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Antioxidant supplementation preserves antioxidant response in physical training and low antioxidant intake

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Stéphane Palazzetti ,
Anne-Sophie Rousseau ,
Marie-Jeanne Richard ,
Alain Favier  and
Irène Margaritis
Stéphane Palazzetti
Affiliation:
Laboratoire Physiologie des Adaptations, Performance Motrice et Santé, Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, France
Anne-Sophie Rousseau
Affiliation:
Laboratoire Physiologie des Adaptations, Performance Motrice et Santé, Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, France Laboratoire NVMC, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
Marie-Jeanne Richard
Affiliation:
Laboratoire LBSO/LCR7 No. 8, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
Alain Favier
Affiliation:
Jean-Pierre Ebel CNRS-CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble, France
Irène Margaritis*
Affiliation:
Laboratoire Physiologie des Adaptations, Performance Motrice et Santé, Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, France
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Irène Margaritis, fax +33 4 92 29 65 49, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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The present controlled-training double-blind study (supplemented (S) group, n 7; placebo (P) group, n 10) was designed to investigate whether an antioxidant mixture (Se 150 μg, retinyl acetate mg, ascorbic acid 120 mg, α-tocopheryl succinate) would allow overloaded triathletes to avoid adaptation failure in the antioxidant system. Dietary intakes were recorded. The supplement of Se, and vitamins A and E provided 100 % of the French RDA. Four weeks of overloaded training (OT) followed 4 weeks of normal training (NT). After NT and OT, biological studies were conducted at rest and after a duathlon test (run 5 km, cycle 20 km, run 5 km). During the 4-week period of NT, blood levels of GSH levels increased in response to supplementation (P<0·05) and remained elevated during OT. Plasma glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly higher in the S group in all situations after NT and OT (P<0·01). The S group had increased erythrocyte Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase activity in response to OT (P<0·05). Supplementation significantly reduced (P<0·05) the magnitude in duathlon-induced creatine kinase isoenzyme MB mass increase, which tended to be higher with OT (P=0·09). We conclude that the antioxidant mixture helped to preserve the antioxidant system during an OT-induced stress in subjects with initially low antioxidant intakes. Effects of supplementation during NT and/or OT are shown mostly by the alleviated muscle damage. The effects of the antioxidant mixture were observed for doses that can be provided by a diversified and well-balanced diet. The maintenance of normal nutritional status with regard to the antioxidant intake (Se, vitamins C and E) plays a key role in antioxidant adaptive effects during NT and OT.

Keywords

SeleniumAscorbateα-TocopherolOxidative stressPhysical training
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 91 , Issue 1 , January 2004 , pp. 91 - 100
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2004

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