Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T09:24:11.415Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Boiled coffee fails to raise serum cholesterol in hamsters and rats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Anton C. Beynen ,
Marianne P. M. E. Weusten-Van Der Wouw ,
Baukje De Roos  and
Martijn B. Katan
Anton C. Beynen
Affiliation:
Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Marianne P. M. E. Weusten-Van Der Wouw
Affiliation:
Department of Human Nutrition, Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
Baukje De Roos
Affiliation:
Department of Human Nutrition, Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
Martijn B. Katan
Affiliation:
Department of Human Nutrition, Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Boiled coffee contains the lipid compounds cafestol and kahweol, which raise cholesterol strongly in man. These lipids are retained by paper filters. In a search for an animal model for the effect of coffee lipids on serum cholesterol concentrations, we fed hamsters (Mesocvicetus aurutus) and rats on mash diets consisting of a purified base diet and either boiled water, unfiltered boiled coffee or filtered boiled coffee. After a feeding period of 8 weeks there was no statistically significant effect of unfiltered boiled coffee on serum total cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations in either the hamsters or the rats. The level of serum cholesterol did respond predictably to the addition of cholesterol and/or saturated fatty acids to the diet. The lack of effect of unfiltered boiled coffee in the hamsters and the rats, when compared with the previously reported activity in humans, could not be explained by dosage, duration of treatment, mode of administration or by insufficient statistical power. It is concluded that hamsters and rats are insensitive to unfiltered boiled coffee and thus are unsuitable models for investigating its hyper- cholesterolaemic effect.

Keywords

CoffeeSerum cholesterolAnimal model
Type
General Nutrition
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 76 , Issue 5 , November 1996 , pp. 755 - 764
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1996

References

REFERENCES

Abell, L. L., Levy, B. B., Brodie, B. B. & Kendall, F. E. (1952). A simplified method for the estimation of total cholesterol in serum and demonstration of its specificity. Journal of Biological Chemistry 195, 357–366.Google Scholar
Ahola, I., Jauhiainen, M., & Aro, A. (1991). The hypercholesterolaemic factor in boiled coffee is retained by a paper filter. Journal of Internal medicine 230, 293–297.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Aro, A., Tuomilehto, J., Kostiainen, E., Uusitalo, U. & Pietinen, P. (1987). Boiled coffee increases serum low density lipoprotein concentration. Metabolism 36, 1027–1030.Google Scholar
Bak, A. A. A., & Grobbee, D. E. (1989). The effect on serum cholesterol of coffee brewed by filtering or boiling. New England Journal of Medicine 321, 1432–1437.Google Scholar
Beynen, A. C. (1987). Serum and liver cholesterol in rats fed cholesterol-free or high-cholesterol diets differing in type and amount of fat. Nutrition Reports International 35, 1327–1332.Google Scholar
Beynen, A. C. & West, C. E. (1986). The suitability of animal models for research in human nutrition: a workshop report. In Proceedings XIII International Congress of Nutrition, pp. 58–59 [Taylor, T. G. & Jenkins, N. K. editors]. London: John Libbey & Company Ltd.Google Scholar
Beynen, A. C. & West, C. E. (1989). Mechanisms underlying nutritional effects on serum cholesterol concentrations. In Coronaries and Cholesterol, pp. 89–114 [Cliff, W. J. & Schoefl, G. I. editors]. London: Chapman and Hall Medical.Google Scholar
Heckers, H., Gobel, U. & Kleppel, U. (1994). End of the coffee mystery: diterpene alcohols raise serum low- density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Journal of Internal Medicine 235, 192–193.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hoek, A. C., Lemmens, A. G., Mullink, J. W. M. A. & Beynen, A. C. (1988). Influence of dietary cal- cium:phosphorus ratio on mineral excretion and nephrocalcinosis in female rats. Journal of Nutrition 118, 1210–1216.Google Scholar
Joslyn, M. A. (1970). Methods in Food Analysis, 2nd ed. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Mensink, R. P., Zock, P. L., Katan, M. B. & Beynen, A. C. (1992). Boiled coffee does not increase serum cholesterol in gerbils and hamsters. Zeitschrft f¨r Ernährungswissenschaft 31, 82–85.Google Scholar
Metcalfe, L. D., Schmitz, A. A. & Pelka, J. R. (1966). Rapid separation of fatty acid esters from lipids for gas chromatography analysis. Analytical Chemistry 18, 514–515.Google Scholar
Nordby, H. E. & Nagy, S. (1973). An evaluation of recent gas-liquid chromatographic liquid phases for resolution of acetylated plant sterols. Journal of Chromatography 75, 187–193.Google Scholar
Ohtani, H., Hayashi, K., Hirata, Y., Dojo, S., Nakashima, K., Nishio, E., Kurushima, H., Saeki, M. & Kajiyama, G. (1990). Effects of dietary cholesterol and fatty acids on plasma cholesterol level and hepatic lipoprotein metabolism. Journal of Lipid Research 31, 1413–1422.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pietinen, P., Aro, A., Tuomilehto, J., Uusitalo, U. & Korhonen, H. (1990). Consumption of boiled coffee is correlated with serum cholesterol in Finland. International Journal of Epidemiology 19, 586–590.Google Scholar
Sanders, T. A. B. & Sandaradura, S. (1992). The cholesterol-raising effect of coffee in the Syrian hamster. British Journal of Nutrition 68, 431–434.Google Scholar
Spady, D. K. & Dietschy, J. M. (1985). Dietary saturated triacylglycerols suppress hepatic low density lipoprotein receptor activity in the hamster. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 82, 4526–4530.Google Scholar
Stensvold, I., Tverdal, A. & Foss, O. P. (1989). The effect of coffee on blood lipids and blood pressure. Results from a Norwegian cross-sectional study, men and women, 40–42 years. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 42, 877–884.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thelle, D. S., Arnesen, E. & Førde, O. H. (1983). The Tromsø Heart Study. Does coffee raise serum cholesterol New England Journal of Medicine 308, 1454–1457.Google Scholar
Trautwein, E. A., Liang, J. S. & Hayes, K. C. (1993). Cholesterol gallstone induction in hamsters reflects strain differences in plasma lipoproteins and bile acid profiles. Lipids 28, 305–312.Google Scholar
Van Dusseldorp, M., Katan, M. B., Van Vliet, T., Demacker, P. N. M. & Stalenhoef, A. F. H. (1991). Cholesterol-raising factor from boiled coffee does not pass a paper filter. Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis 11, 586–593.Google Scholar
Weusten-Van der Wouw, M. P. M. E., Katan, M. B., Viani, R., Hugget, A. C., Liardon, R., Lund-Larsen, P. G., Thelle, D. S., Ahola, I., Aro, A., Meyboom, S. & Beynen, A. C. (1994). The identity of the cholesterol-raising factor from unfiltered boiled coffee, and its effects on liver function enzymes. Journal of Lipid Research 35, 721–733.Google Scholar
Zock, P. L., Katan, M. B., Merkus, M. P., Van Dusseldorp, M. & Harryvan, J. L. (1990). Effect of a lipid-rich fraction from boiled coffee on serum cholesterol. Lancet 335, 1235–1237.Google Scholar