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Predictors of Depression at One Year Post-stroke in Older Adults

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 November 2013

Shirley G. Hosking  and
Nigel V. Marsh
Shirley G. Hosking
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Nigel V. Marsh*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
*
Address for correspondence: Nigel V. Marsh PhD, Department of Psychology, Sunway University, No. 5Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya 46150, Sleangor, Malaysia. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

The prevalence and determinates of depression in 67 older adults were assessed at 1 year post-stroke. The sample had an average age of 74 years (SD = 7, range = 60–87 years) at the time of their stroke and 52% were female. The relative contribution of demographic (gender, age), medical (history of previous stroke, hemispheric location of stroke), two measures of functional independence (Barthel Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Index and Nottingham Extended ADL Index) and aspects of cognitive functioning (IQ, attention, verbal memory and verbal fluency) to depression (Geriatric Depression Scale) was investigated. Results indicated that 51% of patients had impairment in activities of daily living, and 33% reported clinically significant levels of depression. Prevalence of cognitive impairment ranged from 28% on a measure of basic cognitive functioning through to 87% on a measure of complex attention. The results from a hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that the combination of variables explained 40% of the variance in depression scores. In addition, the two individual variables of history of previous stroke and functional independence made significant unique contributions to the variance in depression scores. These results demonstrate the wide variety of factors involved and provide support for a biopsychosocial model of post-stroke depression.

Keywords

cerebrovascular accidentstrokeelderlydepressionaffective disorderpredictors of long-term outcome
Type
Articles
Information
Brain Impairment , Volume 14 , Issue 3 , December 2013 , pp. 381 - 391
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Australian Academic Press Pty Ltd 2013 

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