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Diabetes and life-styles: role of physical exercise for primary prevention

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Yuzo Sato
Yuzo Sato*
Affiliation:
Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 461-8601, Japan
*
*Corresponding author: Yuzo Sato, tel 81-52-789-3962, fax 81-52-789-3957, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Regular physical exercise has been known to be beneficial in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Epidemiological studies of physical exercise: previous non-randomized studies suggested that a life-style intervention program involving diet and/or exercise reduced the progression of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) to type 2 diabetes. Recent randomized controlled intervention trials also showed that diet and/or exercise intervention led to a significant decrease in the incidence of diabetes among those with IGT. Endocrinological and metabolic effects of exercise: in well controlled diabetic patients, physical exercise promotes utilization of blood glucose and lowers blood glucose levels. On the other hand, in poorly controlled diabetic patients with ketosis, physical exercise results in further rises in blood glucose, free fatty acids and ketone body concentrations. Long-term gentle regular jogging increases insulin action in respect of both carbohydrate and lipid metabolism despite no influence on body mass index or maximal oxygen uptake. A significant correlation was observed between DMCR (insulin sensitivity) and average daily steps (P < 0.005) Our recent data suggested that the improvement of insulin action by physical exercise was attributed, at least in part, to the increase in insulin-sensitive GLUT4 (glucose transporter 4) on the plasma membrane in skeletal muscle. In conclusion, as an adjunct to other forms of therapy, mild regular physical exercise will play an important role in primarily preventing type 2 diabetes.

Keywords

Type 2 diabetesPrimary preventionPhysical exerciseInsulin sensitivityGLUT4
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 84 , Issue S2 , December 2000 , pp. S187 - S190
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2000

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