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Effect of different nutrients on blood glucose, inflammatory response and oxidative stress in gestational diabetes mellitus: a network meta-analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 January 2024

Lingling Yu Open the ORCID record for Lingling Yu [Opens in a new window] ,
Yuan Zhu ,
Lan Geng ,
Yueming Xu  and
Mei Zhao
Lingling Yu
Affiliation:
School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
Yuan Zhu
Affiliation:
School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
Lan Geng
Affiliation:
School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
Yueming Xu
Affiliation:
School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
Mei Zhao*
Affiliation:
School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
*
*Corresponding author: Mei Zhao, email zhaomei@ahmu.edu.cn
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Abstract

We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, The Cochrane Library, China Biomedical Literature Database and other databases from inception to June 2023. The included studies were randomised controlled trials (RCT). The studies were screened by four authors, divided into two independent pairs. A total of eighteen studies were included, including 1362 patients, involving twelve intervention measures. The different nutrients had a significant effect on improving blood glucose, reducing inflammation levels and reducing oxidative stress compared with placebo (P < 0.05). Cumulative probability ranking showed that vitamin A + vitamin D + vitamin E ranked first in lowering fasting blood glucose (standardised mean difference (SMD) = 41.30, 95 % CI (2.07, 825.60)) and postprandial 2-h blood glucose (SMD = 15.19, 95 % CI (4.16, 55.53)). In terms of insulin resistance index, the first highest probability ranking is vitamin D (SMD = 5.12, 95 % CI (0.76, 34.54)). In terms of reducing the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level, the first in probability ranking is VE (SMD = 2.58, 95 % CI (1.87,3.55)). The results of cumulative probability ranking showed that Mg + Zn + Ca + VD ranked first in reducing TNF-α (SMD = 1.90, 95% CI (0.40, 9.08)) and IL-6 (SMD = 1.83, 95 % CI (0.37, 9.12)). In terms of reducing malondialdehyde levels, the first ranked probability is VB1 (SMD = 4.99, 95 % CI (1.85, 13.46)). Cumulative probability ranking results showed that Ca + VD ranked first in reducing total antioxidant capacity (SMD = 0.66,95 % CI (0.38, 1.15)) and glutathione (SMD = 1.39, 95 % CI (0.43, 4.56)). In conclusion, nutritional interventions have significant effects on improving blood glucose, inflammatory levels and oxidative stress in patients with gestational diabetes. Due to the high uncertainty in the results and differences in the number and quality of studies included, the reliability of the conclusions still needs to be validated by conducting large-sample, high-quality RCT studies.

Keywords

NutrientsGestational diabetesBlood sugarInflammatory responseOxidative stressNetwork meta-analysisRandomised controlled trial
Type
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 131 , Issue 9 , 14 May 2024 , pp. 1513 - 1527
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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