Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T02:25:50.219Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effects of high-energy feeding on energy balance and growth in infants with congenital heart disease and failure to thrive

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Mark Jackson  and
Elizabeth M. E. Poskttt
Mark Jackson
Affiliation:
Institute of Child Health, University of Liverpool, Royal Liverpool Childrens Hospital, Alder Hey, Eaton Road, Liverpool L12 2AP
Elizabeth M. E. Poskttt
Affiliation:
Institute of Child Health, University of Liverpool, Royal Liverpool Childrens Hospital, Alder Hey, Eaton Road, Liverpool L12 2AP
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Failure to thrive (FTT) in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) can be attributed to their low energy intakes and high resting energy expenditures. Energy intake, energy expenditure and growth were studied in infants with CHD on normal formula feeds and then on feeds supplemented with glucose polymer to see whether supplementation improved energy retention and growth. Mean gross energy intakes increased by 31.7% on high-energy feeding and mean weight gain improved from 1.3 g/kg per d on control to 5.8 g/kg per d on high-energy feeding. Resting oxygen consumption (νo2 ml/kg per min) was not significantly different on the two feeding regimens, although respiratory quotient rose on high-energy feeding reflecting the increased carbohydrate intake. Estimated energy costs of growth on high-energy feeding fell within the previously described range for normal infants. It is recommended that infants with CHD known to be associated with FTT are fed on high-energy diets from the time of diagnosis in order to optimize growth.

Keywords

Congenital heart diseaseEnergy balance in infancyFailure to thriveHigh-energy feeding
Type
Energy Balance
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 65 , Issue 2 , March 1991 , pp. 131 - 143
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1991

References

REFERENCES

Ashworth, A. & Millward, D. J. (1986). Catch up growth in children. Nutritional Reviews 44, 157–163.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baum, D., Beck, R., Kodama, A. & Brown, B. (1980). Early heart failure as a cause of growth and tissue disorders in children with congenital heart disease. Circulation 62, 1145–1151.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bell, E. F., Rios, G. R. & Wilmoth, P. K. (1986). Estimation of 24-hour energy expenditure from shorter measurement periods in premature infants. Pediatric Research 20, 646–649.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bougle, D., Iselin, M., Kahyat, A. & Duhamel, J.-F. (1986). Nutritional treatment of congenital heart disease. Archives of Disease in Childhood 61, 779–801.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brooke, O. G., Alvear, J. & Arnold, M. (1979). Energy retention, energy expenditure, and growth in healthy immature infants. Pediatric Research 13, 215–220.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brooke, O. G. & Ashworth, A. (1972). The influence of malnutrition on the postprandial metabolic rate and respiratory quotient. British Journal of Nutrition 27, 407–415.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cameron, N. (1984). The Measurement of Human Growth, pp. 56–99. Bristol: Croom Helm.Google Scholar
Cole, T. J. (1979). A method of assessing age-standardized weight-for-height in children seen cross sectionally. Annals of Human Biology 6, 249–268.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cotes, J. E. (1968). Lung Function: Assessment and Application in Medicine, pp. 36–37. London: Blackwell Scientific Publications.Google Scholar
Department of Health and Social Security (1979). Recommended Daily Amounts of Food Energy and Nutrients for Groups of People in the United Kingdom. Report on Social Subjects no. 15. London: H.M. Stationery Office.Google Scholar
Dobbing, J. (1981). Later development of the brain and its vulnerability. In Scientific Foundations of Paediatrics, 2nd ed, pp. 744–759 [J. Davis and Dobbing, J., editors]. London: William Heinemann.Google Scholar
Feldt, R. H., Strickler, G. B. & Weidman, W. H. (1969). Growth of children with congenital heart disease. American Journal of Diseases of Children 117, 573–579.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Freymond, D., Schutz, Y., Decombaz, J., Micheli, J.-L. & Jequier, E. (1986). Energy balance, physical activity and thermogenic effect of feeding in premature infants. Pediatric Research 20, 638–645.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heymfield, S. B. & Casper, K. (1989). Congestive heart failure: clinical management by use of continuous nasoenteric feeding. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 50, 539–544.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huse, D. M., Feldt, R. H., Nelson, R. A. & Novak, L. P. (1975). Infants with congenital heart disease. American Journal of Diseases of Children 129, 65–69.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Krauss, A. N. & Auld, P. A. M. (1975). Metabolic rate of neonates with congenital heart disease. Archives of Disease in Childhood 50, 539–541.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lees, M. H., Bristow, J. D., Griswold, H. E. & Olsmsted, R. W. (1965). Relative hypermetabolism in infants with congenital heart disease and undernutrition. Pediatrics 36, 183–191.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lentner, C. (1981). Energy expenditure. In Geigy Scientific Tables, vol. 1, Units of Measurement, Body Fluids, Composition of the Body, Nutrition, pp. 228–231. Basle: Ciba Geigy.Google Scholar
Lister, G., Hoffman, J. I. E. & Rudolph, A. M. (1974). Oxygen uptake in infants and children: a simple method for measurement. Pediatrics 53, 656–662.Google ScholarPubMed
Mehziri, A. & Drash, A. (1962). Growth disturbance in congenital heart disease. Journal of Pediatrics 61, 418–429.Google Scholar
Menahem, S. (1972). The clinical growth of infants and children with ventricular septal defects. Australian Paediatric Journal 8, 1–15.Google ScholarPubMed
Miller, D. S. & Payne, P. R. (1959). A ballistic bomb calorimeter. British Journal of Nutrition 13, 501–508.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Naeye, R. L. (1965). Organ and cellular development in congenital heart disease and in alimentary nutrition. Journal of Pediatrics 67, 447–458.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pittman, J. G. & Cohen, P. (1964). The pathogenesis of cardiac cachexia. New England Journal of Medicine 271, 403–409.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roberts, S. B., Savage, J., Coward, W. A., Chew, B. & Lucas, A. (1988). Energy expenditure and intake in infants born to lean and overweight mothers. New England Journal of Medicine 318, 461–466.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schultze, K., Stefanski, M., Masterson, J., Kashyap, S., Sanocka, U., Forsyth, M., Ramakrishnan, R. & Dell, R. (1986). An analysis of the variability in estimates of bioenergetic variables in preterm infants. Pediatric Research 20, 422–427.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stocker, F. P., Wilkoff, W., Miettinen, O. S. & Nadas, A. S. (1972). Oxygen consumption in infants with heart disease. Journal of Pediatrics 80, 43–51.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vaughan, V. C. III & Litt, I. F. (1987). Developmental pediatrics: growth and development. In Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, pp. 6–24 [Behrman, R. E. and Vaughan, V. C., editors]. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders and Co.Google Scholar
Yahav, J., Avigad, S., Frand, M., Shem-Tov, A., Barzilay, Z., Linn, S. & Jonas, A. (1985). Assessment of intestinal and cardiorespiratory function in children with congenital heart disease on high-caloric formulas. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 4, 778–785.Google ScholarPubMed