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Inulin and oligofructose modulate lipid metabolism in animals: review of biochemical events and future prospects

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

N. M. Delzenne ,
C. Daubioul ,
A. Neyrinck ,
M. Lasa  and
H. S. Taper
N. M. Delzenne*
Affiliation:
Unit of Pharmacokinetics, Metabolism, Nutrition and Toxicology, PMNT-7369 School of Pharmacy Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier, 73 B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
C. Daubioul
Affiliation:
Unit of Pharmacokinetics, Metabolism, Nutrition and Toxicology, PMNT-7369 School of Pharmacy Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier, 73 B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
A. Neyrinck
Affiliation:
Unit of Pharmacokinetics, Metabolism, Nutrition and Toxicology, PMNT-7369 School of Pharmacy Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier, 73 B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
M. Lasa
Affiliation:
Unit of Pharmacokinetics, Metabolism, Nutrition and Toxicology, PMNT-7369 School of Pharmacy Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier, 73 B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
H. S. Taper
Affiliation:
Unit of Pharmacokinetics, Metabolism, Nutrition and Toxicology, PMNT-7369 School of Pharmacy Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier, 73 B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
*
*Corresponding author: Dr N. Delzenne, tel +32 2 764 7369, fax +32 2 764 7359, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Inulin and oligofructose, besides their effect on the gastro-intestinal tract, are also able to exert ‘systemic’ effect, namely by modifying the hepatic metabolism of lipids in several animal models. Feeding male Wistar rats on a carbohydrate-rich diet containing 10 % inulin or oligofructose significantly lowers serum triacylglycerol (TAG) and phospholipid concentrations. A lower hepatic lipogenesis, through a coordinate reduction of the activity and mRNA of lipogenic enzymes is a key event in the reduction of very low-density lipoprotein-TAG secretion by oligofructose. Oligofructose is also able to counteract triglyceride metabolism disorder occurring through dietary manipulation in animals, and sometimes independently on lipogenesis modulation: oligofructose reduces post-prandial triglyceridemia by 50 % and avoids the increase in serum free cholesterol level occurring in rats fed a Western-type high fat diet. Oligofructose protects rats against liver TAG accumulation (steatosis) induced by fructose, or occurring in obese Zucker fa/fa rats. The protective effect of dietary inulin and oligofructose on steatosis in animals, would be interesting, if confirmed in humans, since steatosis is one of the most frequent liver disorders, occurring together with the plurimetabolic syndrome, in overweight people. The panel of putative mediators of the systemic effects of inulin and oligofructose consists in either modifications in glucose/insulin homeostasis, the end-products of their colonic fermentation (i.e. propionate) reaching the liver by the portal vein, incretins and/or the availability of other nutrients. The identification of the key mediators of the systemic effects of inulin and oligofructose is the key to identify target function(s) (or dysfunction(s)), and finally individuals who would take an advantage of increasing their dietary intake.

Keywords

FructansTriacylglycerolSteatosisRatShort-chain fatty acids
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 87 , Issue S2 , May 2002 , pp. S255 - S259
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2002

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