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Insulin-like growth factor-I and analogues increase growth in artificially-reared neonatal pigs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Frank R. Dunshea ,
Chung S. Chung ,
Phil C. Owens ,
John F. Ballard  and
Paul E. Walton
Frank R. Dunshea*
Affiliation:
Victorian Institute of Animal Science, 600 Sneydes Rd., Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia
Chung S. Chung
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk Natl U, Kaesin-Dong San 48, Cheongju, 360-763, Republic of Korea
Phil C. Owens
Affiliation:
Cooperative Research Centre for Tissue Growth and Repair, Adelaide 5000, Australia
John F. Ballard
Affiliation:
Cooperative Research Centre for Tissue Growth and Repair, Adelaide 5000, Australia
Paul E. Walton
Affiliation:
Cooperative Research Centre for Tissue Growth and Repair, Adelaide 5000, Australia
*
*Corresponding author:Dr Frank R. Dunshea, fax +61 3 9742 0400, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Exogenous insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I has been shown to increase growth rate in neonatal pigs while an analogue of IGF-I, long arginine (LR3) IGF-I, has been shown to be more potent than IGF-I in the rat. Therefore, two studies were conducted to determine whether IGF-I and LR3IGF-I increase growth in the artificially-reared neonatal pig. Expt 1 involved forty-two (2 kg initial weight) pigs infused with either control, IGF-I (2, 4 or 8 μg/h) or LR3IGF-I (2, 4 or 8 μg/h) infusions for 8 d. Pigs were weighed and then offered 1·7 MJ (gross energy) milk replacer/kg0·75 per d. Expt 2 involved eighteen pigs (2 kg initial weight) treated with control saline, IGF-I (8 μg/h) or LR3IGF-I (8 μg/h) infusions. After 9 d an additional pump was inserted to increase the infusion rates of each of the growth factors (16 μg/h) for a further 9 d. Cows' milk was provided ad libitum. In Expt 1 there was no overall effect of growth factors on daily weight gain or slaughter weight. However, milk intake was greater in pigs infused with growth factors (909 v. 867 g/d, P=0·027), with an apparently greater milk intake by the pigs infused with IGF-I compared with LR3IGF-I (920 v. 898 g/d, P=0·12). Infusion of LR3IGF-I decreased plasma IGF-I concentrations, but had no effect on plasma IGF-II concentrations. In Expt 2, neither IGF-I nor LR3IGF-I infusion had any effect upon daily weight gain over the first 9 d of the study. However, over the second 9 d of the study, daily weight gain was increased in LR3IGF-I-infused pigs (457 v. 386 g/d, P<0·01), but not in pigs infused with IGF-I (413 v. 386 g/d, P=0·15). Milk intake was not different during the first 9 d of the study but was significantly greater in pigs infused with growth factors over the second half of the study (3407 v. 2905 g/d, P<0·01). Plasma IGF-binding protein-3 concentrations were highly correlated (R=0·85) with average daily gain over the 3 d preceding blood sampling. In conclusion, exogenous IGF-I and particularly LR3IGF-I can increase growth rate and milk intake in artificially-reared pigs fed ad libitum but not in limit-fed piglets.

Keywords

Insulin-like growth factor-IGrowthLactationSomatotropinPig
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 87 , Issue 6 , June 2002 , pp. 587 - 593
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2002

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