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Effects of bioactive substances in milk on mineral and trace element metabolism with special reference to casein phosphopeptides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Katharina E. Scholz-Ahrens  and
J. Schrezenmeir
Katharina E. Scholz-Ahrens*
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Federal Dairy Research Centre, 24103 Kiel, Germany
J. Schrezenmeir
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Federal Dairy Research Centre, 24103 Kiel, Germany
*
*Corresponding author: K. E. Scholz-Ahrens, fax +49 431 609 2472, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Bioactivity of phosphopeptides yielded after tryptic hydrolysis of casein (CPP) was reported more than 50 years ago when CPP were found to improve calcium balance in rachitic newborns. Several investigations have been carried out to study the effects of CPP mainly on calcium metabolism but also on other minerals like iron and zinc. Most of the experiments were in vitro studies or short-term experiments like the effects of CPP after single meals or their effect on mineral disappearance from intestinal everted sac or ligated loop. Investigations on calcium balance were also mainly short term, i.e. 3–4 weeks, and mainly done in rats. A few experiments have been carried out in minipigs, an animal model that is closer to the human than the rat. Studies in human were rare and short term. To date a variety of other peptides have been isolated after enzymatic hydrolysis, and some have been investigated for bioactivity, with equivocal findings. Bioactivity of phosphopeptides seemed to be more obvious when investigations were done in vitro or short term. Results were less clear in metabolic balance studies, especially under physiological conditions. The composition of the basal diet, i.e. content of calcium and phytate, or the protein source had a significant impact on the effect of phosphopeptides. It was concluded that phosphopeptides revealed positive effects on mineral solubility and absorbability, and bone mineralisation under certain experimental conditions. Accordingly they could have a beneficial effect on bone health for some groups of the population.

Keywords

PhosphopeptidesCalcium absorptionBone health
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 84 , Issue S1 , November 2000 , pp. 147 - 153
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2000

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