Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-30T23:10:18.312Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Efficacy of Stepping Stones Triple P Plus a Stress Management Adjunct for Parents of Children with an Acquired Brain Injury: The Protocol of a Randomised Controlled Trial

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 August 2013

Felicity Louise Brown ,
Koa Whittingham ,
Lynne McKinlay ,
Roslyn Boyd  and
Kate Sofronoff
Felicity Louise Brown*
Affiliation:
The School of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia
Koa Whittingham
Affiliation:
The School of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia
Lynne McKinlay
Affiliation:
Queensland Paediatric Rehabilitation Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Queensland, Australia
Roslyn Boyd
Affiliation:
Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia Queensland Paediatric Rehabilitation Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Queensland, Australia
Kate Sofronoff
Affiliation:
The School of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia
*
Address for correspondence: Ms Felicity Brown, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Paediatric acquired brain injury (ABI) is the most common cause of acquired disability in childhood. It frequently results in significant personality, cognitive, emotional and behavioural changes, and consequent impairment in independent functioning, education, employment and interpersonal relationships. Additionally, paediatric ABI impacts on the entire family system, with parents commonly reporting significant distress and adjustment difficulties. Despite this, there is currently limited research into effective programmes to support families following their child's ABI. This protocol describes a wait-list randomised controlled trial of a behavioural family intervention plus a parent stress management programme for paediatric ABI. Interventions will be conducted with parents in a group format, aiming to improve child outcomes by improving parenting behaviour and coping. Outcomes assessed will be: (i) child behaviour and emotional outcome as measured by parent and teacher reports; (ii) parental style and confidence; (iii) parental adjustment (stress, anxiety and depression symptoms); (iv) family functioning; (v) parent relationship; and (vi) parent psychological flexibility. Assessments will be via questionnaires conducted pre-, mid- and post- intervention, and at a 6-month follow-up. The theoretical basis, study hypotheses, methods and planned analyses are described.

Keywords

parentingbehavioural family interventionacquired brain injury (ABI)acceptance and commitment therapy
Type
Controlled Trial Forum
Information
Brain Impairment , Volume 14 , Issue 2 , September 2013 , pp. 253 - 269
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Australian Academic Press Pty Ltd 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Access Economics. (2009). The economic cost of spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury in Australia. Canberra: Victorian Neurotrauma Initiative.Google Scholar
Aitken, M.E., McCarthy, M.L., Slomine, B.S., Ding, R., Durbin, D.R., Jaffe, K.M., . . . MacKenzie, E.J. (2009). Family burden after traumatic brain injury in children. Pediatrics, 123 (1), 199–206.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. (1993). Definition of mild traumatic brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 8 (3), 86–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, V., & Catroppa, C. (2006). Advances in postacute rehabilitation after childhood-acquired brain injury: A focus on cognitive, behavioral, and social domains. American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 85 (9), 767–778.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Anderson, V., Catroppa, C., Morse, S., Haritou, F., & Rosenfeld, J. (2005). Functional plasticity or vulnerability after early brain injury? Pediatrics, 116 (6), 1374–1382.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Anderson, V., Spencer-Smith, M., Leventer, R., Coleman, L., Anderson, P., Williams, J., . . . Jacobs, R. (2009). Childhood brain insult: can age at insult help us predict outcome. Brain, 132, 45–56.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Arnold, D.S., O'Leary, S.G., Wolff, L.S., & Acker, M.M. (1993). The Parenting Scale: A measure of dysfunctional parenting in discipline situations. Psychological Assessment, 5 (2), 137–144.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2004). Disability, ageing and carers: Summary of findings, Australia 2003. Canberra: ABS.Google Scholar
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2007). Disability in Australia: Aquired brain injury. Bulletin 55. Canberra: AIHW.Google Scholar
Beck, A.T. (1979). Cognitive therapy of depression. New York: The Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Bissett, R.T. (2001). Processes of change: Acceptance versus 12-step in polysubstance-abusing methadone clients. Doctoral dissertation, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA, retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses database (UMI No. 3042769).Google Scholar
Blackledge, J.T., & Hayes, S.C. (2006). Using acceptance and commitment training in the support of parents of children diagnosed with autism. Child & Family Behavior Therapy, 28 (1), 1–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boggs, S.R., Eyberg, S., & Reynolds, L.A. (1990). Concurrent validity of the Eyberg child behavior inventory. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 19 (1), 75–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boschen, K., Gargaro, J., Gan, C., Gerber, G., & Brandys, C. (2007). Family interventions after acquired brain injury and other chronic conditions: A critical appraisal of the quality of the evidence. NeuroRehabilitation, 22 (1), 19–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Braga, L.W., Da Paz, A.C., & Ylvisaker, M. (2005). Direct clinician-delivered versus indirect family-supported rehabilitation of children with traumatic brain injury: A randomized controlled trial. Brain Injury, 19 (10), 819–831.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brown, F.L., Whittingham, K., Boyd, R., & Sofronoff, K. (2012). A systematic review of parenting interventions for traumatic brain injury: Child and parent outcomes. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation [Epub ahead of print 28 May 2012]. doi: 10.1097/HTR.0b013e318245fed5Google Scholar
Brown, F.L., Whittingham, K., Boyd, R., & Sofronoff, K. (2013). Parenting a child with a traumatic brain injury: experiences of parents and health professionals, submitted for publication.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, T.A., Chorpita, B.F., Korotitsch, W., & Barlow, D.H. (1997). Psychometric properties of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) in clinical samples. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 35 (1), 79–89.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carroll, L.J., Cassidy, J.D., Holm, L., Kraus, J., & Coronado, V.G. (2004). Methodological issues and research recommendations for mild traumatic brain injury: the WHO Collaborating Centre Task Force on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 43 (Suppl.), 113–125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Catroppa, C., & Anderson, V. (2009). Traumatic brain injury in childhood: Rehabilitation considerations. Developmental Neurorehabilitation, 12 (1), 53–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Catroppa, C., Anderson, V.A., Morse, S.A., Haritou, F., & Rosenfeld, J.V. (2008). Outcome and predictors of functional recovery 5 years following pediatric traumatic brain injury. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 33 (7), 707–718.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cheron, D.M., Ehrenreich, J.T., & Pincus, D.B. (2009). Assessment of parental experiential avoidance in a clinical sample of children with anxiety disorders. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 40 (3), 383.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, A., Stedmon, J., & Margison, S. (2008). An exploration of the experience of mothers whose children sustain traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their families. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 13 (4), 565–583.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112 (1), 155–159.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cole, W.R., Paulos, S.K., Cole, C.A.S., & Tankard, C. (2009). A review of family intervention guidelines for pediatric acquired brain injuries. Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 15 (2), 159–166.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dadds, M.R., & Powell, M.B. (1991). The relationship of interparental conflict and global marital adjustment to aggression, anxiety, and immaturity in aggressive and nonclinic children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 19 (5), 553–567.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
De Graaf, I., Speetjens, P., Smit, F., de Wolff, M., & Tavecchio, L. (2008a). Effectiveness of the Triple P Positive Parenting Program on behavioral problems in children: a meta-analysis. Behavior Modification, 32 (5), 714–735.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
De Graaf, I., Speetjens, P., Smit, F., De Wolff, M., & Tavecchio, L. (2008b). Effectiveness of the Triple P Positive Parenting Program on parenting: A meta analysis. Family Relations, 57 (5), 553–566.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Emerson, E. (2005). Use of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire to assess the mental health needs of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 30 (1), 14–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Epstein, N.B., Baldwin, L.M., & Bishop, D.S. (1983). The McMaster Family Assessment Device. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 9 (2), 171–180.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, C., Margison, F., & Barkham, M. (1998). The contribution of reliable and clinically significant change methods to evidence-based mental health. Evidence Based Mental Health, 1 (3), 70–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eyberg, S.M. (1988). Parent–Child Interaction Therapy. Child & Family Behavior Therapy, 10 (1), 33–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eyberg, S.M. (1993). Consumer satisfaction measures for assessing parent training programs. Innovations in Clinical Practice: A Source Book, 12, 377–382.Google Scholar
Eyberg, S.M., & Pincus, D. (1999). ECBI & SESBI-R: Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory and Sutter–Eyberg Student Behavior Inventory – Revised: Professional Manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.Google Scholar
Eyberg, S.M., & Ross, A.W. (1978). Assessment of child behavior problems: The validation of a new inventory. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 7 (2), 113–116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fay, T.B., Yeates, K.O., Wade, S.L., Drotar, D., Stancin, T., & Taylor, H.G. (2009). Predicting longitudinal patterns of functional deficits in children with traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychology, 23 (3), 271–282.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Freeman, K.A., & DeCourcey, W. (2007). Further analysis of the discriminate validity of the Parenting Scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 29 (3), 169–176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Funderburk, B.W., Eyberg, S.M., Rich, B.A., & Behar, L. (2003). Further psychometric evaluation of the Eyberg and Behar rating scales for parents and teachers of preschoolers. Early Education & Development, 14 (1), 67–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ganesalingam, K., Yeates, K.O., Ginn, M.S., Taylor, H.G., Dietrich, A., Nuss, K., & Wright, M. (2008). Family burden and parental distress following mild traumatic brain injury in children and its relationship to post-concussive symptoms. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 33 (6), 621–629.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gerrard-Morris, A., Taylor, H.G., Yeates, K.O., Walz, N.C., Stancin, T., Minich, N., & Wade, S.L. (2010). Cognitive development after traumatic brain injury in young children. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 16 (1), 157–168.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goodman, R. (1997). The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: A research note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38 (5), 581–586.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goodman, R. (1999). The extended version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire as a guide to child psychiatric caseness and consequent burden. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 40 (5), 791–799.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gurdin, L.S., Huber, S.A., & Cochran, C.R. (2005). A critical analysis of data-based studies examining behavioral interventions with children and adolescents with brain injuries. Behavioral Interventions, 20 (1), 3–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hastings, R.P., & Beck, A. (2004). Practitioner review: Stress intervention for parents of children with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45 (8), 1338–1349.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hayes, S.C. (2004). Acceptance and commitment therapy, relational frame theory, and the third wave of behavioral and cognitive therapies. Behavior Therapy, 35 (4), 639–665.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayes, S.C. (2005). Get Out of Your Mind and Into Your Life. Oakland: New Harbinger Publications.Google Scholar
Hayes, S.C., Luoma, J.B., Bond, F.W., Masuda, A., & Lillis, J. (2006). Acceptance and commitment therapy: Model, processes and outcomes. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44 (1), 1–25.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hayes, S.C., Masuda, A., Bissett, R., Luoma, J., & Guerrero, L.F. (2004). DBT, FAP, and ACT: How empirically oriented are the new behavior therapy technologies? Behavior Therapy, 35 (1), 35–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayes, S.C., Strosahl, K., & Wilson, K.G. (1999). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Hayes, S.C., Strosahl, K.D., & Wilson, K.G. (2003). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy: An experiential approach to behavior change. New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Hayes, S.C., Strosahl, K., Wilson, K.G., Bissett, R.T., Pistorello, J., Toarmino, D., . . . Bergan, J. (2004). Measuring experiential avoidance: A preliminary test of a working model. The Psychological Record, 54 (4), 553–579.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hedeker, D.R., & Gibbons, R.D. (2006). Longitudinal data analysis. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Interscience.Google Scholar
Helps, Y., Henley, G., & Harrison, J. (2008). Hospital separations due to traumatic brain injury: Australia 2004–2005. Injury Research and Statistics Series. Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare.Google Scholar
Heyman, R.E., Sayers, S.L., & Bellack, A.S. (1994). Global marital satisfaction versus marital adjustment: An empirical comparison of three measures. Journal of Family Psychology, 8 (4), 432–446.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hollon, S.D., & Kendall, P.C. (1980). Cognitive self-statements in depression: Development of an automatic thoughts questionnaire. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 4 (4), 383–395.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hudson, A., Jauernig, R., Wilken, P., & Radler, G. (1995). Behavioural treatment of challenging behaviour: A cost–benefit analysis of a service delivery model. Behaviour Change, 12, 216–226.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jacobson, N.S., & Truax, P. (1991). Clinical significance: A statistical approach to defining meaningful change in psychotherapy research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 59 (1), 12–19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kaptein, S., Jansen, D., Vogels, A.G.C., & Reijneveld, S.A. (2008). Mental health problems in children with intellectual disability: Use of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 52 (2), 125–131.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kinsella, G., Ong, B., Murtagh, D., Prior, M., & Sawyer, M. (1999). The role of the family for behavioral outcome in children and adolescents following traumatic brain injury. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 67 (1), 116–123.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kurowski, B.G., Taylor, H.G., Yeates, K.O., Walz, N.C., Stancin, T., & Wade, S.L. (2011). Caregiver ratings of long-term executive dysfunction and attention problems after early childhood traumatic brain injury: Family functioning is important. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 3 (9), 836–845.Google ScholarPubMed
Laatsch, L., Harrington, D., Hotz, G., Marcantuono, J., Mozzoni, M. P., Walsh, V., & Hersey, K. P. (2007). An evidence-based review of cognitive and behavioral rehabilitation treatment studies in children with acquired brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 22 (4), 248–256.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lovibond, P.F., & Lovibond, S.H. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33 (3), 335–343.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lovibond, S.H., & Lovibond, P.F. (1995). Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. Sydney: Psychology Foundation.Google Scholar
Metzler, C.W., & Rusby, J.C. (n.d.). Questionnaire booklet: Evaluation of a video-based media series to promote effective parenting. Unpublished manuscript, Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, Oregon USA.Google Scholar
Micklewright, J.L., King, T.Z., O'Toole, K., Henrich, C., & Floyd, F.J. (2012). Parental distress, parenting practices, and child adaptive outcomes following traumatic brain injury. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 18 (2), 343–350.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miller, I.W., Epstein, N.B., Bishop, D.S., & Keitner, G.I. (1985). The McMaster Family Assessment Device: Reliability and validity. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 11 (4), 345–356.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nalder, E., Fleming, J., Cornwell, P., & Foster, M. (2012). Linked lives: The experiences of family caregivers during the transition from hospital to home following traumatic brain injury. Brain Impairment, 13 (1), 108–122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norton, R. (1983). Measuring marital quality: A critical look at the dependent variable. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 45 (1), 141–151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nowak, C., & Heinrichs, N. (2008). A comprehensive meta-analysis of Triple P-Positive Parenting Program using hierarchical linear modeling: Effectiveness and moderating variables. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 11 (3), 114–144.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Öst, L.G. (2008). Efficacy of the third wave of behavioral therapies: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46 (3), 296–321.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Plant, K.M., & Sanders, M.R. (2007). Reducing problem behavior during care-giving in families of preschool-aged children with developmental disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 28 (4), 362–385.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Potter, J.L., Wade, S.L., Walz, N.C., Cassedy, A., Stevens, M.H., Yeates, K.O., & Taylor, H.G. (2011). Parenting style is related to executive dysfunction after brain injury in children. Rehabilitation Psychology, 56 (4), 351–358.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Powers, M.B., Zum Vorde Sive Vording, M.B., & Emmelkamp, P.M. (2009). Acceptance and commitment therapy: a meta-analytic review. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 78 (2), 73–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Prigatano, G.P., & Gray, J.A. (2007). Parental concerns and distress after paediatric traumatic brain injury: A qualitative study. Brain Injury, 21 (7), 721–729.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rayfield, A., Eyberg, S.M., & Foote, R. (1998). Revision of the Sutter–Eyberg Student Behavior Inventory: Teacher ratings of conduct problem behavior. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 58 (1), 88–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rhoades, K.A. (2007). Factor structure and validity of the Parenting Scale. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 36 (2), 137–146.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roberts, C., Mazzucchelli, T., Studman, L., & Sanders, M.R. (2006). Behavioral family intervention for children with developmental disabilities and behavioral problems. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 35 (2), 180–193.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Robinson, E.A., Eyberg, S.M., & Ross, A.W. (1980). The standardization of an inventory of child conduct problem behaviors. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 9 (1), 22–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanders, M.R. (1999). Triple P-Positive Parenting Program: Towards an empirically validated multilevel parenting and family support strategy for the prevention of behavior and emotional problems in children. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 2 (2), 71–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sanders, M.R. (2012). Development, evaluation, and multinational dissemination of the Triple P-Positive Parenting Program. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 8, 345–379.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sanders, M.R., Markie-Dadds, C., Tully, L.A., & Bor, W. (2000). The Triple P-Positive Parenting Program: A comparison of enhanced, standard, and self-directed behavioral family intervention for parents of children with early onset conduct problems. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68 (4), 624–640.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanders, M.R., Mazzucchelli, T.G., & Studman, L. (2009). Facilitator's manual for Group Stepping Stones Triple P. Brisbane: Triple P International.Google Scholar
Sanders, M.R., Mazzucchelli, T.G., & Studman, L.J. (2010). Practitioner's manual for Standard Stepping Stones Triple P: For families with a child who has a disability. Brisbane: Triple P International Pty Ltd.Google Scholar
Sanders, M.R., Turner, K.M., & Markie-Dadds, C. (2002). The development and dissemination of the Triple P-Positive Parenting Program: A multilevel, evidence-based system of parenting and family support. Prevention Science, 3 (3), 173–189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanders, M.R., & Woolley, M.L. (2005). The relationship between maternal self-efficacy and parenting practices: Implications for parent training. Child: Care, Health and Development, 31 (1), 65–73.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Segal, Z.V., Mark, J., Williams, G., & Teasdale, J.D. (2002). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression: A new approach to preventing relapse. New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Singer, G.H.S., Glang, A., Nixon, C., Cooley, E., Kerns, K.A., Williams, D., & Powers, L.E. (1994). A comparison of two psychosocial interventions for parents of children with acquired brain injury: An exploratory study. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 9 (4), 38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sofronoff, K., Jahnel, D., & Sanders, M. (2011). Stepping Stones Triple P seminars for parents of a child with a disability: A randomized controlled trial. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32 (6), 2253–2262.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stancin, T., Wade, S.L., Walz, N.C., Yeates, K.O., & Taylor, H.G. (2008). Traumatic brain injuries in early childhood: Initial impact on the family. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 29 (4), 253–261.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Taylor, H.G., Yeates, K.O., Wade, S.L., Drotar, D., Stancin, T., & Burant, C. (2001). Bidirectional child and family influences on outcomes of traumatic brain injury in children. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 7 (6), 755–767.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, R., & Zimmer-Gembeck, M.J. (2007). Behavioral outcomes of Parent–Child Interaction Therapy and Triple Positive Parenting Program: A review and meta-analysis. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 35 (3), 475–495.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Verhaeghe, S., Defloor, T., & Grypdonck, M. (2005). Stress and coping among families of patients with traumatic brain injury: A review of the literature. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 14 (8), 1004–1012.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wade, S.L., Brown, T.M., Wolfe, C.R., & Pestian, J.P. (2005). Can a web-based family problem-solving intervention work for children with traumatic brain injury? Rehabilitation Psychology, 50 (4), 337–345.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wade, S.L., Carey, J., & Wolfe, C.R. (2006a). The efficacy of an online cognitive-behavioral family intervention in improving child behavior and social competence following pediatric brain injury. Rehabilitation Psychology, 51 (3), 179–189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wade, S.L., Carey, J., & Wolfe, C.R. (2006b). An online family intervention to reduce parental distress following pediatric brain injury. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74 (3), 445–454.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wade, S.L., Cassedy, A., Walz, N.C., Taylor, H.G., Stancin, T., & Yeates, K.O. (2011). The relationship of parental warm responsiveness and negativity to emerging behavior problems following traumatic brain injury in young children. Developmental Psychology, 47 (1), 119–133.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wade, S.L., Michaud, L., & Brown, T.M. (2006c). Putting the pieces together: Preliminary efficacy of a family problem-solving intervention for children with traumatic brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 21 (1), 57–67.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wade, S.L., Oberjohn, K., Burkhardt, A., & Greenberg, I. (2009). Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a web-based parenting skills program for young children with traumatic brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 24 (4), 239–247.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wade, S.L., Taylor, H.G., Drotar, D., Stancin, T., & Yeates, K.O. (1996). Childhood traumatic brain injury: Initial impact on the family. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 29 (6), 652–661.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wade, S.L., Taylor, H.G., Drotar, D., Stancin, T., Yeates, K.O., & Minich, N.M. (2002). A prospective study of long-term caregiver and family adaptation following brain injury in children. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 17 (2), 96–111.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wade, S.L., Taylor, H.G., Yeates, K.O., Drotar, D., Stancin, T., Minich, N.M., & Schluchter, M. (2006d). Long-term parental and family adaptation following pediatric brain injury. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 31 (10), 1072–1083.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wade, S.L., Walz, N.C., Carey, J.C., & Williams, K.M. (2008). Preliminary efficacy of a Web-based family problem-solving treatment program for adolescents with traumatic brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 23 (6), 369–377.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wade, S.L., Walz, N.C., Carey, J., Williams, K.M., Cass, J., Herren, L., . . . Yeates, K.O. (2010). A randomized trial of teen online problem solving for improving executive function deficits following pediatric traumatic brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 25 (6), 409–415.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wade, S.L., Wolfe, C., Brown, T.M., & Pestian, J.P. (2005). Putting the pieces together: Preliminary efficacy of a web-based family intervention for children with traumatic brain injury. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 30 (5), 437–442.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Webster-Stratton, C., & Hammond, M. (1990). Predictors of treatment outcome in parent training for families with conduct problem children. Behavior Therapy, 21 (3), 319–337.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whittingham, K., Sheffield, J., & Sofronoff, K. (2010). Stress management for parents: Acceptance and commitment therapy. Unpublished manuscript, School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.Google Scholar
Whittingham, K., Sofronoff, K., Sheffield, J., & Sanders, M.R. (2009). Stepping Stones Triple P: An RCT of a parenting program with parents of a child diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 37 (4), 469–480.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yeates, K.O., Taylor, H.G., Walz, N.C., Stancin, T., & Wade, S.L. (2010). The family environment as a moderator of psychosocial outcomes following traumatic brain injury in young children. Neuropsychology, 24 (3), 345–356.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ylvisaker, M., Turkstra, L., Coehlo, C., Yorkston, K., Kennedy, M., Sohlberg, M.M., & Avery, J. (2007). Behavioural interventions for children and adults with behaviour disorders after TBI: A systematic review of the evidence. Brain Injury, 21 (8), 769–805.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed