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Causal association of plasma n-3 PUFA with peptic ulcer disease: a two-sample Mendelian randomisation study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 November 2024

Zebin Dai Open the ORCID record for Zebin Dai [Opens in a new window] ,
Qinjian Wang ,
Bingbing He ,
Fang Shi ,
Wei Chen ,
Qingxi Jiang ,
Dan Zhou ,
Zhanxiong Xue  and
Bo Yang
Zebin Dai
Affiliation:
The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
Qinjian Wang
Affiliation:
The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
Bingbing He
Affiliation:
The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
Fang Shi
Affiliation:
Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
Wei Chen
Affiliation:
Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
Qingxi Jiang
Affiliation:
Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
Dan Zhou*
Affiliation:
School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
Zhanxiong Xue*
Affiliation:
The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
Bo Yang*
Affiliation:
Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China Institute of Lipids Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
*
*Corresponding authors: Bo Yang, email [email protected]; Dr Dan Zhou, email [email protected]; Dr Zhanxiong Xue, email [email protected]
*Corresponding authors: Bo Yang, email [email protected]; Dr Dan Zhou, email [email protected]; Dr Zhanxiong Xue, email [email protected]
*Corresponding authors: Bo Yang, email [email protected]; Dr Dan Zhou, email [email protected]; Dr Zhanxiong Xue, email [email protected]
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Abstract

Dietary n-3 PUFA may have potential benefits in preventing peptic ulcer disease (PUD). However, data from observational epidemiological studies are limited. Thus, we conducted a Mendelian randomisation analysis to reveal the causal impact of n-3 PUFA on PUD. Genetic variants strongly associated with plasma levels of total or individual n-3 PUFA including plant-derived α-linolenic acid and marine-derived EPA, DPA and DHA were enrolled as instrumental variables. Effect size estimates of the n-3 PUFA-associated genetic variants with PUD were evaluated using data from the UK biobank. Per one sd increase in the level of total n-3 PUFA in plasma was significantly associated with a lower risk of PUD (OR = 0·91; 95 % CI 0·85, 0·99; P = 0·020). The OR were 0·81 (95 % CI 0·67, 0·97) for EPA, 0·72 (95 % CI 0·58, 0·91) for DPA and 0·87 (95 % CI 0·80, 0·94) for DHA. Genetically predicted α-linolenic acid levels in plasma had no significant association with the risk of PUD (OR = 5·41; 95 % CI 0·70, 41·7). Genetically predicted plasma levels of n-3 PUFA were inversely associated with the risk of PUD, especially marine-based n-3 PUFA. Such findings may have offered an effective and feasible strategy for the primary prevention of PUD.

Keywords

n-3 PUFAPlasma levelPeptic ulcerMendelian randomisationCausal relationship
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 132 , Issue 8 , 28 October 2024 , pp. 1014 - 1021
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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