Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T12:31:11.834Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Alternative models for analyses of liver and mammary transorgan metabolite extraction data

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

M. D. Hanigan ,
J. France ,
D. Wray-Cahen ,
D. E. Beever ,
G. E. Lobley ,
L. Reutzel  and
N. E. Smith
M. D. Hanigan*
Affiliation:
Purina Mills, Inc., St Louis, MO 63144, USA
J. France
Affiliation:
Institute of Grasslands and Environmental Research, North Wyke Research Station, Okehampton EX2 OSB, UK
D. Wray-Cahen
Affiliation:
University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AH, UK
D. E. Beever
Affiliation:
University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AH, UK
G. E. Lobley
Affiliation:
Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, UK
L. Reutzel
Affiliation:
Purina Mills, Inc., St Louis, MO 63144, USA
N. E. Smith
Affiliation:
Purina Mills, Inc., St Louis, MO 63144, USA
*
*Corresponding author:Dr Mark Hanigan, fax +1 314 768 4433, email [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Alternative models for analyses of liver and mammary transorgan data were formulated and fitted to liver and mammary data sets respectively. The models considered metabolite inputs to and effluxes from an extracellular pool. In general, fits were greatly improved over previous efforts using other models (Miller et al. 1991a; Hanigan et al. 1992; Wray-Cahen et al. 1997). Errors of prediction were generally less than 15% for liver and less than 20% for mammary glands. With the possible exception of glutamine for the udder, all metabolites exhibited linear responses to extracellular concentrations within the observed ranges of inputs. However, prediction biases were evident for β-hydroxybutyrate, acetate, and propionate by liver and for arginine, histidine, citrulline and glycerol by mammary tissue. These biases were hypothesized to be caused by the existence of additional regulatory complexity. With the exception of histidine, parameter estimates for essential amino acid removal by liver were 2–3-fold lower than for mammary gland. Infusion of an amino acid mixture into the mesenteric vein did not alter parameter estimates for removal of amino acids by the liver. Treatment of cows with bovine somatotropin resulted in changes in mammary parameter estimates for aspartate, glutamate, leucine, phenylalanine, glucose, and glycerol.

Keywords

Mathematical modellingLiverMammary gland
Type
Animal Nutrition
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 79 , Issue 1 , January 1998 , pp. 63 - 78
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1998

References

Baird, GD, Lomax, MA, Symonds, HW & Shaw, SR (1980) Net hepatic and splanchnic metabolism of lactate, pyruvate and propionate in dairy cows in vivo in relation to lactation and nutrient supply. Biochemical Journal 186, 47–57.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bass, R, Hedegaard, HB, Dillehay, L, Moffett, J & Englesberg, E (1981) The A, ASC, and L systems for the transport of amino acids in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells (CHO-K1). Journal of Biological Chemistry 256, 10259–10266.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baumrucker, CR (1985) Amino acid transport systems in bovine mammary tissue. Journal of Dairy Science 68, 2436–2451.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bergman, EN, Kaufman, CF, Wolff, JE & Williams, HH (1974) Renal metabolism of amino acids and ammonia in fed and fasted pregnant sheep. American Journal of Physiology 226, 833–837.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brockman, RP & Bergman, EN (1975) Effect of glucagon on plasma alanine and glutamine metabolism and hepatic gluco-neogenesis in sheep. American Journal of Physiology 28, 1627–1633.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cant, JP, DePeters, EJ & Baldwin, RL (1993) Mammary amino acid utilization in dairy cows fed fat and its relationship to milk protein depression. Journal of Dairy Science 76, 762–774.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cant, JP & McBride, BW (1995) Mathematical analysis of the relationship between blood flow and uptake of nutrients in the mammary glands of a lactating cow. Journal of Dairy Research 62, 405–422.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Christensen, HN, Liang, M & Archer, EG (1967) A distinct Na+-requiring transport system for alanine, serine, cysteine, and similar amino acids. Journal of Biological Chemistry 242, 5237–5246.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clark, RM, Chandler, PT, Park, CS & Norman, AW (1980) Extracellular amino acid effects on milk protein synthesis and intracellular amino acid pools with bovine mammary cells in culture. Journal of Dairy Science 63, 1230–1234.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Covolo, GC & West, R (1947) The activity of arginase in red blood cells. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology 7, 325–330.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Detweiler, DK (1984) Control mechanisms of the circulatory system. In Dukes' Physiology of Domestic Animals, 10th ed., pp. 163–191 [Swenson,, J editor]. Ithaca, NY: Comstock Publishing Assoc.Google Scholar
Donkin,, SS & Armentano, LE (1993) Preparation of extended in vitro cultures of bovine hepatocytes that are hormonally responsive. Journal of Animal Science 71, 2218–2227.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Forsberg, NE, Baldwin, RL & Smith, NE (1984) Roles of acetate and its interactions with glucose and lactate in cow mammary tissue. Journal of Dairy Science 67, 2247–2254.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Forsberg, NE, Baldwin, RL & Smith, NE (1985) Roles of glucose and its interactions with acetate in maintenance and biosynthesis in bovine mammary tissue. Journal of Dairy Science 68, 2544–2549.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hanigan, MD & Baldwin, RL (1994) A mechanistic model of mammary gland metabolism in the lactating cow. Agricultural Systems 45, 369–419.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hanigan, MD & Baldwin, RL (1995) Dynamic models of ruminant mammary metabolism. In Modeling Ruminant Digestion and Metabolism, pp. 370–412 [Baldwin,, RL editor]. New York: Chapman & Hall.Google Scholar
Hanigan, MD, Calvert, CC, DePeters, EJ, Reis, BL & Baldwin, RL (1991) Whole blood and plasma amino acid uptakes by lactating bovine mammary glands. Journal of Dairy Science 74, 2484–2490.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hanigan, MD, Calvert, CC, DePeters, EJ, Reis, BL & Baldwin, RL (1992) Kinetics of amino acid extraction by lactating mammary glands in control and sometribove-treated Holstein cows. Journal of Dairy Science 75, 161–173.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heitmann, RN & Bergman, EN (1980) Transport of amino acids in whole blood and plasma of sheep. American Journal of Physiology 239, E242–E247.Google ScholarPubMed
Huntington, GB (1984) Net absorption of glucose and nitrogenous compounds by lactating Holstein cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 67, 1919–1927.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, J, Harris, PM, Sinclair, BR & Treloar, BP (1993) Whole body metabolism of cysteine and glutathione and their utilization in the skin of Romney sheep: consequences for wool growth. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 121, 111–124.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lobley, GE, Connell, A, Revell, DK, Bequette, BJ, Brown, DS & Calder, AG (1996) Splanchnic bed transfers of amino acids in sheep blood and plasma, as monitored through the use of a multiple [U-13C]amino acid mixture. British Journal of Nutrition 75, 217–235.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Matsumoto, M, Kurohmaru, M, Hayashi, Y, Nishinakagawa, H & Otsuka, J (1994) Permeability of mammary gland capillaries to ferritin in mice. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 56, 65–70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mepham, TB (1982) Amino acid utilization by lactating mammary gland. Journal of Dairy Science 65, 287–298.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Metcalf, JA, Beever, DE, Sutton, JD, Wray-Cahen, D, Evans, RT, Humphries, DJ, Backwell, FRC, Bequette, BJ & MacRae, J (1994) The effect of supplementary protein on in vivo metabolism of the mammary gland in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 77, 1816–1827.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miller, PS, Reis, BL, Calvert, CC, DePeters, EJ & Baldwin, RL (1991 a) Patterns of nutrient uptake by the mammary glands of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 74, 3791–3799.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miller, PS, Reis, BL, Calvert, CC, DePeters, EJ & Baldwin, RL (1991 b) Relationship of early lactation and bovine somatotropin on nutrient uptake by cow mammary glands. Journal of Dairy Science 74, 3800–3806.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oxender, DL & Christensen, HN (1963) Distinct mediating systems for the transport of neutral amino acids by the Ehrlich cell. Journal of Biological Chemistry 238, 3686.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reynolds, CK (1995) Quantitative aspects of liver metabolism in ruminants. In Ruminant Physiology: Digestion, Metabolism, Growth, and Reproduction. Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium of Ruminant Physiology, pp. 351–371 [Engelhardt,, W, Leonhard-Marek,, S, Breves, G and Giesecke, D, editors]. Stuttgart: Ferdinand Enke Verlag.Google Scholar
Reynolds, CK, Huntington, GB, Tyrrell, HFJ & Reynolds, PJ (1988) Net portal-drained visceral and hepatic metabolism of glucose, L-lactate, and nitrogenous compounds in lactating Holstein cows. Journal of Dairy Science 71, 1803–1812.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Risau, W (1995) Differentiation of endothelium. FASEB Journal 9, 926–933.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roughton, FJW (1964) Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood. In Handbook of Physiology. Section 3: Respiration, Vol. 1, pp. 767–825 [Fenn, WO and Rahn, H, editors]. Washington, DC: American Physiology Society.Google Scholar
Sano, H, Hayakawa, S, Takahashi, H & Terashima, Y (1995) Plasma insulin and glucagon responses to propionate infusion into femoral and mesenteric veins in sheep. Journal of Animal Science, 73, 191–197.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Statistical Analysis Systems (1988) SAS/STAT ® User's Guide, Release 6.03 ed. Cary, NC: SAS Institute, Inc.Google Scholar
Veenhuizen, JJ, Russell, RW & Young, JW (1988) Kinetics of metabolism of glucose, propionate and CO2 in steers as affected by injecting phlorizin and feeding propionate. Journal of Nutrition 118, 1366–1375.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Waghorn, GC (1982) Modelling analyses of bovine mammary and liver metabolism. PhD Thesis, University of California, Davis.Google Scholar
Waghorn, GC & Baldwin, RL (1984) Model of metabolite flux within mammary gland of the lactating cow. Journal of Dairy Science 67, 531–544.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wray-Cahen, D, Roberts, S, Metcalf, JA, Backwell, FRC, Bequette, BJ, Brown, DS & Lobley, GE (1997) Hepatic response to increased exogenous supply of amino acids by infusion into the hepatic portal vein of Holstein-Friesian cows in late gestation. British Journal of Nutrition 78, 913–930.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed