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Plasma response to a single dose of dietary β-cryptoxanthin esters from papaya (Carica papaya L.) or non-esterified β-cryptoxanthin in adult human subjects: a comparative study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Dietmar E. Breithaupt ,
Philipp Weller ,
Maike Wolters  and
Andreas Hahn
Dietmar E. Breithaupt*
Affiliation:
Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 28, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
Philipp Weller
Affiliation:
Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 28, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
Maike Wolters
Affiliation:
Institute of Food Science, University of Hannover, Wunstorferstr. 14, 30453 Hannover, Germany
Andreas Hahn
Affiliation:
Institute of Food Science, University of Hannover, Wunstorferstr. 14, 30453 Hannover, Germany
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Dietmar E. Breithaupt, fax +49 711 4594096, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Many orange-coloured fruits contain β-cryptoxanthin in its non-esterified as well as its esterified form. Information concerning the absorption of β-cryptoxanthin, especially with regard to the metabolism of its fatty acid esters, is rather scarce. The present study assessed the plasma concentration reached after consumption of a single dose of native β-cryptoxanthin esters from papaya (Carica papaya L.) or non-esterified β-cryptoxanthin in equal total amounts. In a randomized, single-blind crossover study, twelve subjects were served a portion of yoghurt containing esterified or non-esterified β-cryptoxanthin (1.3 mg absolute) together with a balanced breakfast. Between the two intervention days, there was a 2-week depletion period. After a fasting blood sample had been taken, futher samples were taken from the subjects at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 h. The concentration of non-esterified β-cryptoxanthin in the whole plasma was determined by HPLC; β-cryptoxanthin identification was confirmed by liquid chromatography–atmospheric pressure chemical ionization–MS analyses. Irrespective of the consumed diet, the plasma β-cryptoxanthin concentrations increased significantly (P=0·05) and peaked after 6–12 h. The concentration curves, as well as the areas under the curves, were not distinguishable according to two-sided F and t tests (P=0·05). Standardization of β-cryptoxanthin concentrations to plasma triacylglycerol and cholesterol had no impact on the results. Thus, the present study indicates comparable bioavailability of both non-esterified β-cryptoxanthin and mixtures of β-cryptoxanthin esters. The results support the existence of an effective enzymatic cleavage system accepting various β-cryptoxanthin esters.

Keywords

β-CryptoxanthinCarotenoid esterPlasma carotenoid responseLiquid chromatography–atmospheric pressure chemical ionization–mass spectroscopy
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 90 , Issue 4 , October 2003 , pp. 795 - 801
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2003

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