Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T13:44:16.207Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Tissue protein synthesis in lactating and dry goats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Vickie E. Baracos ,
Jean Brun-Bellut  and
Michel Marie
Vickie E. Baracos
Affiliation:
Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Agronomie et des Industries Alimentaires, Institut Nationale Polytechnique de Lorraine, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54500 Vandœuvre, France
Jean Brun-Bellut
Affiliation:
Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Agronomie et des Industries Alimentaires, Institut Nationale Polytechnique de Lorraine, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54500 Vandœuvre, France
Michel Marie
Affiliation:
Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Agronomie et des Industries Alimentaires, Institut Nationale Polytechnique de Lorraine, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54500 Vandœuvre, France
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Intravenous infusion of L-[3H] phenylalanine (Phe) was carried out for 8 h in dry, non-pregnant and lactating dairy goats. Nitrogen balance was positive in the dry group and negative in the lactating group. Whole-body Phe flux was 50% greater in lactating goats (P < 0.01). Fractional synthesis rates (Ks) of tissue proteins were estimated from plasma- (Ksp) and tissue- (Ksh) specific radioactivities of Phe. In lactating goats, Ksp for mammary gland, duodenum and diaphragm was increased (P < 0.05). Ksp also tended to increase in liver, kidney and rumen (P < 0.08) of lactating goats, but was not different in uterus, spleen, caecum or heart. Values of Ksh were higher than Ksp; however, these measures agreed qualitatively. When absolute rates of protein synthesis were calculated, an increased contribution of mammary and visceral organs was seen in lactating goats. Ks and absolute rates of protein synthesis of hind-limb skin were less in lactating goats (P < 0.05). A decreased proportion of skeletal muscle (P < 0.01) and decreased Ks resulted in lower absolute synthesis of hind-limb muscle protein in lactating animals (P < 0.05). Decreased rates of muscle and skin protein synthesis would appear to participate in alterations of protein metabolism, permitting lactation to occur at the expense of body reserves.

Keywords

LactationPhenylalanine fluxProtein synthesisGoat
Type
Nitrogen Metabolism
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 66 , Issue 3 , November 1991 , pp. 451 - 465
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1991

References

REFERENCES

Barnes, D. M. & Brown, D. L. (1990). Protein reserves in lactating dairy goats. Small Ruminant Research 3, 19–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrett, E. J., Revkin, J. H., Young, L. H., Zaret, B. L., Jacob, R. & Gelfand, R. A. (1987). An isotopic method for measurement of muscle protein synthesis and degradation in vivo. Biochemical Journal 245, 223–228.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brun-Bellut, J., Blanchart, G. & Vignon, B. (1984). Détermination des besoins azotes de la chèvre en lactation. (Determination of the nitrogen requirements of the lactating goat.) Annales de Zootechnie 33, 171–186.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bryant, D. T. W. & Smith, R. W. (1982). The effect of lactation on protein synthesis in ovine skeletal muscle. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 99, 319–323.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Early, R. J., McBride, B. W. & Ball, R. O. (1988). Phenylalanine metabolism in sheep infused with glucose plus insulin. I. Effects on plasma phenylalanine concentration, entry rate and utilization by the hindlimb. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 68, 711–719.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fell, B. F., Campbell, R. M., Mackie, W. S. & Weekes, T. E. C. (1972). Changes associated with lactation and pregnancy in some extra-reproductive organs of the ewe. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 79, 397–407.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garlick, P. J., McNurlan, M. A. & Preedy, V. R. (1980). A rapid and convenient technique for measuring the rate of protein synthesis in tissues by injection of 3H-phenylalanine. Biochemical Journal 192, 719–723.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Garlick, P. J., Millward, D. J. & James, W. P. T. (1973). The diurnal response of muscle and liver protein synthesis in vivo in meal fed rats. Biochemical Journal 136, 935–945.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Giger, S. (1987). Influence de la composition de l'aliment concentré sur la valeur alimentaire des rations destinées au ruminant laitier. (Influence of concentrate composition on the nutritional value of rations for dairy ruminants.) PhD Thesis, Institut Nationale Agronomique, Paris-Grignon.Google Scholar
Jones, B. N. & Gilligan, J. P. (1983). o-Phthaldialdehyde precolumn derivatization and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography of polypeptide hydrolysates and physiological fluids. Journal of Chromatography 266, 471–482.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lobley, G. E., Milne, V., Lovie, J. M., Reeds, P. J. & Pennie, K. (1980). Whole body and tissue protein synthesis in cattle. British Journal of Nutrition 43, 491–502.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Millican, P. E., Vernon, R. G. & Pain, V. M. (1987). Protein metabolism in the mouse during pregnancy and lactation. Biochemical Journal 248, 251–257.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Morand-Fehr, P., Sauvant, D. & Brun-Bellut, J. (1987). Recommandations alimentaires pour les caprins. (Dietary recommendations for goats.) Bulletin Technique Z. C. R. V. Theix, I. N. R. A. 70, 212–222.Google Scholar
National Research Council (1981). Dietary Nutrient Allowances for Goats and Sheep. Washington, D.C.: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Oddy, V. H. & Lindsay, D. B. (1986). Determination of rates of protein synthesis, gain and degradation in intact hind-limb muscle of lambs. Biochemical Journal 233, 417–425.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oddy, V. H., Lindsay, D. B. & Fleet, I. R. (1988). Protein synthesis and degradation in the mammary gland of lactating goats. Journal of Dairy Research 55, 143–154.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Riis, P. M. (1988). Nitrogen balance, amino acid flux rates and rates of whole body protein synthesis in lactating and in pregnant goats at different energy intakes. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 60, 86–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robinson, J. J., McDonald, I., McHattie, I. & Pennie, K. (1978). Studies on reproduction in prolific ewes. 4. Sequential changes in the maternal body during pregnancy. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 91, 291–304.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Russell, A. J. F., Gunn, R. G. & Doney, J. M. (1968). Components of weight loss in pregnant hill ewes during winter. Animal Production 10, 43–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schaefer, A. L., Davis, S. R. & Hughson, G. A. (1986). Estimation of tissue protein synthesis in sheep during sustained elevation of plasma leucine concentration by intravenous infusion. British Journal of Nutrition 56, 281–288.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smith, R. W., Knight, R. A. & Walsh, A. (1981). The effects of lactation on the concentrations of protein, lipids and nucleic acids in ovine skeletal muscle. Research in Veterinary Science 30, 253–254.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vincent, R. & Lindsay, D. B. (1984). Effect of pregnancy and lactation on muscle protein metabolism in the sheep. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 44, 77A.Google Scholar
Waterlow, J. C. (1984). Protein turnover with special reference to man. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Physiology 69, 409–438.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilkinson, J. M. & Stark, B. A. (1987). The nutrition of goats. In Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition, pp. 91–106 [Haresign, W. and Cole, D. J. A., editors]. London: Butterworths.CrossRefGoogle Scholar