Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T01:02:02.341Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Long-term monounsaturated fatty acid diets reduce platelet aggregation in healthy young subjects

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Ruth D. Smith ,
Colette N. M. Kelly ,
Barbara A. Fielding ,
David Hauton ,
K. D. Renuka R. Silva ,
Margaretha C. Nydahl ,
George J. Miller  and
Christine M. Williams
Ruth D. Smith
Affiliation:
Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, School of Food Biosciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
Colette N. M. Kelly
Affiliation:
Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, School of Food Biosciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
Barbara A. Fielding
Affiliation:
Oxford Lipid Metabolism Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK
David Hauton
Affiliation:
Oxford Lipid Metabolism Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK
K. D. Renuka R. Silva
Affiliation:
Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, School of Food Biosciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
Margaretha C. Nydahl
Affiliation:
Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, School of Food Biosciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
George J. Miller
Affiliation:
Epidemiology and Medical Care Unit, Medical Research Council, Wolfson Institute of Preventative Medicine, Charter House Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
Christine M. Williams*
Affiliation:
Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, School of Food Biosciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
*
*Corresponding author:Professor Christine M. Williams, fax +44 118 931 0080, email [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The aim of the present study was to compare the response of a range of atherogenic and thrombogenic risk markers to two dietary levels of saturated fatty acid (SFA) substitution with monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in students living in a university hall of residence. Although the benefits of such diets have been reported for plasma lipoproteins in high-risk groups, more needs to be known about effects of more modest SFA-MUFA substitutions over the long term and in young healthy adults. In a parallel design over 16 weeks, fifty-one healthy young subjects were randomised to one of two diets: (1) a moderate-MUFA diet in which 16 g dietary SFA/100 g total fatty acids were substituted with MUFA (n 25); (2) a high-MUFA diet in which 33 g dietary SFA/100 g total fatty acids were substituted with MUFA (n 26). All subjects followed an 8-week run-in diet (reference diet), with a fatty acid composition close to the UK average values. There were no differences in plasma lipid responses between the two diets over 16 weeks of the study with similar reductions in total cholesterol (P <0·001) and LDL-cholesterol (P<0·01) in both groups; a small but significant reduction in HDL-cholesterol was also observed in both groups (P<0·01). Platelet responses to ADP (P<0·01) and arachidonic acid (P<0·05) differed with time on the two diets; at 16 weeks, platelet aggregatory response to ADP was significantly lower on the high-MUFA than the moderate-MUFA (P<0·01) diet; ADP responses were also significantly lower within this group at 8 (P<0·05) and 16 (P<0·01) weeks compared with baseline. There were no differences in fasting factor VII activity (factors VIIc and VIIag), fibrinogen concentration or tissue-type plasminogen activator activity between the diets. There were no differences in postprandial factor VIIc responses to a standard meal (area under the curve) between the diets after 16 weeks, but postprandial factor VIIc response was lower than on the high-MUFA diet compared with baseline (P<0·01). In conclusion, a high-MUFA diet sustains potentially beneficial effects on platelet aggregation and postprandial activation of factor VII. Moderate or high substitution of MUFA for SFA achieves similar reductions in fasting blood lipids in young healthy subjects.

Keywords

Monunsaturated fatty acidsPlatelet aggregationCoagulation
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 90 , Issue 3 , September 2003 , pp. 597 - 606
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2003

References

Avellone, G, Di Garbo, V, Cordova, R, Scaffidi, L & Bompiani, GD (1998) Effects of Mediterranean diet on lipid, coagulative and fibrinolytic parameters in two randomly selected population samples in Western Sicily. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 8, 287–296.Google Scholar
Aviram, M & Eias, K (1993) Dietary olive oil reduces low-density lipoprotein uptake by macrophages and decreases the susceptibility of the lipoprotein to undergo lipid peroxidation. Ann Nutr Metab 37, 75–84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Callow, J, Samra, JS & Frayn, KN (1998) Effect of infusion of a triacylglycerol emulsion on low-density lipoprotein composition and oxidizability. Atherosclerosis 137, 115–123.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cardinal, DC & Flower, RJ (1980) The electronic aggregometer: A novel device for assessing platelet behaviour in blood. J Pharmacol Methods 3, 135–158.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Department of Health (1994) Nutritional Aspects of Cardiovascular Disease. Report on Health and Social Subjects, no. 46. London: H. M. Stationery Office.Google Scholar
Fielding, BA, Callow, J, Owen, RM, Samra, JS, Matthews, DR & Frayn, KN (1996) Postprandial lipemia: the origin of an early peak studied by specific dietary fatty acid intake during sequential meals. Am J Clin Nutr 63, 36–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Freese, R, Mutanen, M, Valsta, LM & Salminen, I (1994) Comparison of the effects of two diets rich in monounsaturated fatty acids differing in their linoleic/α-linolenic acid ratio on platelet aggregation. Thromb Haemost 71, 73–77.Google Scholar
Friedewald, WT, Levy, RI & Frederickson, DS (1972) Estimation of the concentration of low density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 18, 499–502.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Griffin, BA, Caslake, MJ, Yip, BY, Tait, GW, Packard, CJ & Shepherd, J (1990) Rapid isolation of low density lipoprotein subfractions from plasma by density gradient ultracentrifugation. Atherosclerosis 83, 59–67.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grundy, SM (1986) Comparison of monounsaturated fatty acids and carbohydrates for lowering plasma cholesterol. N Engl J Med 314, 745–748.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Katan, MB (1997) High-oil compared with low-fat, high-carbohydrate diets in the prevention of ischemic heart disease. Am J Clin Nutr 66, 974S–979S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kelly, CN (2000) Effects of monounsaturated fatty acids on haemostatic factors and lipoprotein risk factors in healthy subjects. PhD Thesis, University of Reading.Google Scholar
Kris-Etherton, PM, Pearson, RA, Wan, Y, et al. (1999) High-monounsaturated fatty acid diets lower both plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations. Am J Clin Nutr 70, 1009–1015.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kris-Etherton, PM & Yu, S (1997) Individual fatty acid effects on plasma lipids and lipoproteins: human studies. Am J Clin Nutr 65, 1628S–1644S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Larsen, LF, Jespersen, J & Marckmann, P (1999) Are olive oil diets antithrombotic? Diets enriched with olive, rapeseed or sunflower oil affect postprandial factor VII differently. Am J Clin Nutr 70, 976–982.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lopez-Segura, F, Velasco, F, Lopez-Mirandia, J, et al. (1996) Monounsaturated fatty acid-enriched diet decreases plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1. Arterioscler Thromb 16, 82–88.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McDonald, BE, Gerrard, JM, Bruce, VM & Corner, EJ (1989) Comparison of the effect of canola oil and sunflower oil on plasma lipids and lipoproteins and on in vivo thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin production in healthy young men. Am J Clin Nutr 50, 1382–1388.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McDowell, IFW, McEneny, J & Trimble, ER (1995) A rapid method of measurement of susceptibility to oxidation of low-density lipoprotein. Ann Clin Biochem 32, 167–174.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Matthews, JNS, Altman, DG, Campbell, MJ & Royston, P (1990) Analysis of serial measurements in medical research. Br Med J 300, 230–235.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mensink, RP, De Groot, M, van den, Broeke L, Severignen-Nobels, A, Demacker, P & Katan, M (1989) Effect of monounsaturated fatty acids vs. complex carbohydrates on serum lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in healthy men and women. Metabolism 38, 172–178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mensink, RP & Katan, MB (1992) Effect of dietary fatty acids on serum lipids and lipoproteins. A meta-analysis of 27 trials. Arterioscler Thromb 12, 911–919.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miller, GJ, Stirling, Y, Esnouf, AP, et al. (1994) Factor VII-deficient substrate plasmas depleted of protein C raise the sensitivity of the factor VII bio-assay to activated factor VII: an international study. Thromb Haemost 71, 38–48.Google ScholarPubMed
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (1996) National Food Survey, 1995. London: H. M. Stationery Office.Google Scholar
National Cholesterol Education Program (1991) Report of the expert panel on population strategies for blood cholesterol reduction. Circulation 83, 2154–2232.Google Scholar
Nydahl, MC, Smith, RD, Kelly, CMN, Fielding, BA & Williams, CM (2003) Achievement of dietary fatty acid intakes in long-term controlled intervention studies: approach and methodology. Public Health Nutr 6, 31–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oakley, FR, Sanders, TAB & Miller, GJ (1998) Postprandial effects of an oleic acid-rich oil compared with butter on clotting factor VII and fibrinolysis in healthy men. Am J Clin Nutr 68, 1202–1207.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Petroni, A, Blasevich, M, Salami, M, Papini, N, Montedoro, GF & Galli, C (1995) Inhibition of platelet aggregation and eicosanoid production by phenolic components of olive oil. Thromb Res 78, 151–160.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reaven, P, Parthasarathy, S, Grasse, BJ, et al. (1991) Feasibility of using an oleate-rich diet to reduce the susceptibility of low-density lipoprotein to oxidative modification in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 54, 701–706.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roche, HM, Zampelas, A, Knapper, JME, et al. (1998) The effect of chronic olive oil dietary intervention on acute postprandial triacylglycerol and factor VII metabolism. Am J Clin Nutr 68, 552–560.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanders, TAB, de Grassi, T, Miller, GJ & Humphries, SE (1999) Dietary oleic and palmitic acids and postprandial factor VII in middle-aged men heterozygous and homozygous for factor VII R353Q polymorphism. Am J Clin Nutr 69, 220–225.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Silva, KDRR, Jones, AE, Smith, RD, et al. (2003) Chylomicron particle size and number, factor VII activation and dietary monounsaturated fatty acids. Atherosclerosis 166, 73–84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sirtori, CR, Gatti, E, Tremoli, E, et al. (1992) Olive oil, corn oil and n-3 fatty acids differently affect lipids, lipoproteins, platelets and superoxide formation in type II hypercholesterolemia. Am J Clin Nutr 56, 113–122.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sirtori, CR, Tremoli, E, Gatti, E, et al. (1986) Controlled evaluation of fat intake in the Mediterranean diet: comparative activities of olive oil and corn oil on plasma lipids and platelets in high-risk patients. Am J Clin Nutr 44, 635–642.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thompson, JM (1992) Blood collection and preparation: pre-analytical variation. In ECAT Assay Procedures: A Manual of Laboratory Techniques, pp. 13–20 [Jespersen,, J, Bertina, BM and Haverkate, F, editors]. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turpeinen, AM, Pajari, AM, Freese, R, Sauer, R & Mutanen, M (1998) Replacement of dietary saturated by unsaturated fatty acids: effects of platelet protein kinase C activity, urinary content of 2,3-dinor-TXB2 and in vitro platelet aggregation in healthy man. Thromb Haemost 80, 649–655.Google ScholarPubMed
Volpi, N & Tarugi, P (1999) The protective effect on Cu2+- and AAPH-mediated oxidation of human low-density lipoproteins depends on glycosaminoglycan structure. Biochimie 81, 955–963.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Williams, CM, Francis-Knapper, JA, Webb, D, et al. (1999) Cholesterol reduction using manufactured foods high in monounsaturated fatty acids, a randomised cross over study. Br J Nutr 81, 439–446.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yaqoob, P, Knapper, JA, Webb, DH, Williams, CM, Newsholme, EA & Calder, PC (1998) Effect of olive oil on immune function in middle aged men. Am J Clin Nutr 67, 129–135.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yu, S, Derr, J, Etherton, TD & Kris-Etherton, PM (1995) Plasma cholesterol-predictive equations demonstrate that stearic acid is neutral and monounsaturated fatty acids are hypocholesterolemic. Am J Clin Nutr 61, 1129–1139.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zampelas, A, Roche, H, Knapper, JME, et al. (1998) Differences in postprandial lipaemic response between Northern and Southern Europeans. Atherosclerosis 139, 83–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed