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The Rising of the Northern Earls

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 September 2015

Anne C. Parkinson
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Extract

In considering the period from 1559–1603, and the attitudes within the recusant community to the acceptance or rejection of the Elizabethan Settlement, the first major event giving extensive evidence of political attitudes in the northern region is the Rising of the Northern Earls, a crisis which, as elsewhere in Elizabethan England marked the watershed for the fortunes of Catholicism during the reign. An analysis, conducted at some length, of its causes, events and consequences is, indeed, indispensable to understanding Catholic survival in Elizabethan northern England.

Type
Research Article
Information
British Catholic History , Volume 27 , Issue 3 , May 2005 , pp. 333 - 345
Copyright
Copyright © Catholic Record Society 2005

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References

1 For the international dimension to the Rising, see, inter alia, Parker, Geoffrey, The Army of Flanders and the Spanish Road 1567–1659: The Logistics of Spanish Victory and Defeat in the Low Countries ‘ Wars. (London: Cambridge University Press, 1972 Google Scholar), Ibidem The Dutch Revolt (London: Allen Lane, 1977), and Wilson, Charles, Queen Elizabeth and the Revolt of the Netherlands (London and Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1970)Google Scholar; Wernham, Richard Bruce, Before the Armada: The Growth of English Foreign Policy 1485–1588, (London: Jonathan Cape, 1966) p. 293 Google Scholar.

2 See Parker, Geoffrey, The Army of Flanders and the Spanish Road 1567–1659. The Logistics of Spanish Victory and Defeat in the Low Countries’ Wars (London: Cambridge University Press, 1972 Google Scholar), Ibidem The Dutch Revolt (London: Allen Lane 1977) and Wilson, Charles, Queen Elizabeth and the Revolt in the Netherlands (London and Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1970)Google Scholar.

3 Wernham, Richard Bruce, Before the Armada: The Growth of English Foreign Policy 1485–1588 (London: Jonathan Cape, 1966), p. 293 Google Scholar.

4 Hume, Martin A. S., (ed.), Calendar of Letters and State Papers relating to English Affairs preserved principally in the archives of Simancas, Elizabeth 1559–1580, vol. II 1. (Hereafter Sp.Cal). Google Scholar

5 Wernham, Before the Armada, pp. 290–95.

6 Dr. John Mann, Fellow of New College Oxford 1529–41, was the ex-warden of Merton College, 1562–68, died 1569.

7 Wernham, Before the Armada, p. 305.

8 Fletcher, Anthony, Tudor Rebellions, (London: Longmans Green, 1968), p. 93 Google Scholar.

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10 Fletcher, Tudor Rebellions, pp. 92–3.

11 Elton, G. R., Policy and Police: The Enforcement of the Reformation in the Age of Thomas Cromwell (London: Cambridge University Press, 1966)Google Scholar, Ibidem, The Tudor Revolution in Government: Administration Changes in the Reign of Henry VIII (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1962), especially pp. 317–325.

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13 DNB, vol. 15, pp. 878–881, (Thomas Percy, seventh Earl of Northumberland). DNB, vol. 17, pp. 598–61, (Ralph Sadler).

14 Bouch, C. M. L., Prelates and People of the Lake Counties (Kendal: Titus Wilson, 1948), pp. 202–3.Google Scholar

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16 Bouch, Prelates and People, p. 203: DNB, vol. 15, pp. 878–81 (Thomas Percy, seventh Earl of Northumberland).

17 VCH. Cumberland vol. 2, p. 277; George Ormsby, (ed.), ‘Household Books of Lord William Howard’, Surtees Society, vol. 68, (1877), pp. 365–93.

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19 Bouch, Prelates and People, p. 203; Wernham, Before the Armada, p. 303; For objections and answers to Leonard Dacre’s title to the barony, see PRO. SP.15/18/2.v; for the chronology of the litigation see Ormsby, George, (ed.), ‘The Household Books of Lord William Howard’ Surtees Society, vol. 38 (1977)Google Scholar.

20 Parkinson, Anne C., A History of Catholicism in the Furness Peninsula 1127–1997 (Lancaster: Centre for North-West Studies, Lancaster University), pp. 13–14, 18–20.Google Scholar

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26 Sharp, Cuthbert, (ed.). The Rising in the North: The 1569 Rebellion, being a reprint of the Memorials of the Rebellion of the Earls of Northumberland and Westmorland, (1840) (Reprinted Durham: J. Shotton, 1975), p. 13 Google Scholar: hereafter: Sharp, The Rising in the North.

27 After the Rebellion was over, at the end of January 1570, Bowes was made provost marshal of Berwick under Sussex. A letter dated 1 February from Bowes to Sussex acknowledging receipt of his commission, is reprinted in Sharp, The Rising of the North, p. 172.

28 Fletcher, Tudor Rebellions, pp. 93–4.

29 Cal. SP. Dom. Eliz. 1566–78, vol. xxi, 29.

30 DNB, vol. 13, pp. 1053–4 (Nicholas Morton, D.D.);. DNB. vol. 14, pp. 662–3 (Richard Norton).

31 Fletcher, Tudor Rebellions, p. 102

32 Sharp, The Rising of the North, Appendix, The Earl of Northumberland’s Confession, p. 196.

33 B.L. Cotton MS, Caligula. B.IX, 411; Sharp, The Rising in the North, pp. 33–4.

34 Cal. S.P. Dom. Eliz. Addenda, 1566–79, vol. xxi, 10; Sharp, The Rising in the North, p. 199.

35 DNB. vol. 15, p. 880 (Thomas Percy, seventh Earl of Northumberland).

36 Sharp, The Rising in the North, p. 77.

37 DNB. vol. 15, p. 880, (Thomas Percy, seventh Earl of Northumberland).

38 Fraser, Mary Queen of Scots, p. 422.

39 Fletcher, Tudor Rebellions, pp. 95, 105.

40 Sharp, The Rising in the North, p. 45.

41 BL. Harleian MS., 6990, fol. 44: Sharp, The Rising in the North, pp. 42–3.

42 BL. Cotton MSS. Caligula. B. IX. fol. 410, 411: Sharp, Memorials of the Rebellion, pp. 41–2.

43 Fletcher, Tudor Rebellions, p. 150.

44 Ibidem, p. 105.

45 Cal. S.P. Dom.Elizabeth, Addenda. 1566–79, vol. 21, 56.

46 Fletcher, Tudor Rebellions, pp. 98–100.

47 VCH Cumberland vol. 2, pp. 277–8; PRO. SP.12/105/10; De Fonblanque, Annals of the House of Percy, vol. 2, pp. 18, 580.

48 Bouch, Prelates and People, p. 205.

49 Fletcher, Tudor Rebellions, p. 100.