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Comparison of the ileal and faecal digestibility of dietary amino acids in adult humans and evaluation of the pig as a model animal for digestion studies in man

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Angela M. Rowan ,
P. J. Moughan ,
M. N. Wilson ,
K. Maher  and
C. Tasman-Jones
Angela M. Rowan
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Massey University, Palmerston North. New Zealand
P. J. Moughan
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Massey University, Palmerston North. New Zealand
M. N. Wilson
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Massey University, Palmerston North. New Zealand
K. Maher
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Auckland University, New Zealand
C. Tasman-Jones
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Auckland University, New Zealand
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Abstract

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The aim of the study was to determine if there is a difference between ileal and faecal assays for determining amino acid and N digestibilities in adult human subjects. Comparison of true ileal amino acid and N digestibilities was also made between adult human subjects and growing pigs to establish the usefulness of the pig as a model animal. Five subjects with established ileostomies and six subjects with intact large bowels consumed a constant diet consisting of meat, vegetables, fruit, bread and dairy products for 7 d with collection of ileostomy contents or faeces respectively over the last 4 d. The study was repeated using 25 kg body weight ileostomized and intact pigs. Apparent amino acid and N digestibility coefficients were determined. For human subjects the faecal digestibility values were significantly higher (P < 0·05) than the ileal values for Arg, Asp, Gly, Phe, Pro, Ser, Thr and Trp. The faecal digestibility of Met was significantly lower than the ileal value. Determination of DNA, diaminopimelic acid (DAPA) and the digestibilities of pectin, hemicellulose and cellulose in human subjects indicated that some microbial colonization had occurred at the terminal ileum after formation of an ileostomy; however, this was not as extensive as in the large intestine. True ileal amino acid and N digestibilities were calculated after correcting for the endogenous contribution of amino acids at the terminal ileum determined using a protein-free diet. There were no significant differences between adult human subjects and pigs for true ileal dietary amino acid digestibility except for Thr, Phe, Cys and Met. There were no significant differences between adult humans and pigs for the ileal digestibility of dry matter and the faecal digestibility of gross energy.

Keywords

Amino acid digestibilityPigMan
Type
Amino acid digestion in the pig and adult human
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 71 , Issue 1 , January 1994 , pp. 29 - 42
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1994

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