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Interactions between propionate and amino acid metabolism in isolated sheep hepatocytes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

C. Demigné ,
C. Yacoub ,
C. Morand  and
C. RéMésy
C. Demigné
Affiliation:
INRA Laboratoire des Maladies Metaboliques, Centre de Recherches, Theix-F-63122, Ceyrat, France
C. Yacoub
Affiliation:
INRA Laboratoire des Maladies Metaboliques, Centre de Recherches, Theix-F-63122, Ceyrat, France
C. Morand
Affiliation:
INRA Laboratoire des Maladies Metaboliques, Centre de Recherches, Theix-F-63122, Ceyrat, France
C. RéMésy
Affiliation:
INRA Laboratoire des Maladies Metaboliques, Centre de Recherches, Theix-F-63122, Ceyrat, France
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Abstract

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The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the contribution of various substrates to glucose synthesis in isolated sheep hepatocytes, and more specifically to quantify the contribution of propionate to gluconeogenesis. Liver cells from fed sheep have a very high capacity for propionate utilization and conversion into glucose. The glucogenicity of lactate or amino acids was very low in hepatocytes from fed sheep, but was significantly increased in hepatocytes from starved animals. Amino acids such as alanine or glutamine were characterized by a substantial utilization towards ureogenesis, whereas their conversion to glucose was very low. Propionate utilization and conversion into glucose was inhibited by butyrate, ammonia and especially ethanol (by up to 80%). Ethanol promoted a striking accumulation of intracellular malate in hepatocytes incubated with propionate (reaching 14.9 μmol/g cell) and led to a depletion of phosphoenolpyruvate; ethanol inhibition could be counteracted by pyruvate. Propionate and butyrate enhanced ureogenesis from ammonia in ruminant liver cells but their effects were not additive. Propionate also elicited a marked increase in cellular concentrations of phosphoserine and serine, particularly in the presence of ammonia; such effects could influence phospholipid metabolism in the liver. These findings emphasize the contribution of propionate, compared with the other glucogenic substrates, to glucose synthesis in ruminants and point to the possibilities of modulation of the glucogenicity of propionate by various substrates which may be present in portal blood.

Keywords

GluconeogenesisHepatocytesPropionateAmino acidsSheep
Type
Metabolic Effects of Dietary Constituents
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 65 , Issue 2 , March 1991 , pp. 301 - 317
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1991

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