Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2plfb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-01T01:48:21.707Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Bovine milk antibodies for health

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Hannu Korhonen ,
P. Marnila  and
H. S. Gill
Hannu Korhonen*
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Centre of Finland, Food Research, FIN-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
P. Marnila
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Centre of Finland, Food Research, FIN-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
H. S. Gill
Affiliation:
Milk and Health Research Centre, Massey University and New Zealand Dairy Research Institute, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
*
*Corresponding author: Hannu Korhonen, fax +358 3 4188 3244, email [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The immunoglobulins of bovine colostrum provide the major antimicrobial protection against microbial infections and confer a passive immunity to the newborn calf until its own immune system matures. The concentration in colostrum of specific antibodies against pathogens can be raised by immunising cows with these pathogens or their antigens. Immune milk products are preparations made of such hyperimmune colostrum or antibodies enriched from it. These preparations can be used to give effective specific protection against different enteric diseases in calves and suckling pigs. Colostral immunoglobulin supplements designed for farm animals are commercially available in many countries. Also, some immune milk products containing specific antibodies against certain pathogens have been launched on the market. A number of clinical studies are currently in progress to evaluate the efficacy of immune milks in the prevention and treatment of various human infections, including those caused by antibiotic resistant bacteria. Bovine colostrum-based immune milk products have proven effective in prophylaxis against various infectious diseases in humans. Good results have been obtained with products targeted against rotavirus, Shigella flexneri, Escherichia coli, Clostridium difficile, Streptococcus mutans, Cryptosporidium parvum and Helicobacter pylori. Some successful attempts have been made to use immune milk in balancing gastrointestinal microbial flora. Immune milk products are promising examples of health-promoting functional foods, or nutraceuticals. This review summarises the recent progress in the development of these products and evaluates their potential as dietary supplements and in clinical nutrition.

Keywords

Immune milkColostrumImmunoglobulinsPassive immunisation
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 84 , Issue S1 , November 2000 , pp. 135 - 146
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2000

References

Abraham, GB (1988) Process for preparing antibodies against E. coli K-99 antigen from bovine milk. US Patent No 4784850, 15 Nov 1988.Google Scholar
Barrandeguy, M, Parreno, V, Lagos Marmol, M, Pont Lezica, F, Rivas, C, Fernandez, F (1998) Prevention of rotavirus diarrhoea in foals by parenteral vaccination of the mares: field trial Developments in Biological Standardization 92, 253–257.Google ScholarPubMed
Beck, LR (1990) Mammal immunization. US Patent No 4919929, 24 Apr 1990.Google Scholar
Bernhisel-Broadbent, JM, Yolken, RHM, Sampson, HAM (1991) Allergenicity of orally administered immunoglobulin preparations in food-allergic children Pediatrics 87, 208–214.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bitzan, MM, Gold, BD, Philpott, DJ, Huesca, M, Sherman, PM, Karch, H, Lissner, R, Lingwood, CA, Karmali, MA (1998) Inhibition of Helicobacter pylori and Helicobacter mustelae binding to lipid receptors by bovine colostrum Journal of Infectious Diseases 177, 955–961.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boesman-Finkelstein, M, Finkelstein, RA, J, Mestecky, C, Blair, P, LOgra (1991) Bovine lactogenic immunity against pediatric enteropathogens. In Immunology of Milk and the Neonate, pp. 361–367 [Mestecky, J, Blair, C, and Ogra, PL, editors]. New York: Plenum.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boesman-Finkelstein, M, Walton, NE, Finkelstein, RA (1989) Bovine lactogenic immunity against cholera toxin-related enterotoxins and Vibrio cholerae outer membranes Infection and Immunity 57, 1227–1234.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bogstedt, AK, Johansen, K, Hatta, H, Kim, M, Casswall, T, Swensson, L, Hammarström, L (1996) Passive immunity against diarrhoea Acta Paediatrica 85, 125–128.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bradshaw, BJF, Edwards, S (1996) Antibody isotype responses to experimental infection with bovine herpesvirus 1 in calves with colostrally derived antibody Veterinary Microbiology 53, 143–151.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brunser, O, Espinoza, J, Figueroa, G, Araya, M, Spencer, E, Hilpert, H, Link-Amster, H, Brussow, H (1992) Field trial of an infant formula containing anti-rotavirus and anti-Escherichia coli milk antibodies from hyperimmunized cows Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 15, 63–72.Google ScholarPubMed
Campbell, B, Petersen, WE (1959) Antibodies in milk for protection against human disease Milchwissenschaft 14, 469–473.Google Scholar
Campbell, B, Petersen, WE (1963) Immune milk – a historical survey Dairy Science Abstracts 25, 345–358.Google Scholar
Casswall, TH, Sarker, SA, Albert, MJ, Fuchs, GJ, Bergström, M, Björk, L, Hammarström, L (1998) Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in infants in rural Bangladesh with oral immunoglobulins from hyperimmune bovine colostrum Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 12, 563–568.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Castrucci, G, Frigeri, F, Ferrari, F, Aldrovandi, V, Angelillo, V, Gatti, R (1989) Immunization against bovine rotaviral infection European Journal of Epidemiology 5, 279–284.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Castrucci, G, Frigeri, F, Ferrari, M, Aldrovandi, V, Tassini, F, Gatti, R (1988) The protection of new-born calves against experimental rotavirus infection by feeding mammary secretions from vaccinated cows Microbiologica 11, 379–385.Google Scholar
Castrucci, G, Frigeri, F, Ferrari, M, Cilli, V, Caleffi, F, Aldrovandi, V, Nigrelli, A (1984) The efficacy of colostrum from cows vaccinated with rotavirus in protecting calves to experimentally induced rotavirus infection Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 7, 11–18.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davidson, GP (1996) Passive protection against diarrhoeal disease Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 23, 207–212.Google Scholar
Davidson, GP, Daniels, E, Nunan, H, Moore, AG, Whyte, PBD, Franklin, K, McCloud, PI, Moore, DJ (1989) Passive immunisation of children with bovine colostrum containing antibodies to human rotavirus Lancet 2, 709–712.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davidson, GP, Tam, J, Kirubakaran, C (1994) Passive protection against symptomatic hospital acquired rotavirus infection in India and Hong Kong Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 19, 351.Google Scholar
Dugas, B, Mercenier, A, Lenoir-Wijnkoop, I, Arnaud, C, Dugas, N, Postaire, E (1999) Immunity and probiotics Immunology Today 20, 387–390.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ebina, T (1996) Prophylaxis of rotavirus gastroenteritis using immunoglobulin Archives of Virology S12, 217–223.Google Scholar
Ebina, T, Ohta, M, Kanamaru, Y, Yamamoto-Osumi, Y, Baba, K (1992) Passive immunizations of suckling mice and infants with bovine colostrum containing antibodies to human rotavirus Journal of Medical Virology 38, 117–123.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ebina, T, Sato, A, Umezu, K, Ishida, N, Ohyama, S, Oizumi, A, Aikawa, K, Katagiri, S, Katsushima, N, Imai, A, Kitaoka, S, Suzuki, H, Konno, T (1985) Prevention of rotavirus infection by oral administration of colostrum containing antihumanrotavirus antibody Medical Microbiology and Immunology 174, 177–185.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Facon, M, Skura, BJ, Nakai, S (1993) Potential immunological supplementation of foods Food and Agricultural Immunology 5, 85–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fernandez, FM, Conner, ME, Hodgins, DC, Parwani, AV, Nielsen, PR, Crawford, SE, Estes, MK, Saif, LJ (1998) Passive immunity to bovine rotavirus in new-born calves fed colostrum supplements from cows immunised with recombinant SA 11 rotavirus core-like particle (CLP) or virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines Vaccine 16, 507–516.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fernandez, LB, Averbach, J, Ledesma, dPMI, Delledone, ME, Conzalez, E (1973) Lyophilized bovine colostrum in the treatment of prolonged infantile diarrhea American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 26, 383–384.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Filler, SJ, Gregory, RL, Michalek, SM, Katz, J, McGhee, JR (1991) Effect of immune bovine milk on Streptococcus mutans in human dental plaque Archives of Oral Biology 36, 41–47.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Filler, SJ, Gregory, RL, Michalek, SM, McGhee, JR, S, Hamada, S, Michalek, H, Kiyono, L, Menaker, J, McGhee (1986) Effect of immune bovine milk rinse containing antibodies to Streptococcus mutans on dental plaque Molecular Microbiology and Immunobiology of Streptococcus mutans.Google Scholar
Freedman, DJ, Tacket, CO, Delehanty, A, Maneval, DR, Nataro, J, Crabb, JH (1998) Milk immunoglobulin with specific activity against purified colonization factor antigens can protect against oral challenge with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Journal of Infectious Diseases 177, 662–667.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fukushima, M, Nakano, M (1996) Effects of a mixture of organisms, Lactobacillus acidophilus or Streptococcus faecalis on cholesterol metabolism in rats fed on a fat- and cholesterol-enriched diet British Journal of Nutrition 76, 857–867.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gill, HS (1998) Stimulation of the immune system by lactic cultures International Dairy Journal 8, 535–544.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Golay, A, Ferrara, JM, Felber, JP, Schneider, H (1990) Cholesterol-lowering effect of skim milk from immunised cows in hypercholesterolemic patients American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 52, 1014–1019.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goldman, A (1989) Immunologic supplementation of cow's milk formulations Bulletin of the IDF 244, 38–42.Google Scholar
Gonzaga, AJ, Warren, RJ, Robbins, FC (1963) Attenuated poliovirus infection in infants fed colostrum from poliomyelitis immune cows Pediatrics 30, 1039–1043.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Graczyk, TK, Cranfield, MR, Bostwick, EF (1999) Hyperimmune bovine colostrum treatment of moribund Leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularius) infected with Cryptosporidium sp Veterinary Research 30, 377–382.Google ScholarPubMed
Graczyk, TK, Cranfield, MR, Helmer, P, Fayer, R, Bostwick, EF (1998) Therapeutic efficacy of hyperimmune bovine colostrum treatment against clinical and subclinical Cryptosporidium serpentis infections in captive snakes Veterinary Parasitology 74, 123–132.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Greenberg, PD, Cello, JP (1996) Treatment of severe diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium parvum with oral bovine immunoglobulin concentrate in patients with AIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology 13, 348–354.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hammarström, L, Gardulf, A, Hammarström, V, Janson, A, Lindberg, K, Smith, CI (1994) Systemic and topical immunoglobulin treatment in immunocompromised patients Immunological Reviews 139, 43–70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hilpert, H, Brussow, H, Mietens, C, Sidoti, J, Lerner, L, Werchau, H (1987) Use of bovine milk concentrate containing antibody to rotavirus to treat rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants Journal of Infectious Diseases 156, 158–166.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Howard, CJ, Clarke, MC, Brownlie, J (1989) Protection against respiratory infection with bovine virus diarrhoea virus by passively acquired antibody Veterinary Microbiology 19, 195–203.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Isaacson, RE, Dean, EA, Morgan, RL, Moon, HW (1980) Immunization of suckling pigs against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli-induced diarrheal disease by vaccinating dams with purified K99 or 987P pili: antibody production in response to vaccination Infection and Immunity 29, 824–826.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ishida, A, Yoshikai, Y, Murosaki, S, Hidaka, Y, Nomoto, K (1992) Administration of milk from cows immunised with intestinal bacteria protects mice from radiation-induced lethality Biotherapy 5, 215–225.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ishida, A, Yoshikai, Y, Murosaki, S, Kubo, C, Hidaka, Y, Nomoto, K (1992) Consumption of milk from cows immunised with intestinal bacteria influences age-related changes in immune competence in mice Journal of Nutrition 122, 1875–1883.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kelly, C, Pothoulakis, C, Vavva, F, Castagliolo, I, Bostwick, E, O'Keane, C, Keates, S, LaMont, T (1996) Anti-Clostridium difficile bovine immunoglobulin concentrate inhibits cytotoxicity and enterotoxicity of C. difficile toxin Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 40, 373–379.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kobayashi, T, Ohmori, T, Yanai, M, Kawanishi, G, Mitsuyama, M, Nomoto, K (1991) The analysis of the defense mechanism against indigenous bacterial translocation in X-irradiated mice Microbiology and Immunology 35, 315–324.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kobayashi, T, Ohmori, T, Yanai, M, Kawanishi, G, Yoshikai, Y, Nomoto, K (1991) Protective effect of orally administering immune milk on endogenous infection in X-irradiated mice Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 55, 2265–2272.Google Scholar
Korhonen, H (1973) Untersuchungen zur Bakterizidie der Milch und Immunisierung der bovinen Milchdruse Finnish Journal of Dairy Science 32, 1–158.Google Scholar
Korhonen, H (1998) Colostrum immunoglobulins and the complement system – potential ingredients of functional foods. A review article Bulletin of IDF 336, 36–40.Google Scholar
Korhonen, H, Antila, M, Halinen, K, Kouvalainen, K (1977) Untersuchungen zur Erzeugung von Salmonella typhimurium-Antikörpern in Milchkuhen und Herstellung von Antikörperpräparaten Finnish Journal of Dairy Science 35, 1–28.Google Scholar
Korhonen, H, Syväoja, E-L, Ahola-Luttila, H, Sivelä, S, Kopola, S, Husu, J, Kosunen, TU (1994) Helicobacter pylori-specific antibodies and bactericidal activity in serum, colostrum and milk of immunised and non immunised cows Indigenous antimicrobial agents of milk – recent developments. IDF Special Issue 9404 4, 151–163.Google Scholar
Korhonen, H, Syväoja, E-L, Ahola-Luttila, H, Sivelä, S, Kopola, S, Husu, J, Kosunen, TU (1995) Bactericidal effect of bovine normal and immune serum, colostrum and milk against Helicobacter pylori Journal of Applied Bacteriology 78, 655–662.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Korhonen, H, Syväoja, E-L, Vasara, E, Kosunen, T &, Marnila, P (1998) Pharmaceutical composition, comprising complement proteins, for the treatment of Helicobacter infections and a method for the preparation of the composition. PCT/FI97/00418. Patent PCTapplication No. W098/00150.Google Scholar
Kothe, N, Dichtelmuller, H, Stephan, W, Echentopf, B (1987) Method of preparing a solution of lactic or colostric immunoglobulins or both and use thereof. US Patent No 4644056, 17 Feb 1987.Google Scholar
Kushnareva, MV, Keshishian, ES, Soboleva, SV (1995) Effectiveness of the use of the preparation of immune lactoglobulin for the correction of intestinal dysbacteriosis in newborns Zhurnal Microbiologii, Epidemiologii i Immunobiologii 2, 101–104.Google Scholar
Lamm, ME, Weisz-Carrington, P, Roux, ME, McWilliams, M, Phillips-Quagliata, JM (1978) Development of the IgA system in the mammary gland Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 107, 35–42.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lascelles, AK (1963) A review of the literature on some aspects of immune milk Dairy Science Abstracts 25, 359–364.Google Scholar
Lecce, JG, Leary, HLJ, Clarke, DA, Batema, RP (1991) Protection of agammaglobulinemic piglets from porcine rotavirus infection by antibody against simian rotavirus SA-11 Journal of Clinical Microbiology 29, 1382–1386.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lefranc-Millot, C, Vercaigne-Marko, D, Wal, JM, Lepretre, A, Peltre, G, Dhulster, P, Guillochon, D (1996) Comparison of the IgE titers to bovine colostral G immunoglobulins and their F(ab′)2 fragments in sera of patients allergic to milk International Archives of Allergy and Immunology 110, 156–162.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Levine, MM (1991) Vaccines and milk immunoglobulin concentrates for prevention of infectious diarrhea Journal of Pediatrics 118, S129-S136.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Linggood, MA, Porter, P &, Powell, JR (1990) Production of antibodies using a mixture of strains of E. coli collectively expressing type I pili, CFA II pili and K88 pili. US Patent No 4971794, 20 Nov 1990.Google Scholar
Lodinova-Zadnikova, R, Korych, B, Bartakova, Z (1987) Treatment of gastrointestinal infection in infants by oral administration of colostral antibodies Die Nahrung 31, 465–467.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Loimaranta, V, Carlen, A, Olsson, J, Tenovuo, J, Syväoja, E, Korhonen, H (1998) Concentrated bovine colostral whey proteins from Streptococcus mutans/Strep. sobrinus immunised cows inhibit the adherence of Strep. mutans and promote the aggregation of mutans streptococci Journal of Dairy Research 65, 599–607.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Loimaranta, V, Laine, M, Söderling, E, Vasara, E, Rokka, S, Marnila, P, Korhonen, H, Tossavainen, O, Tenovuo, J (1999) Effects of bovine immune- and non-immune whey preparations on the composition and pH response of human dental plaque European Journal of Oral Sciences 107, 244–250.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Loimaranta, V, Nuutila, J, Marnila, P, Tenovuo, J, Korhonen, H, Lilius, E (1999) Colostral proteins from cows immunised with Streptococcus mutans/Strep. sobrinus support the phagocytosis and killing of mutans streptococci by human leukocytes Journal of Medical Microbiology 48, 1–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loimaranta, V, Tenovuo, J, Korhonen, H (1998) Combined inhibitory effect of bovine immune whey and peroxidase-generated hypothiocyanate against glucose uptake by Streptococcus mutans. Short communication Oral Microbiology and Immunology 13, 378–381.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loimaranta, V, Tenovuo, J, Virtanen, S, Marnila, P, Syväoja, E, Tupasela, T, Korhonen, H (1997) Generation of bovine immune colostrum against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus and its effect on glucose uptake and extracellullar polysaccharide formation by mutans streptococci Vaccine 15, 1261–1268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lyerly, DM, Bostwick, EF, Binion, SB, Wilkins, TD (1991) Passive immunization of hamsters against disease caused by Clostridium difficile by use of bovine immunoglobulin G concentrate Infection and Immunity 59, 2215–2218.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McClead, RE, Gregory, SA (1984) Resistance of bovine colostral anti-cholera toxin antibody to in vitro and in vivo proteolysis Infection and Immunity 44, 474–478.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marnila, P, Rehnberg-Laiho, L, Kosunen, TU, Kärkkäinen, P, Syväoja, E-L, Hänninen, M-L, Rautelin, H, Virtanen, S, Lilius, E-M, Korhonen, H, DKealey, and MHallet (1996) Specific immune colostrum in the treatment of Helicobacter felis induced gastritis in mouse IBC's Third Annual Helicobacter pylori Gastroduodenal Disorders. New Approaches to Prevention, Diagnostics and Treatment. April 1–2, 1996, Philadelphia, Philadelphia PA, USA. Congress Catalogue, Chapter Posters 4.Google Scholar
Mee, JF, Mehra, R (1995) Efficacy of colostrum substitutes and supplements in farm animals Agro-Food-Industry Hi-Tech 6, 31–35.Google Scholar
Mikhalek, SM, Gregory, RL, Harmon, CC, Katz, J, Richardson, GL, Hilton, T (1987) Protection of gnotobiotic rats against dental caries by passive immunization with bovine milk antibodies to Streptococcus mutans Infection and Immunity 55, 2341–2347.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mietens, C, Keinhorst, H, Hilpert, H, Gerber, H, Amster, H, Pahud, JJ (1979) Treatment of infantile E. coli gastroenteritis with specific bovine anti-E. coli milk immunoglobulins European Journal of Pediatrics 132, 239–252.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mitra, AK, Mahalanabis, D, Unicomb, L, Eeckels, R, Tzipori, S (1995) Hyperimmune cow colostrum reduces diarrhoea due to rotavirus: a double-blind, controlled clinical trial Acta Paediatrica 84, 996–1001.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Molin, G, Andersson, R, Ahtrne, S, Lonner, C, Marklinder, I, Johansson, ML, Jeppsson, B, Bengmark, S (1992) Effect of fermented oatmeal soup on the cholesterol level and the Lactobacillus colonization of rat intestinal mucosa Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 61, 167–173.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moon, HW, Bunn, TO (1993) Vaccines for preventing enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infections in farm animals Vaccine 11, 200–213.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nomoto, K, Matsuoka, K, Hayakawa, K, Ohwaki, M, Kan, T, Yoshikai, Y (1992) Antibacterial effect of bovine milk antibody against Escherichia coli in a mouse indigenous infection model Medical Microbiology and Immunology 181, 87–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nord, J, Ma, P, DiJohn, D, Tzipori, S, Tacket, CO (1990) Treatment with bovine hyperimmune colostrum of cryptosporidial diarrhea in AIDS patients AIDS 4, 581–584.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nousiainen, J, Korhonen, H, Syväoja, E-L, Savolainen, S, Saloniemi, H, Jalonen, H (1994) The effect of colostral immunoglobulin supplement on the passive immunity, growth and health of neonatal calves Agricultural Science in Finland 3, 421–427.Google Scholar
Okhuysen, PC, Chappell, CL, Crabb, J, Valdez, LM, Douglass, ET, DuPont, HL (1998) Prophylactic effect of bovine anti-Cryptosporidium hyperimmune colostrum immunoglobulin in healthy volunteers challenged with Cryptosporidium parvum Clinical Infectious Diseases 26, 1324–1329.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oona, M, Rägo, T, Maaroos, H, Mickelsaar, M, Lõivukene, K, Salminen, S, Korhonen, H (1997) Helicobacter pylori in children with abdominal complaints: Has immune bovine colostrum some influence on gastritis? Alpe Adria Microbiology Journal 6, 49–57.Google Scholar
Opekun, AR, El-Zaimaity, HM, Osato, MS, Gilger, MA, Malaty, HM, Terry, M, Headon, DR, Graham, DY (1999) Novel therapies for Helicobacter pylori infection Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 13, 35–42.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Osame, S, Ichijo, S, Ohta, C, Watanabe, T, Benkele, W, Goto, H (1991) Efficacy of colostral immunoglobulins for therapeutic and preventive treatments of calf diarrhea Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 53, 87–91.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ouwehand, AC, Salminen, S (1998) The health effects of cultured milk products with viable and non-viable bacteria International Dairy Journal 8, 749–758.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ouwehand, AC, Salminen, S, Skurnik, M, Conway, PL (1997) Inhibition of pathogen adhesion by β-lactoglobulin International Dairy Journal 7, 685–692.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peek, RM, Blaser, MJ (1997) Pathophysiology of Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis and peptic ulcer disease American Journal of Medicine 102, 200–207.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Perryman, LE, Riggs, MW, Mason, PH, Fayer, R (1990) Kinetics of Cryptosporidium parvum sporozoite neutralization by monoclonal antibodies, immune bovine serum, and immune bovine colostrum Infection and Immunity 58, 257–259.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Plettenberg, A, Stoehr, A, Stellbrink, A, Albrecht, H, Meigel, W (1993) A preparation from bovine colostrum in the treatment of HIV-positive patients with chronic diarrhea Clinical Investigator 71, 42–45.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rajapakse, RP, Lloyd, S, Fernando, ST (1994) The effect of serum and colostrum immunoglobulins from buffaloes infected with Toxocara vitulorum on T. vitulorum larvae in vitro and in vivo in mice Parasitology Research 80, 426–430.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reddy, NR, Roth, SM, Eigel, WN, Pierson, MD (1988) Foods and food ingredients for prevention of diarrheal disease in children in developing countries Journal of Food Protection 51, 66–75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rehnberg-Laiho, L, Marnila, P, Kosunen, TU, Syväoja, E-L, Hänninen, M-L, Kärkkäinen, P, Rautelin, H, Virtanen, S, Lilius, E, Korhonen, H (1995) Specific immune colostrum in the prevention of Helicobacter felis infection in mice. European Helicobacter pylori study group. VIIIth International Workshop on gastroduodenal pathology and Helicobacter pylori. 7–9 July 1995, Edinburgh, Scotland Gut 37, A92.Google Scholar
Ruiz, JLP (1994) Antibodies from milk for the prevention and treatment of diarrheal disease Indigenous antimicrobial agents of milk – recent developments. IDF Special Issue 9404 4, 108–121.Google Scholar
Rump, JA, Arndt, R, Arnold, A (1992) Treatment of diarrhea in human immunodeficiency virus infected patients with immunoglobulins from bovine colostrum Clinical Investigator 70, 588–594.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Saif, LJ, Smith, KL, Landemeier, BJ, Bohl, EH, Theil, KW, Todhunter, DA (1984) Immune response of pregnant cows to bovine rotavirus immunization American Journal of Veterinary Research 45, 49–58.Google ScholarPubMed
Saif, LJ, Smith, L (1983) Enteric viral infections of calves and passive immunity Journal of Dairy Science 68, 206–228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saif, LJ, Weilnau, P, Miller, K, Stitzlein, L (1987) Isotypes of intestinal and systemic antibodies in colostrum fed and colostrum-deprived calves challenged with rotavirus Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 216, 1815–1823.Google Scholar
Sarker, SA, Casswall, TH, Mahalanabis, D, Alam, NH, Albert, NJ, Brüssow, H, Fuchs, GJ, Hammarström, L (1998) Successful treatment of rotavirus diarrhea in children with immunoglobulin from immunised bovine colostrum Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 17, 1149–1154.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Saxon, A, Weinstein, W (1987) Oral administration of bovine colostrum anti-cryptosporidia antibody fails to alter the course of human cryptosporidiosis Journal of Parasitology 73, 413–415.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schaller, JP, Saif, LJ, Cordle, CT, Candler, EJ, Winship, TR, Smith, KL (1992) Prevention of human rotavirus induced diarrhea in gnotobiotic piglets using bovine antibody Journal of Infectious Diseases 165, 623–630.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sharpe, SJ, Gamble, GD, Sharpe, DN (1994) Cholesterol-lowering and blood pressure effects of immune milk American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 59, 929–934.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shield, J, Melville, C, Novelli, V, Anderson, G, Scheimberg, I, Gibb, D, Milla, P (1993) Bovine colostrum immunoglobulin concentrate for cryptosporidiosis in AIDS Archives of Disease in Childhood 69, 451–453.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Snodgrass, DR, Nagy, LK, Sherwood, D, Campbell, I (1982) Passive immunity in calf diarrhea: vaccination with K99 antigen of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and rotavirus Infection and Immunity 37, 586–591.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Soboleva, SV, Mineeva, LD, Aleksanina, NV, Fedorova, TA, Stanislavskii, ES, Edvaibnaia, LS, Lavrovskaia, VM, Brusnigina, NF (1991) An experimental study of a lactoglobulin preparation against opportunist bacteria and Salmonellaea Zhurnal Microbiologii, Epidemiologii i Immunobiologii 9, 54–56.Google Scholar
Stephan, W, Dichtelmüller, H, Lissner, R (1990) Antibodies from colostrum in oral immunotherapy Journal of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry 28, 19–23.Google ScholarPubMed
Stolle, RJ (1990) Mammal immunization. US Patent No. 4919929, 24 Apr. 1990.Google Scholar
Stott, GH &, Lucas, DO (1989) Immunologically active whey fraction and recovery process. US Patent No 4834974, 30 May 1989.Google Scholar
Tacket, CO, Binion, SB, Bostwick, E, Losonsky, G, Roy, MJ, Edelman, R (1992) Efficacy of bovine milk immunoglobulin concentrate in preventing illness after Shigella flexneri challenge American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 47, 276–283.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tacket, CO, Losonsky, G, Link, H, Hoang, Y, Guesry, P, Hilpert, H, Levine, MM (1988) Protection by milk immunoglobulin concentrate against oral challenge with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli New England Journal of Medicine 318, 1240–1243.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tarpila, S, Korhonen, H &, Salminen, S (1994) Immune colostrum in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori gastritis. In Abstract book of 24th International Dairy Congress, 18–22 Sept 1995, Melbourne, Australia, p. 293.Google Scholar
Teraguchi, S, Kelsey, DK (1995) Orally administered bovine lactoferrin inhibits bacterial translocation in mice fed bovine milk Applied and Environmental Microbiology 61, 4131–4134.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thomas, JE, Austin, S, Dale, A, McClean, P, Harding, M, Coward, WA, Weaver, LT (1993) Protection by human milk IgA against Helicobacter pylori infection in infancy Lancet 342, 121.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tollemar, J, Gross, N, Dolgiras, N, Jarstrand, C, Ringdén, O, Hammarström, L (1999) Fungal prophylaxis by reduction of fungal colonization by oral administration of bovine anti-Candida antibodies in bone marrow transplant recipients Bone Marrow Transplantation 23, 283–290.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tsubokura, K, Berndtson, E, Bogstedt, A, Kaijser, B, Kim, M, Ozeki, M, Hammarström, L (1997) Oral administration of antibodies as prophylaxis and therapy in Campylobacter jejuni-infected chickens Clinical and Experimental Immunology 108, 451–455.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tsunemitsu, H, Shimizu, M, Hirai, T, Yonemichi, H, Kudo, T, Mori, K, Onoe, S (1989) Protection against bovine rotaviruses in new-born calves by continuous feeding of immune colostrum Nippon Juigaku Zasshi 51, 300–308.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turner, RB, Kelsey, DK (1993) Passive immunization for prevention of rotavirus illness in healthy infants Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 12, 718–720.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tzipori, S, Roberton, D, Chapman, C (1986) Remission of diarrhoea due to cryptosporidiosis in an immunodeficient child treated with hyperimmune bovine colostrum British Medical Journal (Clinical Research edn) 15, 1276–1277.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tzipori, S, Robertson, D, Cooper, DA, White, L (1987) Chronic cryptosporidial diarrhoea and hyperimmune cow colostrum Lancet 2, 344–345.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ungar, BL, Ward, DJ, Fayer, R, Quinn, CA (1990) Cessation of Cryptosporidium-associated diarrhea in an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patient after treatment with hyperimmune bovine colostrum Gastroenterology 98, 486–489.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weiner, C, Pan, Q, Hurtig, M, Boren, T, Bostwick, E, Hammarström, L (1999) Passive immunity against human pathogens using bovine antibodies Clinical and Experimental Immunology 116, 193–205.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Williams, AC (1992) Cryptosporidiosis in a child with leukemia Australian Journal of Medical Science 13, 176–179.Google Scholar
Ylitalo, S, Uhari, M, Rasi, S, Pudas, J, Leppäluoto, J (1998) Rotaviral antibodies in the treatment of acute rotaviral gastroenteritis Acta Paediatrica 87, 264–267.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zaremba, W, Guterbock, WM, Holmberg, CA (1993) Efficacy of a dried colostrum powder in the prevention of disease in neonatal Holstein calves Journal of Dairy Science 76, 831–836.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed