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Changes over time in family members of adults with mild traumatic brain injury

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 October 2019

Kelly Jones Open the ORCID record for Kelly Jones [Opens in a new window] ,
Alice Theadom ,
Philip Prah ,
Nicola Starkey Open the ORCID record for Nicola Starkey [Opens in a new window] ,
Suzanne Barker-Collo ,
Shanthi Ameratunga ,
Valery L. Feigin  and
for the BIONIC Study
Kelly Jones*
Affiliation:
National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, School of Public Health & Psychosocial Studies, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
Alice Theadom
Affiliation:
National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, School of Public Health & Psychosocial Studies, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
Philip Prah
Affiliation:
National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, School of Public Health & Psychosocial Studies, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
Nicola Starkey
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Division of Arts, Law, Psychology & Social Sciences, The University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Suzanne Barker-Collo
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Tamaki Campus, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
Shanthi Ameratunga
Affiliation:
School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
Valery L. Feigin
Affiliation:
National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, School of Public Health & Psychosocial Studies, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
*
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Objective:

The impact of traumatic brain injury (TBI) extends beyond the person who was injured. Family caregivers of adults with moderate to severe TBI frequently report increased burden, stress and depression. Few studies have examined the well-being of family members in the mild TBI population despite the latter representing up to 95% of all TBIs.

Methods:

Five areas of well-being were examined in 99 family members (including parents, partners, siblings, other relatives, adult children, friends or neighbours) of adults (aged ≥16 years) with mild TBI. At 6- and 12-month post-injury, family members completed the Bakas Caregiver Outcomes Scale, Short Form-36 Health Survey, EQ-5D-3L, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Outcomes and change over time and associated factors were examined.

Results:

At 6 months, group mean scores for health-related quality of life for mental and physical components and overall health status were similar to the New Zealand (NZ) population. Mean scores for sleep, anxiety and depression were below clinically significant thresholds. From 6 to 12 months, there were significant improvements in Bakas Caregiver Outcomes Scale scores by 2.61 (95% confidence interval: 0.72–4.49), health-related quality of life (mental component) and EQ-5D-3L overall health (P = 0.01). Minimally clinically important differences were observed in overall health, anxiety, health-related quality of life and depression at 12 months. Female family members reported significant improvements in physical health over time, and more positive life changes were reported by those caring for males with TBI.

Conclusions:

The findings suggest diminished burden over time for family members of adults with mild TBI.

Keywords

Family membershealthmild traumatic brain injuryoutcomessleep
Type
Articles
Information
Brain Impairment , Volume 21 , Issue 2 , September 2020 , pp. 154 - 172
Copyright
© Australasian Society for the Study of Brain Impairment 2019

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Footnotes

†

BIONIC Study Group members listed below

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