Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T14:28:33.307Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effects of acute and chronic administration of n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on ethanol-induced gastric haemorrhage in rats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

B. Hunter ,
G. S. A. McDonald  and
M. J. Gibney
B. Hunter
Affiliation:
Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine and Department of Pathology, Trinity College Medical School, St James' Hospital, Dublin 8, Republic of Ireland
G. S. A. McDonald
Affiliation:
Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine and Department of Pathology, Trinity College Medical School, St James' Hospital, Dublin 8, Republic of Ireland
M. J. Gibney
Affiliation:
Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine and Department of Pathology, Trinity College Medical School, St James' Hospital, Dublin 8, Republic of Ireland
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Female weanling rats in three equal groups (n 12) were given orally by intubation 1 ml micellar solution of taurocholic aicd (10 mM) and either arachidonic acid (20:4 n−6), linoleic acid (18:2 n−6) or eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 n−3) at a concentration of 120 mM. After 1 h the rats were given intragastrically 2 ml absolute ethanol and were killed 1 h later. Rats given oral 20:4 n−6 showed a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the extent (%) of gastric mucosal haemorrhage compared with either the rats given 20:5 n−3 or 18:2 n−6 (8.3 (SD 7.3), 23.2 (SD 10.4) and 21.4 (SD 10.4)) respectively. In a second experiment, four equal groups (n 12) of female Wistar rats were fed for 5 weeks on either a control diet of standard laboratory rat food, or the same diet enriched with either maize oil or fish oil or butterfat at a level of 100 g/kg. Following a 24 h fast the rats received an intragastric dose of 2 ml ethanol and were killed 1 h later. Examination of the extent (%) of gastric lesion showed a significant reduction (P < 0.05) with the feeding of either maize oil or fish oil compared with the controls (12.2 (SD 8.2), 15.3 (SD 13.2) and 29.3 (SD 14.0) respectively). The butterfat diet was not significantly different from the control diet (23.8 (SD 8.1)).

Keywords

Arachidonic acidFish oilGastric haemorrhage
Type
Effects of Unsaturated Fatty Acids on Ethanol Damage
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 67 , Issue 3 , May 1992 , pp. 501 - 507
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1992

References

REFERENCES

Bolton-Smith, C., Gibney, M. J., Gallagher, P. J., Jewell, R. & Hillier, K. (1988) Effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n-3 and n-6 series on lipid composition and eicosanoid synthesis of platelets and aorta and on immunological induction of atherosclerosis in rabbits. Atherosclerosis 72, 29–35.Google Scholar
Croft, K. D., Beilin, L. J., Vandongen, R. & Mathews, E. (1984) Dietary modification of fatty acid and prostaglandin synthesis in the rat. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 795, 196–207.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Endres, S., Ghorbani, R., Kelley, V. E., Georgillis, K., Lonnemann, G., van der Meer, J. W. M., Cannon, J. G., Rogers, T. S., Klempner, M. S., Weber, P. C., Schaefer, E. J., Wolff, S. M. & Dinarello, C. A. (1989) The effect of dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the synthesis of interleukin-1 and tumour necrosis factor by mononuclear cells. New England Journal of Medicine 320, 265–271.Google Scholar
Faust, T. W., Redfern, J. S., Podolsky, I., Lee, E., Grundy, S. M. & Feltman, M. (1989) Effects of aspirin on gastric mucosal prostaglandin E2 and F2α content and on gastric mucosal injury in humans receiving fish oil or olive oil. Gastroenterology 98, 586–591.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grant, H. W., Palmer, K. R., Kelly, R. W., Wilson, N. H. & Misiewiez, J. J. (1988) Dietary linoleic acid, gastric acid and prostaglandin secretion. Gastroenterology 94, 944–959.Google Scholar
Gronbech, J. E., Matre, K., Stangeland, L., Svanes, K. & Yarhaug, J. E. (1988) Gastric mucosal repair in the cat: role of the hyperemic response to mucosal damage. Gastroenterology 95, 311–320.Google Scholar
Guth, P. H., Paulsen, G. & Nagata, H. (1984) Histologic and microcirculatory changes in alcohol induced gastric lesions in the rat: effect of prostaglandin cytoprotection. Gastroenterology 87, 1083–1090.Google Scholar
Hawkey, C. J. & Rampton, D. S. (1985) Prostaglandins and the gastrointestinal mucosa: Are they important in its function, disease or treatment? Gastroenterology 89, 1162–1188.Google Scholar
Hollander, D., Tarnawski, A., Ivey, K. J., DeZeery, A., Zipser, R. D., McKensie, W. N. & McFarland, W. D. (1982) Arachidonic acid protection of rat gastric mucosa against ethanol injury. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 100, 7151–7154.Google ScholarPubMed
Kearney, J., Kennedy, N. P., Keeling, P. W. N., Keating, J. J., Grubb, L., Kennedy, M. K. & Gibney, M. J. (1989) Dietary intakes and adipose tissue levels of linoleic acid in peptic ulcer disease. British Journal of Nutrition 62, 699–706.Google Scholar
Knapp, H. R., Reilly, I. A. G., Alessandrini, P. & Fitzgerald, G. A. (1986) In vivo indexes of platelet and vascular function during fish oil administration in patients with atherosclerosis. New England Journal of Medicine 314, 937–942.Google Scholar
Leung, F. W. (1988) Fish oil protection against absolute ethanol induced gastric injury. Gastroenterology 94, A257.Google Scholar
Miller, T. A. & Jacobson, E. D. (1979) Progress report: Gastrointestinal cytoprotection by prostaglandins. Gut 20, 75–87.Google Scholar
Mosnier, P., Delasalle, P., Metta, C., Rayssiguier, Y. & Bommelaer, G. (1990) Effects of dietary fish oil on gastric surfactant fluidity protection against ethanol induced gastric mucosal injury in rats. Gastroenterology, 98, A423.Google Scholar
Oates, P. J. & Hakkinen, J. P. (1988) Studies on the mechanism of ethanol-induced gastric damage in rats. Gastroenterology 94, 10–21.Google Scholar
Robert, A. (1979) Cytoprotection by prostaglandins. Gastroenterology 77, 761–767.Google Scholar
Robert, A., Nezamis, J. E., Lancaster, C. & Hanchar, J. (1979) Cytoprotection by prostaglandins in rats. Gastroenterology 77, 433–443.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schepp, W., Steffen, B., Ruoff, H. J., Schusdziarra, V. & Classen, M. (1988) Modulation of rat gastric mucosal prostaglandin E2 release by dietary linoleic acid: Effects on gastric acid secretion and stress induced mucosal damage. Gastroenterology 95, 18–25.Google Scholar
Szabo, S., Trier, J. S., Brown, A. & Schnoor, J. (1985) Early vascular injury and increased vascular permeability in gastric mucosal injury caused by ethanol in the rat. Gastroenterology 88, 228–236.Google Scholar
Tarnawski, A., Brzozowski, T., Sarfeh, J., Krause, W. J., Ulich, T. R., Gergely, H. & Hollander, D. (1988) Prostaglandin protection of human isolated gastric glands against indomethacin and ethanol injury. Journal of Clinical Investigation 81, 1081–1089.Google Scholar
Tarnawski, A., Hollander, D., Krause, W. J., Stachura, J., Zipser, R. D., Gegely, H. & Dadufalza, V. (1985) Is linoleic acid (dietary essential fatty acid-EFA) cytoprotective for the gastric mucosa? Gastroenterology 88, 1610.Google Scholar