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Utilization of ileal digestible amino acids by growing pigs: threonine

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

S. A. Beech ,
E. S. Batterham  and
R. Elliott
S. A. Beech
Affiliation:
NSW Agriculture and Fisheries, Wollongbar Agricultural Institute, Wollongbar, New South Wales 2477, Australia
E. S. Batterham
Affiliation:
NSW Agriculture and Fisheries, Wollongbar Agricultural Institute, Wollongbar, New South Wales 2477, Australia
R. Elliott
Affiliation:
Department of Agriculture, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
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Abstract

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An experiment was conducted to determine the utilization of ileal digestible threonine by growing pigs. Three threonine-deficient diets (0.22 g ileal digestible threonine/MJ digestible energy (DE)) were formulated using cottonseed meal, meat-and-bone meal and soya-bean meal respectively, as the only source of threonine in the diet. An additional three diets were formulated with supplements of threonine to confirm that threonine was limiting in the first three diets. The growth performance and retention of threonine by pigs given the six diets over the 20–45 kg growth phase was then determined. Growth rates (g/d) of the pigs given the three diets formulated to 0.22 g ileal digestible threonine/MJ DE were significantly different (P < 0.001): cottonseed meal 417, meat-and-bone meal 452, soya-bean meal 524 (sed 13.6). The response of pigs to the addition of threonine confirmed that threonine was limiting in these diets. Crude protein (nitrogen x 6.25) deposited by the pigs (g/d) was significantly higher (P < 0.001) for those given soya-bean meal (75), relative to meat-and-bone meal (62) and cottonseed meal (47) (sed 3.3). The proportion of ileal digestible threonine retained by pigs given the three protein concentrates was: cottonseed meal 0.44, meat-and-bone meal 0.59, soya-bean meal 0.64 (sed 0.024). These results indicate that values for the ileal digestibility of threonine in protein concentrates are unsuitable in dietary formulations as the assay does not reflect the proportion of threonine that can be utilized by the pig. It appears that, with heat-processed meals, a considerable proportion of the threonine is absorbed in a form(s) that is (are) inefficiently utilized.

Keywords

Threonine utilizationProtein concentratesPig
Type
Utilization of Amino Acids
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 65 , Issue 3 , May 1991 , pp. 381 - 390
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1991

References

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