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Humoral defence improvement and haematopoiesis stimulation in sows and offspring by oral supply of shark-liver oil to mothers during gestation and lactation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

Romain Mitre ,
Michel Etienne ,
Sophie Martinais ,
Henri Salmon ,
Patrick Allaume ,
Philippe Legrand  and
Alain B. Legrand
Romain Mitre
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 2 avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard,35043 Rennes, Cedex, France
Michel Etienne
Affiliation:
INRA-UMRVP, 35590 Saint-Gilles, France
Sophie Martinais
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 2 avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard,35043 Rennes, Cedex, France
Henri Salmon
Affiliation:
INRA-UR918, Pathologie infectieuse et immunologie, 37380, Nouzilly, France
Patrick Allaume
Affiliation:
Centre Technique Id-Mer, 2 rue Batelière, 56100 Lorient, France
Philippe Legrand
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Biochimie, Agrocampus, 65 rue de St. Brieuc, 35042 Rennes, Cedex, France
Alain B. Legrand*
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 2 avenue du Pr. Léon Bernard,35043 Rennes, Cedex, France
*
*Corresponding author: Professor Alain B. Legrand, fax +33 2 23 23 49 75, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Shark-liver oil (SLO) contains two bioactive lipids: alkylglycerols and n-3 PUFA. Alkylglycerols have immunostimulating and haematopoietic properties, while n-3 PUFA are essential for optimal neonatal development. We investigated the beneficial effects of dietary supplementation with 32g SLO/d to twelve pregnant and then lactating sows (from day 80 of pregnancy to weaning) on the growth and immune status of their offspring, compared with a control group. Sows were vaccinated against Aujeszky's disease 21d before term. Blood samples were collected from sows before treatment, on delivery and 14d later, and from five piglets per litter on days 2, 21 and 36 after birth; colostrum and milk samples were collected 12h, 14 and 28d postpartum. Compared with controls, supplemented sows had higher levels of both erythrocytes and Hb in their blood, and higher concentrations of IgG, alkylglycerols and n-3 PUFA in their mammary secretions. In piglets from supplemented sows, leucocytes and IgG were higher. Supplementation with SLO resulted in an increase in Aujeszky antibodies in both blood and colostrum of sows after vaccination, together with an increase in Aujeszky antibodies in piglet blood. Our findings demonstrate that improvement of both passive and active immune status in piglets is related to the consumption of alkylglycerols associated with n-3 PUFA in the sow diet. The overall improvement in offspring health status by SLO supplementation to the mother could be of interest for optimisation of the lipid diet during and after pregnancy.

Keywords

Lipid dietMaternal immunity transferShark-liver oilAlkylglycerolsn-3 PUFA
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 94 , Issue 5 , November 2005 , pp. 753 - 762
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2005

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