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Synthesis and intravenous infusion into the rat of glyceryl bisacetoacetate, 1-acetoacetamido-2, 3-propane diol, and partially reduced glucosyl pentaacetoacetate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Ronald H Birkhahn ,
Robert J Clemens  and
John C Hubbs
Ronald H Birkhahn
Affiliation:
Department of Surgery, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, OH, USA
Robert J Clemens
Affiliation:
Eastman Chemical Company, Kingsport, TN, USA
John C Hubbs
Affiliation:
Eastman Chemical Company, Kingsport, TN, USA
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Abstract

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The efficacy of parenteral nutrition could be improved by finding a more effective energy source. Esters of short-chain fatty acids have exhibited some promise as alternatives to glucose. The present study reports on two new esters and one amide, each containing acetoacetate as the organic acid. The three compounds: glyceryl bisacetoacetate, N-2',3'-dihydroxypropyl-3-oxo-butanamide (1-acetoacetamido-2,3-propane diol), and partially reduced glucosyl pentaacetoacetate, were synthesized and then continuously infused into rats for 7d. The infusion rate provided 50% of the rats' estimated metabolic energy requirement, and rats were fed with a reduced-energy oral diet that provided the remaining 50% of energy plus adequate protein. Rat groups for each compound were: (1) experimental-compound-infused and ad libitum-fed, (2) isoenergetic glucose-infused and pairfed, and (3) saline infused and pair-fed. Body-weight changes, N losses and N retention were measured daily. All rats died from partially reduced glucosyl pentaacetoacetate infusion at 100% and 50% of the intended rate. Rats infused with l-acetoacetamido-2,3-propane diol failed to gain weight and to increase the plasma ketone-body concentration. Glyceryl bisacetoacetate produced hyperketonaemia, and weight gain and N variables that were similar to those for glucose-infused rats. It was concluded that only glyceryl bisacetoacetate would make a satisfactory parenteral nutrient.

Keywords

Ketone bodiesParenteral nutritionSynthetic
Type
General Nutrition
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 78 , Issue 1 , July 1997 , pp. 155 - 172
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1997

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