Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2brh9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T23:19:23.198Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of condensed tannins in hulls of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) on the activities of trypsin (EC 2.4.21.4) and chymotrypsin (EC 2.4.21.1) in digesta collected from the small intestine of pigs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 March 2008

A. J. M. Jansman ,
H. Enting ,
M. W. A. Verstegen  and
J. Huisman
A. J. M. Jansman
Affiliation:
Agricultural University, Department of Animal Nutrition, Haagsteeg 4, 6708 PM Wageningen, The Netherlands TNO Nutrition and Food Research Institute, Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology (ILOB), P.O. Box 15, 6700 A A Wageningen, The Netherlands
H. Enting
Affiliation:
Agricultural University, Department of Animal Nutrition, Haagsteeg 4, 6708 PM Wageningen, The Netherlands
M. W. A. Verstegen
Affiliation:
Agricultural University, Department of Animal Nutrition, Haagsteeg 4, 6708 PM Wageningen, The Netherlands
J. Huisman
Affiliation:
TNO Nutrition and Food Research Institute, Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology (ILOB), P.O. Box 15, 6700 A A Wageningen, The Netherlands
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The effects of condensed tannins in hulls of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) on the activities of trypsin (EC3.4.21.4) and chymotrypsin (EC3.4.21.1) in digesta obtained from the small intestine of pigs were studied. Using four castrated male pigs (mean body weight 83 kg) fitted with both a simple T-cannuIa in the duodenum and a post-valvular T-cannula at the terminal ileum, two experimental diets were tested in a Latin square design. The low-tannin diet (LT) contained 200 g faba bean hulls (cv. Blandine)/kg with a low content of condensed tannins (< 0.1 % catechin equivalents). The high-tannin diet (HT) contained 200 g faba bean hulls (cv. Alfred)/kg with a content of condensed tannins of 3.5 % catechin equivalents. Spot samples of fresh duodenal digesta were taken daily at fifteen time points between 08.00 and 20.00 hours on four consecutive days. Ileal digesta were collected nearly quantitatively on the same days between 08.00 and 20.00 hours over periods of 2 h. Trypsin and chymotrypsin activities in duodenal digesta did not differ between treatments at any time point (P > 0.05). In ileal digesta of pigs given diet HT the mean activity of trypsin was reduced (P < 0.05). The activity of chymotrypsin in ileal digesta did not differ between treatments. Trypsin activity: chymotrypsin activity was somewhat lower in ileal digesta of pigs receiving the HT diet (P < 0.10). The apparent ileal digestibility of crude protein (N × 6.25) was lower for the HT than for the LT diet (0.614 v. 0.728; P < 0.05). Condensed tannins are probably responsible for the lower activity of trypsin in ileal digesta of pigs fed on high-tannin faba bean hulls. Various explanations for the absence of effects of condensed tannins on enzyme activity in duodenal digesta are discussed.

Keywords

Condensed tanninsTrypsinChymotrypsinPigs
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 71 , Issue 4 , April 1994 , pp. 627 - 641
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1994

References

REFERENCES

Abbey, B. W., Norton, G. & Neale, R. J. (1979). Effects of dietary proteinase inhibitors from field bean (Viciu faba L.) and field-ban meal on pancreatic function of the rat. British Journal of Nutrition 41, 39–45.Google Scholar
Asquith, T. N. & Butler, L. G. (1986). Interactions of condensed tannins with selected proteins. Phptochemistry 25, 1591–1593.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bergmeyer, H. U. (1974). Methoden der Enzymtischen Analyst (Methods of Enzymatic Analysis), 3rd ed.Weinheim: Verlag Chemie.Google Scholar
Blytt, H. J., Guscar, T. K. & Butler, L. G. (1988). Antinutritional effects and ecological significance of dietary condensed tannins may not be due to binding and inhibiting digestive enzymes. Journal of Chemical Ecology 14, 1455–1465.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bos, K. D. & Jetten, J. (1989). Determination of tannins in faba beans. In Recent Advances of Research in Antinutritional Factors in Legume Seeds, pp. 285–296 [Huisman, J., van der Poel, A. F. B., and Liener, I. E., editors]. Wageningen, The Netherlands: PUDOC.Google Scholar
Braude, R., Fulford, R. J. & Low, A. G. (1976). Studies on digestion and absorption in the intestines of growing pigs. Measurements of the Row of digesta and pH. British Journal of Nutrition 36, 497–511.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Butler, L. G. (1989). Sorghum polyphenols. In Toxicants of Plant Origin: IV. Phenolics, pp. 95–121 [Cheeke, P. R., editor]. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press.Google Scholar
Cerning, J., Saposnik, A & Guilbot, A. (1975). Carbohydrate composition of horse beans (Vicia fuba) of different origins. Cereal Chemisfry 52, 125–138.Google Scholar
Corring, T., Aumaitre, A & Rérat, A. (1972). Fistulation permanente du pancréas exocrine chez le porc application: riponse de la sécrétion pancréatique au repas (Permanent pancreatic fistulation in the pig: secretory response to meal ingestion). Annales de Biologie Animale, Biochimie, Biophysique 12, 109–124.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corring, T & Saucier, R. (1972). Sécrétion pancréatique sur porcs fistulés. Adaption à la teneur en protéins do régime (Pancreatic secretion of the fistnlated pig. Adaptation to protein content in the diet). Annales de Biologie Animale, Biochimie, Biophysique 12, 233–241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fowler, V. R. (1980). The value of field beans (Vicia faba L.) and other legume seeds for the feeding of pigs. In Vicia faba: Feeding Value, Processing and Viruses, pp. 31–43 [Bond, D. A., editor]. The Hague, The Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff.Google Scholar
Griffiths, D. W. (1980). The role of field bean polyphenolics in digestive enzyme inhibition. In Vicia faba: Feeding Value, Processing and Viruses, pp. 145–157 [Bond, D. A., editor]. The Hague, The Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff.Google Scholar
Griffiths, D. W. (1981). The polyphenolic content and enzyme inhibiting activity of testa from bean (Vicia faba) and pea (Pisum spp.) varieties. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 32, 797–804.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Griffiths, D. W. (1984). The inhibition of digestive enzymes by polyphenolic compounds. In Nutritional and Toxicological Aspects of Food Safety, pp. 509–517 [Friedman, M., editor]. New York: Plenum Press.Google Scholar
Griffiths, D. W. & Jones, D. I. H. (1977). Cellulase inhibition by tannins in the testa of field beans (Vicia fuba). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 28, 983–989.Google Scholar
Griffiths, D. W. & Moseley, G. (1980). The effect of diets containing field beans of high or low polyphenolic content on the activity of digestive enzymes in the intestines of rats. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 31, 255–259.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hagerman, A. E. & Butler, L. G. (1978). Protein precipitation method for the quantitative determination of tannins. Jouriial of the Science of Food and Agriculture 26, 809–812.Google Scholar
Hee, J. H., Sauer, W. C., Berzins, R. & Ozimek, L. (1985). Permanent re-entrant diversion of porcine pancreatic secretions. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 65, 451–457.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horigome, T., Kumar, R. & Okamoto, K. (1988). Effects of condensed tannins prepared from leaves of fodder plants on digestive enzymes ir vitro and in the intestine of rats. British Journal of Nutrition 60, 275–285.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Isaksson, G., Lundquist, I & Ihse, I. (1982). Effect of dietary fiber on pancreatic enzyme activity in vitro. Gastroenterology 82, 918–924.Google Scholar
Jansman, A. J. M., Verstegen, M. W. A. & Huisman, J. (1993). Effects of dietary inclusion of hulls of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) with a low and high tannin content of condensed tannins on digestion and some physiological parameters in piglets. Animal Feed Science and Technology 43, 239–257.Google Scholar
Jones, W. T. & Mangan, J. L. (1977). Complexes of the condensed tannin of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) with fraction 1 leaf protein and with sub-maxillary mucoprotein and their reversal by polyethylene glycol and pH. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 28, 126–136.Google Scholar
KöHler, T., Verstegen, M. W. A., Mosenthin, R., Wensing, T., den Hartog, L. A. & Huisman, J. (1992). Effect of ileo-rectal anastomosis and post-valve T-caecum cannulation on growing pigs. British Jourrial of Nutrition 68, 305–315.Google Scholar
Kuhla, S. & Ebmeier, C. (1981). Untersuchungen zum Tanningehalt in Ackerbohnen (Determination of the tannin content of faba beans). Archiv fur Tierernährung 33, 47–56.Google Scholar
Lacassagne, L., Francesch, M., Carré, B. & Melcion, J. P. (1988). Utilization of tannin-containing and tannin-free faba beans (Vicia faba) by young chicks: effects of pelleting feeds on energy, protein and starch digestibility. Animal Feed Science and Technology 20, 59–68.Google Scholar
Leinmüller, E. & Menke, K. H. (1990). Tannine in Füttermitteln fur Wiederkäuer, I. Chemische Eigenschaften and Reaktionen mit Macfomolekülen (Tannins in feedstuffs for ruminants. I. Chemical properties and reactions with macromolecules). Übersicht der Tierernährung 18, 91–114.Google Scholar
Longstaff, M. & McNab, J. M. (1991). The inhibitory effects of hull polysaccharides and tannins of field beans (Vicia fiiba L.) on the digestion of amino acids, starch and lipid and on digestive enzyme activities in young chicks. Brirish Journal of Nutriiion 65, 199–216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Low, A. G. (1979). Studies on digestion and absorption in the intestines of growing pigs. 6. Measurements of the flow of nitrogen. British Journal of Nutrition 41, 137–146.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Low, A. G. (1982). The activity of pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin during 24 h periods in the small intestine of growing pigs. British Journal of Nutrition 48, 147–159.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Low, A. G., Partridge, I. G. & Sambrook, I. E. (1978). Studies on digestion and absorption in the intestines of growing pigs. 2. Measurements of the flow of dry matter, ash and water. British Journal of Nutririon 39, 515–526.Google Scholar
Marquardt, R. R. (1989). Dietary effects of tannins, vicine and convicine. In Recent Advances of Research in Antinutritional Factors in Legume Seeds, pp. 141–155 [Huisman, J.van der Poel, A. F. B. and Liener, I. E., editors]. Wageningen, The Netherlands: PUDOC.Google Scholar
Marquardt, R. R. & Bell, J. M. (1988). Future potential for use of pulse crops in animal feeds. In World Crops: Cool Season Food Legumes, pp. 421–444 [Summerfield, R. J., editor]. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff/Dr W. Junk Publishers.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marquardt, R. R., Campbell, L. D., Stothers, S. C. & McKirdy, J. A. (1974). Growth response of chicks and rats fed diets containing four cultivars of raw and autoclaved faba beans. Canadian Journal of Anima1 Science 54, 177–182.Google Scholar
Marquardt, R. R., Ward, A. T., Campbell, L. D. & Cansfield, P. E. (1977). purification and characterization of a growth inhibitor in faba beans (Vicia faba L. var minor). Journal of Nutrition 107, 1313–1324.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin-Tanguy, J., Guillaume, J. & Kossa, A. (1977). Condensed tannins in horse bean seeds: chemical structure and apparent effects on poultry. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 28, 757–765.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mole, S. & Waterman, P. G. (1987). A critical analysis of techniques for measuring tannins in ecological studies. II. Techniques for biochemically defining tannins. Oecologia 72, 148–156.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moseley, G. & Griffiths, D. W. (1979). Varietal variation in the anti-nutritive effects of field beans (Vicin fuba) when fed to rats. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 30, 772–778.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mosenthin, R. & Sauer, W. C. (1991). The effect of source of fiber on pancreatic secretions and on amino acid digestibility in the pig. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 65, 45–52.Google Scholar
Newton, S. D. & Hill, G. D. (1983). The composition and nutritive value of field beans. Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews, Series B 53, 99–115.Google Scholar
Oh, H. I. & Hoff, J. E. (1986). Effect of condensed grape tannins on the in vitro activity of digestive proteases and activation of their zymogens. Journal of Food Science 51, 577–580.Google Scholar
Partridge, I. G., Low, A. G., Sambrook, I. E. & Corring, T. (1982). The influence of diet on the exocrine pancreatic secretion of growing pigs. British Journal of Nutrition 48, 137–145.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rinderknecht, H. (1986). Pancreatic secretory enzymes. In The Exocrine Pancreas: Biology, Pathobiology, and Diseuses, pp. 163–183 [Go, V. L. W., editor]. New York: Raven Press.Google Scholar
Salunkhe, D. K., Chavan, J. K. & Kadam, S. S. (1990). Nutritional consequences of dietary tannins. In Dietary Tannins: Consequences and Remedies, pp. 113–146 [Salunkhe, D. K.Chavan, J. K. and Kadam, S. S., editors]. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press.Google Scholar
Sambrook, I. E. (1981). Studies on the flow and composition of bile in growing pigs. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 32, 781–791.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schneeman, B. O. (1978). Effect of plant fiber on lipase, trypsin and chymotrypsin activity. Journal of Food Science 43, 633–634.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Statistical Analysis Systems (1990). Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.Google Scholar
Thacker, P. A. & Bowland, J. P. (1985). Faba beans: an alternative protein supplement for use in pig diets. Pig News and Information 6, 25–30.Google Scholar
van Leeuwen, P., van Kleef, D. J., van Kempen, G. J. M., Huisman, J & Verstegen, M. W. A. (1991). The post valve T-caecum cannulation technique in pigs applied to determine the digestibility of amino acids in maize, groundnut and sunflower meal. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 65, 183–193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Oort, M. G., Hamer, R. J. & Slager, E. A. (1989). The trypsin inhibitor assay: improvement of an existing method. In Recent Advances of Research in Antinutritional Factors in Legume Seeds, pp. 110–113 [Huisman, J.van der Poel, A. F. B. and Liener, J. E., editors]. Wageningen, The Netherlands: PUDOC.Google Scholar
Walsh, K. A. & Wilcox, P. E. (1970). Serine proteases. In Methods in Enzymology. Volume XIX. Proteolytic Enzymes, pp, 31–112 [Perlmenn, G. E. and Lorand, L., editors]. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Ward, A. T., Marquardt, R. R. & Campbell, L. D. (1977). Further studies on the isolation of the therrnolabile growth inhibitor from the fdba bean (Vicia.fuba L. var. minor). Journal of Nutrition 107, 1325–1334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yuste, P., Longstaff, M. & McCorquodale, C. (1992). The effect of proanthocyanidin-rich hulls and proanthocyanidin extracts from bean (Viciafaba L.) hulls on nutrient digestibility and digestive enzyme activities in young chicks. British Journal of Nutrition 67, 51–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zebrowska, T., Low, A. G. & Zebrowska, H. (1983). Studies on gastric digestion of protein and carbohydrate, gastric secretion and exocrine pancreatic secretion in the growing pig. British Journal of Nutrizion 49, 401–410.Google Scholar