Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-18T18:09:53.285Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Daily intake of a formulated tomato drink affects carotenoid plasma and lymphocyte concentrations and improves cellular antioxidant protection

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

Marisa Porrini ,
Patrizia Riso ,
Antonella Brusamolino ,
Cristiana Berti ,
Serena Guarnieri  and
Francesco Visioli
Marisa Porrini
Affiliation:
Department of Food Science and Technology, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Patrizia Riso*
Affiliation:
Department of Food Science and Technology, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Antonella Brusamolino
Affiliation:
Department of Food Science and Technology, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Cristiana Berti
Affiliation:
Department of Food Science and Technology, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Serena Guarnieri
Affiliation:
Department of Food Science and Technology, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Francesco Visioli
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
*
*Corresponding author: Dr P. Riso, fax +39 02 50316600, email [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The salutary characteristics of the tomato are normally related to its content of carotenoids, especially lycopene, and other antioxidants. Our purpose was to verify whether the daily intake of a beverage prototype called Lyc-o-Mato® containing a natural tomato extract (Lyc-o-Mato® oleoresin 6 %) was able to modify plasma and lymphocyte carotenoid concentrations, particularly those of lycopene, phytoene, phytofluene and β-carotene, and to evaluate whether this intake was sufficient to improve protection against DNA damage in lymphocytes. In a double-blind, cross-over study, twenty-six healthy subjects consumed 250 ml of the drink daily, providing about 6 mg lycopene, 4 mg phytoene, 3 mg phytofluene, 1 mg β-carotene and 1·8 mg α-tocopherol, or a placebo drink. Treatments were separated by a wash-out period. Plasma and lymphocyte carotenoid and α-tocopherol concentrations were determined by HPLC, and DNA damage by the comet assay. After 26 d of consumption of the drink, plasma carotenoid levels increased significantly: concentrations of lycopene were 1·7-fold higher (P<0·0001); of phytofluene were 1·6-fold higher (P<0·0001); of phytoene were doubled (P<0·0005); of β-carotene were 1·3-fold higher (P<0·05). Lymphocyte carotenoid concentrations also increased significantly: that of lycopene doubled (P<0·001); that of phytofluene was 1·8-fold higher (P<0·005); that of phytoene was 2·6-fold higher (P<0·005); that of β-carotene was 1·5-fold higher (P<0·01) In contrast, the α-tocopherol concentration remained nearly constant. The intake of the tomato drink significantly reduced (by about 42 %) DNA damage (P<0·0001) in lymphocytes subjected to oxidative stress. In conclusion, the present study supports the fact that a low intake of carotenoids from tomato products improves cell antioxidant protection.

Keywords

LycopenePhytoenePhytoflueneTomato drinkDNA damageLymphocytes
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 93 , Issue 1 , January 2005 , pp. 93 - 99
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2005

References

Allen, CM, Schwartz, SJ, Craft, NE, Giovannucci, EL, De Groff, VL & Clinton, SK (2003) Changes in plasma and oral mucosal lycopene isomer concentrations in healthy adults consuming standard servings of processed tomato products. Nutr Cancer 47, 48–56.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beecher, G (1998) Nutrient content of tomatoes and tomato products. PSEBM 218, 98–100.Google ScholarPubMed
Böhm, V & Bitsch, R (1999) Intestinal absorption of lycopene from different matrices and interactions to other carotenoids, the lipids status, and the antioxidant capacity of human plasma. Eur J Nutr 38, 118–125.Google ScholarPubMed
Bowen, P, Chen, L, Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis, M, Duncan, C, Sharifi, R, Ghosh, I, Kim, HS, Christov-Tzelkov, K & van Breemen, R (2002) Tomato sauce supplementation and prostate cancer: lycopene accumulation and modulation of biomarkers of carcinogenesis. Exp Biol Med 227, 886–893.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davies, BH (1976) Carotenoids. In Chemistry and Biochemistry of Plant Pigments, pp. 38–165 [Goodwin, TW, editors]. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Edwards, A, Vinyard, BT, Wiley, ER, Brown, ED, Collins, JK, Perkins-Veazie, P, Baker, RP & Clevidence, BA (2003) Consumption of watermelon juice increases plasma concentrations of lycopene and β-carotene in humans. J Nutr 133, 1043–1050.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gerber, M, Amiot, MJ, Offord, E & Rock, E (2001) The relationship between tomatoes and their constituents, and diseases. In The White Book on Antioxidants in Tomatoes and Tomato Products and their Health Benefits. European-funded concerted action (FAIR CT 97-3233), Role and Control of Antioxidants in the Tomato Processing Industry. 2nd rev. ed. pp. 4–19 [Bilton, R, Gerber, M, Grolier, P and Leoni, C, editors]. Avignon Cedex: CMTI Sarl.Google Scholar
Hoppe, PP, Krämer, K, van den Berg, H, Steenge, G & Van Vliet, T (2003) Synthetic and tomato-based lycopene have identical bioavailability in humans. Eur J Nutr 42, 272–278.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johnson, EJ (1998) Human studies on bioavailability and plasma response of lycopene. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 218, 115–120.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Khachik, F, Carvalho, L, Bernstein, PS, Muir, GJ, Zhao, DY & Katz, NB (2002) Chemistry, distribution, and metabolism of tomato carotenoids and their impact on human health. Exp Biol Med 227, 845–851.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kucuk, O, Sarkar, FH, Dyuric, Z, Sakr, W, Pollak, MN, Khachic, F, Banejree, M, Bertram, JS & Wood, DP Jr (2002) Effects of lycopene supplementation in patients with localized prostate cancer. Exp Biol Med 227, 881–885.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Law, MR & Morris, JK (1998) By how much does fruit and vegetable consumption reduce the risk of ischaemic heart disease? Eur J Clin Nutr 52, 549–556.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lehucher-Michel, MP, Lesgards, JF, Delubac, O, Stocker, P, Durand, P & Prost, P (2001) Oxidative stress and human disease. Current knowledge and perspectives for prevention. Presse Med 30, 1076–1081.Google ScholarPubMed
Müller, H (1997) Determination of the carotenoid content in selected vegetables and fruit by HPLC and photodiode array detection. Z Lebensm Unters Forsch A 204, 88–94.Google Scholar
Müller, H, Bub, A, Watzl, B & Rechkemmer, G (1999) Plasma concentrations of carotenoids in healthy volunteers after intervention with carotenoid-rich foods. Eur J Nutr 38, 35–44.Google ScholarPubMed
Ness, AR & Powles, JW (1997) Fruit and vegetables, and cardiovascular disease: a review. Int J Epidemiol 26, 1–13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Olmedilla, B, Granado, F, Blanco, I & Gil-Martinez, E (1998) Carotenoid content in fruit and vegetables and its relevance to human health: some of the factors involved. Recent Res Dev Agric Food Chem 2, 57–70.Google Scholar
Paetau, I, Khachik, F, Brown, ED, Beecher, GR, Kramer, TR, Chittams, J & Clevidence, BA (1998) Chronic ingestion of lycopene-rich tomato juice or lycopene supplements significantly increases plasma concentrations lycopene and related tomato carotenoids in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 68, 1187–1195.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Paetau, I, Rao, D, Wiley, ER, Brown, ED & Clevidence, BA (1999) Carotenoids in human buccal mucosa cells after 4 weeks of supplementation with tomato juice or lycopene supplements. Am J Clin Nutr 70, 490–494.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Porrini, M & Riso, P (2000) Lymphocyte lycopene concentration and DNA protection from oxidative damage is increased in women after a short period of tomato consumption. J Nutr 130, 189–192.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rao, AV & Agarwal, S (1998) Bioavailability and in vivo antioxidant properties of lycopene from tomato products and their possible role in the prevention of cancer. Nutr Cancer 31, 199–203.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rao, AV & Agarwal, S (1999) Role of lycopene as antioxidant carotenoid in the prevention of chronic diseases: a review. Nutr Res 19, 305–323.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rao, AV & Shen, H (2002) Effect of low dose lycopene intake on lycopene bioavailability and oxidative stress. Nutr Res 22, 1125–1131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richelle, M, Bortlik, K, Liardet, S, Hager, C, Lambelet, P, Baur, M, Applegate, LA & Offord, EA (2002) A food-based formulation provides lycopene with the same bioavailability to humans as that from tomato paste. J Nutr 132, 404–408.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Riso, P & Porrini, M (2001) Tomatoes and health promotion. In Vegetables, Fruits and Herbs in Health Promotion, 45–63 [Watson, RR, editors]. Boca Raton: CRC Press.Google Scholar
Riso, P, Pinder, A, Santangelo, A & Porrini, M (1999) Does tomato consumption effectively increase the resistance of lymphocyte DNA to oxidative damage? Am J Clin Nutr 69, 712–718.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Riso, P, Visioli, F, Erba, D, Testolin, G & Porrini, M (2004)Lycopene and vitamin C concentrations increase in plasma and lymphocytes after tomato intake. Effects on cellular antioxidant protection. Eur J Clin Nutr, online publication 31 March 2004.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stahl, W & Sies, H (1992) Uptake of lycopene and its geometrical isomers is greater from heat processed than from unprocessed tomato juice in humans. J Nutr 122, 2161–2166.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Steck, SE, Madden, M, Samet, J & Arab, L (2000) The prevention of ozone-induced DNA damage in human lung epithelial cells by dietary antioxidants. Fed Am Soc Exp Biol J 14, 4.Google Scholar
Steck, SE, Madden, M, Samet, J & Kohlmeier, L (1999) Effect of ozone exposure and antioxidant supplementation on DNA damage in human blood leukocytes. Fed Am Soc Exp Biol J 13, 14.Google Scholar
Walfisch, Y, Walfisch, J & Agbaria, R, Levy, J, Sharoni, Y (2003) Lycopene in serum, skin and adipose tissues after tomato–oleoresin supplementation in patients undergoing haemorrhoidectomy or peri-anal fistulotomy. Brit J Nutr 90, 759–766.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Werman, MJ, Mokady, S & Ben-Amotz, A (2002) Bioavailability of the isomer mixture of phytoene and phytofluene-rich alga Dunaliella bardawil in rat plasma and tissues. J Nutr Biochem 13, 585–591.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed