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Non-linear relationship between the body roundness index and metabolic syndrome: data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2018

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 February 2024

Zhenhan Li Open the ORCID record for Zhenhan Li [Opens in a new window] ,
Chunhua Fan ,
Jun Huang ,
Zhongpei Chen ,
Xiaoxia Yu  and
Jun Qian
Zhenhan Li
Affiliation:
Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
Chunhua Fan
Affiliation:
Department of Anatomy, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
Jun Huang
Affiliation:
Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
Zhongpei Chen
Affiliation:
Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
Xiaoxia Yu
Affiliation:
Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
Jun Qian*
Affiliation:
Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People’s Republic of China
*
*Corresponding author: Jun Qian, email [email protected]
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Abstract

Obesity is an important characteristic manifestation of metabolic syndrome (MetS), and body roundness index (BRI) is one of the anthropometric indicators associated with obesity. However, studies on the relationship between BRI and MetS risk are limited. We aimed to explore the relationship between baseline BRI and MetS in the USA population. Our study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2018, ultimately enrolling and analysing 47 303 participants. Data-driven tertiles were used to categorise BRI levels, and multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to investigate the association of BRI with MetS in adults. In addition, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to assess the ability of BRI to predict MetS. The distribution of BRI was different across ethnic groups with a gradual decrease in the proportion of non-Hispanic Whites and other races. In addition, BRI was significantly associated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Univariate regression analysis indicated BRI to be a moderate risk factor for MetS, and multivariate logistic regression analysis found that BRI remained an independent risk factor for MetS. After adjusting for confounding variables, a non-linear relationship was found between BRI levels and the prevalence of MetS. More importantly, BRI predicted MetS with the largest AUC among anthropometric measures. In summary, elevated baseline BRI levels are independently associated with the development of MetS, and baseline BRI may assist in identifying patients at risk for MetS, leading to early and optimal treatment to improve their outcomes.

Keywords

Body roundness indexMetabolic syndromeNon-linear relationship
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 131 , Issue 11 , 14 June 2024 , pp. 1852 - 1859
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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Footnotes

†

These authors contributed equally and shared the first authorship

‡

These authors contributed equally to this work

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