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Gene–nutrient interactions: dietary behaviour associated with high coronary heart disease risk particularly affects serum LDL cholesterol in apolipoprotein E ε4-carrying free-living individuals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Alexandre Loktionov ,
Serena Scollen ,
Nicola McKeown  and
Sheila A. Bingham
Alexandre Loktionov*
Affiliation:
Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2XY, UK
Serena Scollen
Affiliation:
Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2XY, UK
Nicola McKeown
Affiliation:
Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2XY, UK
Sheila A. Bingham
Affiliation:
Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2XY, UK
*
*Corresponding author: Dr A. Loktionov, fax +44(0)1223 252765, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotype influence on the relationship between dietary risk factors for cardiovascular disease and blood serum lipid levels was investigated in 132 free-living individuals participating in the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer (EPIC) study. All subjects (age 40–69) were clinically healthy and provided information on their usual diet. ApoE genotype and serum lipid concentrations were determined in all subjects. Relationships of intake of dietary constituents with serum lipid levels were compared in different genotype groups. There was a significant correlation between total serum cholesterol and intake of energy derived from total fat (r 0·195; P 0·025) and saturated fat (r 0·174; P 0·046) in the cohort as a whole. However, individuals with the ApoE ε3/ε4 genotype displayed a much stronger positive correlation between LDL cholesterol level and the percentage of energy derived from intake of saturated fat (r 0·436; P 0·043). There were no significant associations in the groups with ε3/ε3 or ε2/ε2 & ε2/ε3 genotype. A significant positive correlation between alcohol consumption and HDL cholesterol level was present in individuals bearing ApoE ε2 allele. These findings support current public health recommendations that saturated fat consumption should be reduced in order to reduce coronary heart disease risk. Total cholesterol concentrations were positively related to saturated fat intake in the cohort as a whole, but elevated LDL cholesterol levels associated with high saturated fat intake can be expected particularly in those individuals who combine a ‘risky’ dietary behaviour with the presence of the ε4 variant of ApoE.

Keywords

GenotypeDietary fatSerum cholesterol
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 84 , Issue 6 , December 2000 , pp. 885 - 890
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2000

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