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Effects of varying content of soluble dietary fibre from wheat flour and oat milling fractions on gastric emptying in pigs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Helle N Johansen ,
K. E.Bach Knudsen ,
Brittmarie Sandström  and
F. Skjøth
Helle N Johansen
Affiliation:
Danish Institute of Animal Science, Department of Nutrition, Research Centre Foulum, PO Box 39, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark Research Department of Human Nutrition, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Rolighedsvej 25, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark
K. E.Bach Knudsen
Affiliation:
Research Department of Human Nutrition, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Rolighedsvej 25, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark
Brittmarie Sandström
Affiliation:
Research Department of Human Nutrition, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Rolighedsvej 25, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark
F. Skjøth
Affiliation:
Danish Institute of Plant and Soil Science, Department of Biometry and Informatics, Research Centre Foulum, PO Box 23, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
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Abstract

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Four pigs fitted with a gastric cannula were fed on a wheat-flour-based diet (WF) and three oat-based diets, consisting mainly of oat flour (OF), rolled oats (RO) or oat bran (OB), for 1 week each. The stomach contents were collected quantitatively daily at 0·5, 1, 2, 3 or 5 h after feeding. The viscosity (mPa. s) of the liquid fraction of stomach contents 1 h after feeding was 1·7 with diet WF, 15 with diet OF, 30 with diet RO and approximately 400 with diet OB. The viscosity and the concentration of β-glucan in the liquid phase was to some extent determined by the dietary level of β-glucan in the diet. However, there was a trend towards a lower viscosity after longer exposure to the gastric juices. The correlation between logarithmic values for viscosity and concentration of β-glucan in the liquid phase of digesta was r 0·45. On centrifugation of digesta there was a higher proportion present in the sediment phase when the pigs were fed on diets with a higher content of soluble dietary fibre (DF), suggesting that the digesta was more coherent. This possibility was supported by the higher water-holding capacity (WHC) of the sediment. Feeding diets with oats containing a higher soluble DF content led to lower recoveries of digesta, PEG 4000 (liquid-phase marker), and the DF components β-glucan and arabinoxylan in the first hour after feeding. No effect related to the DF content of the diet was seen in the gastric emptying of starch and Cr2O3 (solid-phase marker). In conclusion, soluble DF from oatsincreased the viscosity of stomach contents and increased the ability of the dry matter to retain water. Higher levels of soluble DF led to higher recoveries of digesta, the liquid phase and DF itself in the initial stage of gastric emptying, whereas no effect was seen on the gastric emptying of starch.

Keywords

β-GlucanOatsViscosityGastric emptying
Type
Effects of dietary fibre on gastrointestinal function
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 75 , Issue 3 , March 1996 , pp. 339 - 351
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1996

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