Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T13:21:45.331Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Prevention of coprophagy does not alter the hypocholesterolaemic effects of oat bran in the rat

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Kathryn A. Jackson  and
David L Topping
Kathryn A. Jackson
Affiliation:
CSIRO Division of Humun Nutrition, Glenthorne Laboratory, Majors Road, O'Hallorun Hill, SA 5159., Australia
David L Topping
Affiliation:
CSIRO Division of Humun Nutrition, Glenthorne Laboratory, Majors Road, O'Hallorun Hill, SA 5159., Australia
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Male rats were fed on either a non-purified rodent diet (JS) or cholesterol-free purified diets containing wheat bran (WB) or oat bran (OB). Some animals were allowed normal access to their faeces for coprophagy (coprophagy +), while in others coprophagy was prevented by placement of a plastic cup over the anus (coprophagy −). Direct ingestion of faeces from the anus was observed in the former groups. Food intake was unaffected by diet or coprophagy status and body weight gain was unchanged with OB − and JS − but was significantly lower with WB −. Plasma cholesterol was highest with WB and equally lower with OB and JS and was unaffected by coprophagy status. Plasma triacylglycerols were highest with OB and were unaffected by coprophagy status. Caecal digesta mass was highest with JS, intermediate with OB and lowest with WB. Digesta mass was unaffected by coprophagy status with WB and JS but was higher with OB −. Digesta moisture content was lowest with WB + but highest with WB −. Digesta volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations were similarly lower with OB + and OB −, but were significantly lower with JS − and WB − than in the corresponding coprophagy + group. In all groups digesta butyrate concentrations were reduced by coprophagy prevention. Pools of total VFA, acetate and butyrate in the digesta were highest with JS. Pools of total VFA in digesta were highest with JS +, OB + and OB − and lowest with WB + and WB −. The propionate pool was highest with OB −, intermediate with OB +, and equally low in all other groups. The pool of butyrate was highest with JS + and lowest with OB −. Effects of oats and wheat on plasma cholesterol in the rat do not seem to be mediated through faecal re-ingestion.

Keywords

CoprophagyPlasma lipidsVolatile fatty acidsRat
Type
Metabolic Effects of Carbohydrate
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 70 , Issue 1 , July 1993 , pp. 211 - 219
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1993

References

REFERENCES

American Institute of Nutrition (1977). Report of the American Institute of Nutrition ad hoc committee on standards for nutritional studies. Journal of Nutrition 107, 1340.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arbeeny, C. M., Rifici, V. A. & Eder, H. A. (1987). The uptake of the apoprotein and cholesteryl ester of high-density lipoproteins by the perfused rat liver. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 917, 9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Armstrong, B. K. & Softly, A. (1966). Prevention of coprophagy in the rat. A new method. British Journal of Nutrition 20, 595.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Asp, N. G., Bauer, H. G., Nilsson-Ehle, P., Nyman, M. & Oste, R. (1981). Wheat bran increases high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol in the rat. British Journal of Nutrition 46, 385.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barnes, R. H. (1962). Nutritional implications of coprophagy. Nutrition Reviews 20, 289.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Butler, R. N., Topping, D. L., Illman, R. J., Goland, G. J., Lawson, M. J. & Roberts-Thomson, I. C. (1990). Effects of starvation-refeeding on volatile fatty acid distribution in the large bowel of the rat. Nutrition Research 10, 91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cree, T. C., Wadley, D. M. & Marlett, J. A. (1986). Effect of coprophagy prevention in the rat on neutral detergent fiber digestibility and apparent calcium absorption. Journal of Nutrition 116, 1204–1208.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fleming, S. E. & Arce, D. S. (1986). Volatile fatty acids: their production, absorption, utilisation and roles in human health. Clinical Gastroenterology 15, 787–814.Google ScholarPubMed
Illman, R. J. & Topping, D. L. (1985). Effects of dietary oat bran on faecal sterol excretion, plasma volatile fatty acids and lipid synthesis in the rat. Nutrition Research 5, 839.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Illman, R. J., Topping, D. L., Dowling, K., Trimble, R. P., Russell, G. R. & Storer, G. B. (1991). Effects of solvent extraction on the hypocholesterolaemic action of oat bran in the rat. British Journal of Nutrition 65, 435–443.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Illman, R. J., Topping, D. L. & Trimble, R. P. (1986). Effects of food restriction and starvation-refeeding on volatile fatty acid concentrations in the rat. Journal of Nutrition 116, 1694–1700.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Judd, P. A. & Truswell, A. S. (1981). The effects of rolled oats on blood lipids and faecal steroid excretion in man. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 34, 2061.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kestin, M., Moss, R., Clifton, P. M. & Nestel, P. J. (1990). The comparative effects of three cereal brans on plasma lipids, blood pressure and glucose metabolism in mildly hypercholesterolemic men. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 52, 661.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kirby, R. W., Anderson, J. W., Sieling, B., Rees, E. D., Chen, W.-J., Miller, R. E. & Kay, R. M. (1981). Oat-bran intake selectively lowers serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations of hypercholesterolemic men. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 34, 824–829.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Livesey, G. (1990). Energy values of unavailable carbohydrate and diets: an inquiry and analysis. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 51, 617–637.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lutton, C. & Chevallier, F. (1973). Coprophagy in the white rat: quantitative aspects and time relations with food intake. Journal of Nutrition 66, 219–228.Google ScholarPubMed
Roediger, W. E. W. (1982). The effect of bacterial metabolites on nutrition and function of the colonic mucosa. Symbiosis between man and bacteria. In Colon and Nutrition, pp. 11–24 [Kaspar, H. and Goebell, H., editors] Lancaster, Boston and the Hague: MTP Press Ltd.Google Scholar
Shinnick, F. L., Ink, S. L. & Marlett, J. A. (1990). Dose response to a dietary oat bran fraction in cholesterol-fed rats. Journal of Nutrition 120, 561–568.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Theander, O. & Westerlund, E. A. (1986). Studies on dietary fibre. 3. Improved procedures for analysis of dietary fibre. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 34, 330–336.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Topping, D. L. (1991). Soluble fibre polysaccharides: effects on plasma cholesterol and colonic fermentation. Nutrition Reviews 49, 195–203.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wang, C. & Peters, D. (1963). Modification of the anal cup technique for small experimental animals. Laboratory Animal Care 13, 105–108.Google ScholarPubMed
Zhang, J.-X., Lundin, E., Andersson, H., Bosaeus, I., Dahlgren, S., Hallmans, G., Stenling, R. & Aman, P. (1991). Brewer's spent grain, serum lipids and faecal steroid excretion in human subjects with ileostomies. Journal of Nutrition 121, 778–784.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed