Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-18T09:13:45.649Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effects of underfeeding for 7 d on the thermogenic and physiological response to glucose and insulin infusion (hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

I. W. Gallen  and
I. A. Macdonald
I. W. Gallen
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Nottingham Medical School, Clifton Boulevard, Nottingham NG7 2UH
I. A. Macdonald
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Nottingham Medical School, Clifton Boulevard, Nottingham NG7 2UH
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The effect of underfeeding for 7 d (at 60 kJ/kg ideal body-weight) on the thermic and physiological responses to glucose and insulin infusions (hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp) was studied in six healthy women. Underfeeding had no significant effect on baseline metabolic rate, heart rate, forearm blood flow, diastolic blood pressure, blood intermediary metabolites, plasma insulin or catecholamines, but reduced both respiratory exchange ratio (RER; control (C) 0.86 (SE 0.02), underfed (U) 0.75 (SE 0.01) P < 0.01) and systolic blood pressure (by approximately 10 mmHg, P < 0.01). Baseline forearm glucose uptake and oxygen consumption were similar in both states. During the final 30 min of the glucose and insulin infusion, metabolic rate rose by 0.43 (SE 0.05) kJ/min in the C state, but no rise was seen in the U state (P < 0.01). Glucose disposal rate (C 47.9 (SE 1.8), U 47.3 (SE 4.1) μmol/kg per min) and storage rate (C 27.5 (SE 2.4), U 31.6 (SE 3.6) μmol/kg per min) were similar in both states, but glucose oxidation rate was reduced in the U state (C 20.5 (SE 1.7), U 15.4 (SE 0.7) μmol/kg per min; P < 0.05). RER rose to a higher value in the C state than in the U state (C 0.97 (SE 0.2), U 0.80 (SE 0.01); P < 0.01). During hyperinsulinaemia, the forearm glucose uptake and O2 consumption rose in both states. No significant differences were seen in the cardiovascular responses to hyperinsulinaemia in either state. Thus underfeeding abolishes the rise in thermogenesis and reduces glucose oxidation during glucose and insulin infusions in healthy women, but does not affect the glucose disposal or storage rates or the other measured responses.

Keywords

ThermogenesisCatecholaminesGlucose clamp technique
Type
Energy Metabolism
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 64 , Issue 2 , September 1990 , pp. 427 - 437
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1990

References

Acheson, K., Jequier, E. & Wahren, J. (1983). Influence of beta blockade on glucose induced thermogenesis in man. Journal of Clinical Investigation 72, 981–986.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Acheson, K., Ravussin, E., Wahren, J. & Jequier, E. (1984). Thermic effect of glucose in man. Obligatory and facultative thermogenesis. Journal of Clinical Investigation 74, 1572–1580.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Alban-Davies, H. J., McLean Baird, I., Fowler, J., Mills, I. H., Baille, J. E., Ratten, S. & Howard, A. N. (1989). Metabolic response to low- and very-low-calorie diets. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 49, 745–751.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andres, R., Zierler, K. I., Anderson, H. M., Stainsby, W. N., Cader, G., Ghrayyib, A. S. & Lilienthal, J. L. (1954). Measurement of blood flow and volume in the forearm of man; with notes on the theory of indicatordilution and on production of turbulence, haemolysis and vasodilation by intravascular injection. Journal of Clinical Investigation 33, 482–504.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Astrup, A., Bulow, J., Christensen, N. J., Madsen, J. & Quaade, F. (1987). Facultative thermogenesis induced by carbohydrate: a skeletal muscle component mediated by epinephrine. American Journal of Physiology 250, E226–E229.Google Scholar
Bjorkman, O. & Eriksson, L. S. (1985). Infuence of a 60 hour fast on insulin-mediated splanchnic and peripheral glucose metabolism in man. Journal of Clinical Investigation 76, 87–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brenner, B. M. (1986). Normal kidney function. In The Kidney, pp. 289–329 [Brenner, B. M. and Rictar, F. C., editors]. Philadelphia, USA: W. B. Saunders and Co.Google Scholar
Christensen, N. J. (1983). Acute effects of insulin on cardiovascular function and noradrenaline uptake and release. Diabetologia 25, 377–381.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dauncey, M. J. (1980). Metabolic effects of altering the 24 h energy intake in man, using direct and indirect calorimetry. British Journal of Nutrition 43, 257–269.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
DeFronzo, R. A., Jacot, E., Jequier, E., Maeder, E., Wahren, J. & Felber, J.-P. (1981). Effect of insulin on the disposal of intravenous glucose. Diabetes 30, 1000–1007.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
DeFronzo, R. A., Jordan, D., Tobin, J. D. & Andres, R. (1979). Glucose clamp technique: a method for quantifying insulin secretion and resistance. American Journal of Physiology 237, E214–E223.Google ScholarPubMed
DeFronzo, R. A., Soman, V., Sherwin, R. W., Hendler, R. & Felig, P. (1978). Insulin binding to monocytes and insulin action in human obesity, starvation and refeeding. Journal of Clinical Investigation 62, 204–212.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Elia, M., Zed, C., Neale, G. & Livesey, G. (1987). The energy cost of triglyceride-fatty acid recycling in non-obese subjects after an overnight fast and four days of starvation. Metabolism 36, 251–255.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fagan, T. A., Sawyer, P. R., Gourlay, L. A., Lee, J. T. & Gaffney, T. E. (1986). Post-prandial alteration in haemodynamics and blood pressure in normal subjects. American Journal of Cardiology 58, 636–641.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fellows, I. W. & Macdonald, I. A. (1985). An automated method for the measurement of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide excretion in man. Clinical Physics and Physiological Measurement 6, 349–355.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flatt, J. P. (1978). The biochemistry of energy expenditure. In Recent Advances in Obesity, vol. II, pp. 211–218 [Bray, G. A., editor]. London: Newman.Google Scholar
Frayn, K. N., Coppack, S. W., Humphreys, S. M. & Whyte, P. L. (1989). Metabolic characteristics of human adipose tissue in vivo. Clinical Science 76, 509–516.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gallen, I. W. & Macdonald, I. A. (1989 a). Mild hypoglycaemia reduces the energy cost of glucose storage in man. Diabetic Medicine 6, A7.Google Scholar
Gallen, I. W. & Macdonald, I. A. (1989 b). The effect of blood glucose concentration on cardiovascular system and plasma catecholamine responses to glucose and insulin infusion in man. Journal of Physiology 416, 27P.Google Scholar
Gallen, I. W., Macdonald, I. A. & Mansell, P. I. (1990). The effect of a 48 h fast on the physiological responses to food ingestion in normal weight women. British Journal of Nutrition 63, 53–64.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jung, R. T., Shetty, P. S., Barrand, M., Callingham, B. A. & James, W. P. T. (1979). Role of catecholamines in the hypotensive response to dieting. British Medical Journal i, 12–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Livesey, G. & Elia, M. (1988). Estimation of energy expenditure, net carbohydrate utilization, and net fat oxidation and synthesis by indirect calorimetry: evaluation of errors with special reference to the detailed composition of fuels. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 47, 608–628.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lloyd, B., Burin, J., Smythe, P. & Alberti, K. G. M. M. (1978). Enzymatic fluorometric continuous flow assays for blood glucose, pyruvate, alanine, glycerol and 3 hydroxy-butyrate. Clinical Chemistry 24, 1724–1729.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Macdonald, I. A. & Lake, D. M. (1985). An improved technique for extracting catecholamines from body fluids. Journal of Neuroscience Methods 13, 239–248.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McGuire, E. A. H., Helderman, J. H., Tobin, J. D., Andres, R. & Bergman, R. (1976). Effects of arterial versus venous sampling on glucose kinetics in man. Journal of Applied Physiology 41, 165–173.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mansell, P. I. & Macdonald, I. A. (1988). The effect of underfeeding on the physiological responses to food in normal weight women. British Journal of Nutrition 60, 39–48.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mansell, P. I. & Macdonald, I. A. (1989). Starvation reduces the rate of oxidation but not the rate of storage of infused glucose. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 48, 103A.Google Scholar
Newman, W. P. & Brodows, R. G. (1983). Insulin action in acute starvation: evidence for selective insulin resistance in normal man. Metabolism 32, 590–597.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rowe, J. W., Young, J. B., Minaker, K. L., Stevens, A. L., Pallota, J. & Landsberg, L. (1981). Effect of insulin and glucose infusions on sympathetic nervous system activity in normal man. Diabetes 30, 219–225.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scott, A. R., Bennett, T. & Macdonald, I. A. (1988). Effects of hyperinsulinaemia on the cardiovascular responses to graded hypovolaemia in normal and diabetic subjects. Clinical Science 75, 85–92.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Webb, P. (1986). 24 hour energy expenditure and the menstrual cycle. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 44, 614–619.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weir, J. B.de, V. (1949). New methods for calculating metabolic rate with special reference to protein metabolism. Journal of Physiology 109, 1–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Whitney, R. A. (1953). The measurement of volume changes in human limbs. Journal of Physiology 121, 1–27.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Young, J. B. & Landsberg, L. (1977). Suppression of the SNS during fasting. Science 196, 1473–1475.CrossRefGoogle Scholar