Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-15T07:25:36.325Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

In vitro lipid metabolism, growth and metabolic hormone concentrations in hyperthyroid chickens*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

R. W. Rosebrough ,
J. P. McMurtry  and
R. Vasilatos-Younken
R. W. Rosebrough
Affiliation:
Nonruminant Animal Nutrition Laboratory, Livestock and Poultry Science Institute, United States Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
J. P. McMurtry
Affiliation:
Nonruminant Animal Nutrition Laboratory, Livestock and Poultry Science Institute, United States Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
R. Vasilatos-Younken
Affiliation:
Department of Poultry Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Indian River male broiler chickens growing from 7 to 28 d of age were fed on diets containing energy: protein values varying from 43 to 106 MJ/kg protein and containing 0 or 1 mg triiodothyronine (T3)/kg diet to study effects on growth, metabolic hormone concentrations and in vitro lipogenesis. In vitro lipid synthesis was determined in liver explants in the presence and absence of ouabain (Na+, K+-transporting ATPase (EC 3.6.1.37) inhibitor) to estimate the role of enzyme activity in explants synthesizing lipid. Growth and feed consumption increased (P < 0.01) when the energy: protein value decreased from 106 to 71 MJ/kg protein; however, both variables decreased as the value was further decreased from 53 to 43 MJ/kg protein. Triiodothyronine depressed (P < 0.01) growth, but not food intake. Large energy:protein diets (> 53 MJ/kg protein) and dietary T3 lowered (P < 0.01) plasma growth hormone. Large energy:protein diets (> 53 MJ/kg protein) increased (P < 0.01) lipogenesis, plasma growth hormone (GH) and decreased plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Also, T3 decreased plasma GH, IGF-1 in vitro lipogenesis. Ouabain inhibited a greater proportion of in vitro lipogenesis in those explants synthesizing fat at a high rate. Both dietary T3 and in vitro ouabain decrease lipogenesis, but, when combined, the effects are not cumulative

Keywords

LipogenesisDietary proteinATPaseThyroid hormonesChickens
Type
Lipid Metabolism
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 68 , Issue 3 , November 1992 , pp. 667 - 676
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1992

References

Adeola, A., Young, L. G., McBride, B. W. & Ball, R. O. (1989). In vitro Na+, K+-ATPase (EC 3.6.1.3)-dependent respiration and protein synthesis in skeletal muscle of pigs fed at three dietary protein levels. British Journal of Nutrition 61, 453–465.Google Scholar
Berdanier, C. D. & Shubeck, D. (1981). Effects of thyroid hormones on mitochondrial activity in lipemic BHE rats. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 166, 348–354.Google Scholar
Cleland, W. W., Thompson, V. M. & Barden, R. E. (1969). Isocitrate dehydrogenase (TPN specific) from pig heart. In Methods in Enzymology, vol. 13, pp. 30–33 [Lowenstein, J. M., editor]. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Cogburn, L. A., Liou, S. S., Alfonso, C. P., McGuiness, M. C. & McMurtry, J. P. (1989). Dietary thyrotropin-releasing hormone stimulates growth rate and increases the insulin:glucagon molar ratio of broiler chickens. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 192, 127–134.Google Scholar
Dawe, S. R., Francis, G. L., McNamara, P. J., Wallace, J. C. & Ballard, P. J. (1988). Purification, partial sequences and properties of chicken insulin-like growth factors. Journal of Endocrinology 117, 173–181.Google Scholar
Donaldson, W. E. (1985). Lipogenesis and body fat in chicks: effects of calorie:protein ratios and dietary fat. Poultry Science 64, 1199–1204.Google Scholar
Donaldson, W. E., Combs, G. F. & Romoser, G. L. (1956). Studies on energy levels in poultry rations. 1. The effect of calorie-protein of the ration on growth, nutrient utilization and body composition of chicks. Poultry Science 35, 1100–1204.Google Scholar
Folch, J., Lees, M. & Sloane-Stanley, G. H. (1957). A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. Journal of Biological Chemistry 226, 497–500.Google Scholar
Glynn, I. M. (1964). The action of cardiac glycosides on ion movements. Pharmacological Reviews 16, 381–408.Google Scholar
Hanks, J. H. & Wallace, R. E. (1949). Relation of oxygen and temperature in the preservation of tissues by refrigeration. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 71, 196–200.Google Scholar
Harvey, S. (1983). Thyroid hormones inhibit growth hormone secretion in domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus). Journal of Endocrinology 98, 129–135.Google Scholar
Hillgartner, F. B. & Romsos, D. R. (1985). Regulation of iodothyronine 5′-deiodination in lean and obese (ob/ob) mice. American Journal of Physiology 249, E209–E218.Google Scholar
Hsu, R. Y. & Lardy, H. A. (1969). Malic enzyme. In Methods in Enzymology, vol. 13, pp. 230–235 [Lowenstein, J. M., editor]. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Ismail-Beigi, F. & Edelman, I. S. (1970). Mechanism of thyroid calorigenesis: role of active sodium transport. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 67, 1071–1078.Google Scholar
Kim, M.-J. & Berdanier, C. D. (1989). Influence of menhaden oil on mitochondrial respiration in BHE rats. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 192, 172–176.Google Scholar
Martin, R. J. & Herbein, J. H. (1976). A comparison of the enzyme levels and in vitro utilization of various substrates for lipogenesis in pair-fed lean and obese pigs. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 151, 231–235.Google Scholar
Milligan, L. P. & McBride, B. W. (1985). Energy costs of ion pumping by animal tissues. Journal of Nutrition 114, 1374–1382.Google Scholar
Remington, R. D. & Schork, M. A. (1972). Statistics with Applications to the Biological and Health Sciences. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Rosebrough, R. W. & Steele, N. C. (1985). Energy and protein relations in the broiler. 1. Effect of protein levels and feeding regimes on growth, body composition and in vitro lipogenesis in broiler chickens. Poultry Science 64, 119–126.Google Scholar
Rosebrough, R. W. & Steele, N. C. (1987). Methods to assess glucose and lipid metabolism in avian liver explants. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 88A, 1041–1049.Google Scholar
Sigma Bulletin 16 UV (1986). Glucose. St.Louis, MO: Sigma Diagnostics.Google Scholar
Sigma Bulletin 335 UV (1988). Triglyceride (UV). St Louis, MO: Sigma Diagnostics.Google Scholar
Spratt, R. S., Bayley, H. S., McBride, B. W. & Leeson, S. (1990 a). Energy metabolism of broiler breeder hens. 1. The partition of dietary energy intake. Poultry Science 69, 1339–1347.Google Scholar
Spratt, R. S., Bayley, H. S., McBride, B. W. & Leeson, S. (1990 b). Energy metabolism of broiler breeder hens. 2. Contribution of tissues to total heat production in fed and fasted hens. Poultry Science 69, 1348–1356.Google Scholar
Thomas, O. P. & Combs, G. F. (1967). Relationship between serum protein level and body composition in the chick. Journal of Nutrition 91, 468–472.Google Scholar
Vasilatos-Younken, R. (1986). Preparation and culture of dispersed avian pituitary cells, and age-related changes in pituitary weight and growth hormone content. General and Comparative Endocrinology 64, 99–106.Google Scholar
Wako Bulletin (1986). NEFA-C. Dallas, TX: Wako Chemicals.Google Scholar
Yeh, Y. Y. & Leveille, G. A. (1969). Effect of dietary protein on hepatic lipogenesis in the growing chick. Journal of Nutrition 98, 356–366.Google Scholar
York, D. A., Bray, G. A. & Yukimura, Y. (1978). An enzymatic defect in the obese (ob/ob) mouse: loss of thyroid-induced sodium- and potassium-dependent adenosinetriphosphatase. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 75, 477–481.Google Scholar