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Rat small intestinal morphology and tissue regulatory peptides: effects of high dietary fat

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

F. A. Sagher ,
J. A. Dodge ,
C. F. Johnston ,
C. Shaw ,
K. D. Buchanan  and
K. E. Carr
F. A. Sagher
Affiliation:
Departments of Child Health, The Queen's University of Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BJ, Northern Ireland
J. A. Dodge
Affiliation:
Departments of Child Health, The Queen's University of Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BJ, Northern Ireland
C. F. Johnston
Affiliation:
Departments of MedicineThe Queen's University of Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BJ, Northern Ireland
C. Shaw
Affiliation:
Departments of MedicineThe Queen's University of Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BJ, Northern Ireland
K. D. Buchanan
Affiliation:
Departments of MedicineThe Queen's University of Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BJ, Northern Ireland
K. E. Carr
Affiliation:
Departments of Anatomy, The Queen's University of Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BJ, Northern Ireland
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Abstract

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Sprague–Dawley rats (3 weeks old) were fed on isoenergetic diets in which 40 % of the total energy was provided as fat either in the form of butter (high saturated fat), olive oil (high monounsaturated fat) or maize oil (high polyunsaturated fat), with one group on low-fat (10% of total energy) standard diet as a control. Animals were killed after 8.4 (se 0.8) weeks by cardiac puncture. Similar pieces of jejunum and ileum were prepared for morphometric studies. Extracts of tissue from the proximal and distal segments of the whole small intestine from four animals per group were assayed using established techniques for enteroglucagon, motilin, neurotensin, somatostatin, substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). We found that maize oil and olive oil increased villus height: crypt depth ratio in both jejunum and ileum. Maize oil increased tissue concentrations of somatostatin (P < 0.05) and substance P (P < 0.005) in the proximal segment. Both maize oil and olive oil increased tissue concentrations of neurotensin and substance P (P < 0.005) in the distal segments. These observations may explain the improvement of intestinal absorption of fluid following supplementation with polyunsaturated fat

Keywords

Small intestinal morphologyGut peptidesRat
Type
Diet and Gastrointestinal Function
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 65 , Issue 1 , January 1991 , pp. 21 - 28
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1991

References

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