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The efficacy of ferrous bisglycinate and electrolytic iron as fortificants in bread in iron-deficient school children

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

Martha E. van Stuijvenberg ,
Cornelius M. Smuts ,
Petronella Wolmarans ,
Carl J. Lombard  and
Muhammad A. Dhansay
Martha E. van Stuijvenberg*
Affiliation:
Nutritional Intervention Research UnitMedical Research Council, PO Box 19070, Tygerberg 7505South Africa
Cornelius M. Smuts
Affiliation:
Nutritional Intervention Research UnitMedical Research Council, PO Box 19070, Tygerberg 7505South Africa
Petronella Wolmarans
Affiliation:
Nutritional Intervention Research UnitMedical Research Council, PO Box 19070, Tygerberg 7505South Africa
Carl J. Lombard
Affiliation:
Biostatistics Unit, Medical Research Council, Cape TownSouth Africa
Muhammad A. Dhansay
Affiliation:
Nutritional Intervention Research UnitMedical Research Council, PO Box 19070, Tygerberg 7505South Africa
*
*Corresponding author: fax +27 21 9380321, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Food fortification is an important long-term strategy for addressing micronutrient deficiencies. Finding the ideal Fe fortification compound, however, remains a challenge. In the present study the effect of ferrous bisglycinate as fortificant in brown bread was compared with that of electrolytic Fe among Fe-deficient school children in a randomised controlled trial. Children (n 160), aged 6–11 years, with serum ferritin <20μg/l, were randomly assigned to one of three treatment categories: (i) standard unfortified bread; (ii) bread with electrolytic Fe as fortificant; and (iii) bread with ferrous bisglycinate as fortificant. Each child received four slices of bread (120g) on school days, which supplied an average of 3·66mg elemental Fe per intervention day for 137d (2·52mg/d for 75d and 5·04mg/d for 62d) over a period of 7·5 months. Hb, serum ferritin, serum Fe and transferrin saturation were measured at baseline and at the end of the intervention. Significant treatment effects were observed for Hb (P=0·013), serum Fe (P=0·041) and transferrin saturation (P=0·042) in the ferrous bisglycinate group, but not in the electrolytic Fe group. There were no significant intervention effects for serum ferritin in either treatment group. Overall, ferrous bisglycinate as Fe fortificant in brown bread performed better than electrolytic Fe in a group of Fe-deficient school children over a period of 7·5 months.

Keywords

Iron fortificationFerrous bisglycinateElectrolytic ironFortified breadSchool children
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 95 , Issue 3 , March 2006 , pp. 532 - 538
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2006

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