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Influence of dietary retrograded starch on the metabolism of neutral steroids and bile acids in rats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Miriam J. F. Verbeek ,
Emile A. M. De Deckere ,
Lilian B. M. Tijburg ,
Johan M. M. Van Amelsvoort  and
Anton C. Beynen
Miriam J. F. Verbeek
Affiliation:
Unilever Research Laboratorium, PO Box 114, 3130 AC Vlaardingen, The Netherlands Department of Human Nutrition, Wageningen Agricultural University, PO Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands
Emile A. M. De Deckere
Affiliation:
Unilever Research Laboratorium, PO Box 114, 3130 AC Vlaardingen, The Netherlands
Lilian B. M. Tijburg
Affiliation:
Unilever Research Laboratorium, PO Box 114, 3130 AC Vlaardingen, The Netherlands
Johan M. M. Van Amelsvoort
Affiliation:
Unilever Research Laboratorium, PO Box 114, 3130 AC Vlaardingen, The Netherlands
Anton C. Beynen
Affiliation:
Department of Human Nutrition, Wageningen Agricultural University, PO Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands Depatment of Laboratory Animal Science, Utrecht University, PO Box 80.166, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Abstract

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Diets enriched in retrograded amylose (RS3) have been shown to lower serum cholesterol concentrations in rats. The possibility was tested that this hypocholesterolaemic effect of RS3 is caused by an increase in excretion of neutral steroids and/or bile acids. Six groups of ten rats were fed on purified diets containing either 12 or 140 g RS3/kg solid ingredients with and without added cholesterol (5 g/kg). Low-RS3 diets, with and without added cholesterol, to which the bile-acid-binding resin cholestvramine (20 g/kg) was added, were used as reference. The high-RS3 diets v. the low-RS3 diets tended to reduce the increase in the total serum cholesterol concentration during the course of the experiment (P = 0 067), decreased serum triacylglycerol concentrations, raised total neutral steroids and total bile acids in caecal contents and faecal excretion of total bile acids, but lowered faecal excretion of neutral steroids. In addition, the serum concentration of total 3α-bile acids was markedly raised by the high-RS3 diets. The high-RS3 diets raised the faecal excretion of lithocholic and muricholic acids, but lowered that of hyodeoxycholic acid, and increased the caecal amounts of lithocholic, ursodeoxycholic, β-muricholic and ω-muricholic acids. Apart from the stimulation of faecal bile acids excretion, the effects of cholestvramine on bile acid metabolism differed at various points from those of RS3. Cholesterol feeding had predictable effects on cholesterol metabolism and led to greater elevating effects of RS3 on the faecal and caecal amounts of muricholic acids. The results suggest that the serum-cholesterol-lowering effect of high-RS3 diets may be explained by an increased influx of neutral steroids and bile acids into the caecum, and increased faecal excretion of bile acids, and/or by an altered intestinal bile acid profile.

Keywords

Resistant starchSerum cholesterolBile acids
Type
Effect of carbohydrate intake on lipid metabolism
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 74 , Issue 6 , December 1995 , pp. 807 - 820
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1995

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