Industrialized Democracies. Global Environmental Politics 8 (1):78–110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Box-Steffensmeier, Janet M. Jones, Bradford S.. 2004. Event History Modeling: A Guide for Social Scientists. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carter, David B. Signorino, Curtis S.. 2010. Back to the Future: Modeling Time Dependence in Binary Data. Political Analysis 18 (3):271–292.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chayes, Abram Chayes, Antonia Handler. 1995. The New Sovereignty: Compliance with International Regulatory Agreements. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clapp, Jennifer. 2003. Transnational Corporate Interests and Global Environmental Governance: Negotiating Rules for Agricultural Biotechnology and Chemicals. Environmental Politics 12 (4):1–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Congleton, Roger D. 1992. Political Institutions and Pollution Control. Review of Economics and Statistics 74 (3):412–421.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dai, Xinyuan. 2006. The Conditional Nature of Democratic Compliance. Journal of Conflict Resolution 50 (5):690–713.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dasgupta, Susmita, Laplante, Benoit, Wang, Hua Wheeler, David. 2002. Confronting the Environmental Kuznets Curve. Journal of Economic Perspectives 16 (1):147–168.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Desombre, Elizabeth R. 1995. Baptists and Bootleggers for the Environment: The Origins of United States Unilateral Sanctions. Journal of Environment and Development 4 (1):53–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dobbin, Frank, Simmons, Beth Garrett, Geoffrey. 2007. The Global Diffusion of Public Policies: Social Construction, Coercion, Competition, or Learning. Annual Review of Sociology 33:449–472.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Downs, George W., Rocke, David M. Barsoom, Peter N.. 1996. Is the Good News About Compliance Good News About Cooperation? International Organization 50 (3):379–406.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drezner, Daniel W. 2007. All Politics is Global: Explaining International Regulatory Regimes. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Elkins, Zachary, Guzman, Andrew T. Simmons, Beth A.. 2006. Competing for Capital: The Diffusion of Bilateral Investment Treaties, 1960–2000. International Organization 60 (4):811–846.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
ENB. 1997. Report of the Fourth Session of the INC for an International Legally Binding Instrument for the Application of the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade: 20–24 October 1997. Earth Negotiations Bulletin 15 (3).Google Scholar
ENB. 1998a. Report of the First Session of the Criteria Expert Group for Persistent Organic Pollutants: 26–30 October 1998. Earth Negotiations Bulletin 15 (12).Google Scholar
ENB. 1998b. Report of the First Session of the INC for an International Legally Binding Instrument for Implementing International Action on Certain Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs): 29 June–3 July 1998. Earth Negotiations Bulletin 15 (10).Google Scholar
ENB. 1999. Report of the Second Session of the INC for an International Legally Binding Instrument for Implementing International Action on Certain Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs): 25–29 January 1999. Earth Negotiations Bulletin 15 (18).Google Scholar
ENB. 2008. Report of the Fourth Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade, 27–31 October 2008. Earth Negotiations Bulletin 15 (168).Google Scholar
ETC. 2008. Who Owns Nature? Available from http://www.etcgroup.org/sites/www.etcgroup.org/files/publication/707/01/etc_won_report_final_color.pdf, accessed 18 August 2012.Google Scholar
Fearon, James D. 1998. Bargaining, Enforcement, and International Cooperation. International Organization 52 (2):269–305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fredriksson, Per G., Vollebergh, Herman R.J. Dijkgraaf, Elbert. 2004. Corruption and Energy Efficiency in OECD Countries: Theory and Evidence. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 47 (2):207–231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fritsch, Stefan. 2011. Technology and Global Affairs. International Studies Perspectives 12 (1):27–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Godek, Paul E. 1985. Industry Structure and Redistribution Through Trade Restrictions. Journal of Law and Economics 28 (3):687–703.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grossman, Gene M. Helpman, Elhanan. 2001. Special Interest Politics. Cambridge: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Guzman, Andrew T. 2008. How International Law Works: A Rational Choice Theory. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haas, Peter M. 1992. Banning Chlorofluorocarbons: Epistemic Community Efforts to Protect Stratospheric Ozone. International Organization 46 (1):187–224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huber, Joseph. 2008. Pioneer Countries and the Global Diffusion of Environmental Innovations: Theses from the Viewpoint of Ecological Modernisation Theory. Global Environmental Change 18 (3):360–367.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnstone, Nick, Hascic, Ivan Popp, David. 2010. Renewable Energy Policies and Technological Innovation: Evidence Based on Patent Counts. Environmental and Resource Economics 45 (1):133–155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelemen, R. Daniel. 2001. The Limits of Judicial Power: Trade-Environment Disputes in the GATT/WTO and the EU. Comparative Political Studies 34 (6):622–650.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
King, Andrew A. Lenox, Michael J.. 2000. Industry Self-Regulation Without Sanctions: The Chemical Industry's Responsible Care Program. Academy of Management Journal 43 (4):698–716.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kono, Daniel Y. 2006. Optimal Obfuscation: Democracy and Trade Policy Transparency. American Political Science Review 100 (3):369–384.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krasner, Stephen D. 1991. Global Communications and National Power: Life on the Pareto Frontier. World Politics 43 (3):336–366.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levin, Richard C., Klevorick, Alvin K., Nelson, Richard R. Winter, Sidney G.. 1987. Appropriating Returns from Industrial Research and Development. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 3:783–820.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lipson, Charles. 2003. Reliable Partners: How Democracies Have Made a Separate Peace. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Litfin, Karen T. 1994. Ozone Discourses: Science and Politics in Global Environmental Cooperation. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Luukkanen, Jyrki. 2003. Green Paper with Green Electricity? Greening Strategies of Nordic Pulp and Paper Industry. Energy Policy 31 (7):641–655.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manger, Mark S. 2009. Investing in Protection: The Politics of Preferential Trading Agreements Between North and South. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mansfield, Edward D., Milner, Helen V. Pevehouse, Jon C.. 2008. Democracy, Veto Players, and the Depth of Regional Integration. Journal of Conflict Resolution 31 (1):67–96.Google Scholar
McLean, Elena V. Stone, Randall W.. 2012. The Kyoto Protocol: Two-Level Bargaining and European Integration. International Studies Quarterly 56 (1):99–113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mitchell, Ronald B. 1994. Regime Design Matters: Intentional Oil Pollution and Treaty Compliance. International Organization 48 (3):425–458.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moravcsik, Andrew. 2000. The Origins of Human Rights Regimes: Democratic Delegation in Postwar Europe. International Organization 54 (2):217–252.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murdie, Amanda M. 2009. Signals Without Borders: The Conditional Impact of INGOs. Doctoral Dissertation. Department of Political Science, Emory University.Google Scholar
Neumayer, Eric. 2002a. Does Trade Openness Promote Multilateral Environmental Cooperation? World Economy 25 (6):815–832.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neumayer, Eric. 2002b. Do Democracies Exhibit Stronger International Environmental Commitment? A Cross-Country Analysis. Journal of Peace Research 39 (2):139–164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neumayer, Eric. 2008. Death Penalty Abolition and the Ratification of the Second Optional Protocol. International Journal of Human Rights 12 (1):3–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
NewsOne. 2011. Ban Endosulfan: Environmentalists. Available from http://www.inewsone.com/2011/04/18/ban-endosulfan-environmentalists/44156, accessed 18 April 2011.Google Scholar
Nishitani, Kimitaka. 2010. Demand for ISO 14001 Adoption in the Global Supply Chain: An Empirical Analysis Focusing on Environmentally Conscious Markets. Resource and Energy Economics 32 (3):395–407.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oye, Kenneth A. Maxwell, James H.. 1994. Self-Interest and Environmental Management. Journal of Theoretical Politics 6 (4):593–624.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parson, Edward A. 2003. Protecting the Ozone Layer: Science and Strategy. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peltzman, Sam. 1976. Toward a More General Theory of Regulation. Journal of Law and Economics 19 (2):211–240.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Porter, Michael E. van der Linde, Claas. 1995. Green and Competitive: Ending the Stalemate. Harvard Business Review 73:120–134.Google Scholar
Prakash, Aseem Potoski, Matthew. 2006. The Voluntary Environmentalists: Green Clubs, ISO 14001, and Voluntary Environmental Regulations. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Salamon, Lester M. Siegfried, John J.. 1977. Economic Power and Political Influence: The Impact of Industry Structure on Public Policy. American Political Science Review 71 (3):1026–1043.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sandholtz, Wayne. 1992. High-Tech Europe: The Politics of International Cooperation. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Schafer, Kristin S. 2002. Ratifying Global Toxics Treaties: The United States Must Provide Leadership. SAIS Review 22 (1):167–176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Selin, Henrik. 2007. Coalition Politics and Chemicals Management in a Regulatory Ambitious Europe. Global Environmental Politics 7 (1):63–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Selin, Henrik. 2010. Global Governance of Hazardous Chemicals: Challenges of Multilevel Management. Cambridge: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Simmons, Beth A. 2009. Mobilizing for Human Rights: International Law in Domestic Politics. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simmons, Beth A. Danner, Allison. 2010. Credible Commitments and the International Criminal Court. International Organization 64 (2):225–256.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skolnikoff, Eugene B. 1993. The Elusive Transformation: Science, Technology, and the Evolution of International Politics. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Sprinz, Detlef Vaahtoranta, Tapani. 1994. The Interest-Based Explanation of International Environmental Policy. International Organization 48 (1):77–105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stavins, Robert N. 1998. What Can We Learn from the Grand Policy Experiment? Lessons from SO2 Allowance Trading. Journal of Economic Perspectives 12 (3):69–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 2000. Toxicology Profile for Endosulfan. Washington, D.C. Available from http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp41.pdf.Google Scholar
Vogel, David. 1995. Trading Up: Consumer and Environmental Regulation in a Global Economy. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Vogel, David. 2003. The Hare and the Tortoise Revisited: The New Politics of Consumer and Environmental Regulation in Europe. British Journal of Political Science 33 (4):557–580.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Von Stein, Jana. 2008. The International Law and Politics of Climate Change. Journal of Conflict Resolution 52 (2):243–268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vreeland, James. 2008. Political Institutions and Human Rights: Why Dictatorships Enter into the United Nations Convention Against Torture. International Organization 62 (1):65–101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walley, Noah Whitehead, Bradley. 1994. It's Not Easy Being Green. Harvard Business Review 72 (3):46–52.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Marcoux Supplementary Material

Sup Mat 1

Download Marcoux Supplementary Material(File)
File 16.4 KB
Supplementary material: File

Marcoux Supplementary Material

Sup Mat 2

Download Marcoux Supplementary Material(File)
File 21.5 KB
Supplementary material: File

Marcoux Supplementary Material

Sup Mat 3

Download Marcoux Supplementary Material(File)
File 22.5 KB
Supplementary material: PDF

Marcoux Supplementary Material

Sup Mat 4

Download Marcoux Supplementary Material(PDF)
PDF 10.8 KB
Supplementary material: File

Marcoux Supplementary Material

Sup Mat 5

Download Marcoux Supplementary Material(File)
File 742.4 KB