Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-30T15:27:38.121Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Income growth is unlikely to help, but we can learn from international comparisons

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 January 2020

ARIE KAPTEYN*
Affiliation:
Professor of Economics, Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
*
*Correspondence to: Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90007, USA. Email: [email protected]

Abstract

The paper by Paul Frijters, Andrew E. Clark, Christian Krekel and Richard Layard is a timely attempt to move subjective wellbeing (SWB) to the center of policy attention. I am essentially making three points. First of all, for this enterprise to be successful, one needs to have very solid evidence on what improves SWB and what does not. If policies are proposed that turn out not to improve SWB (or do so far less than expected), then the enterprise of making SWB the centerpiece of policy may be discredited before it has begun in earnest. As an example of this concern, my second point is that raising the incomes of all may have very disappointing effects on measured SWB. My third point is that at the current state of knowledge, the most fertile ground for learning about what works is to exploit international comparisons of policies and how these affect a nation's SWB.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alvarez-Diaz, A., Gonzalez, L. and Radcliff, B. (2010), ‘The politics of happiness: On the political determinants of quality of life in the American states’, The journal of politics, 72: 894905.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blanchflower, D. G., Bell, D. N., Montagnoli, A. and Moro, M. (2013), The effects of macroeconomic shocks on well-being. Manuscript, University of Stirling.Google Scholar
Boarini, R., Comola, M., Smith, C., Manchin, R. and DE Keulenaer, F. (2012), What makes for a better life?: The determinants of subjective well-being in OECD countries-Evidence from the Gallup World Poll. OECD Statistics Working Papers, 2012, 0_1.Google Scholar
Boarini, R., Comola, M., DE Keulenaer, F., Manchin, R. and Smith, C. (2013), ‘Can governments boost people's sense of well-being? The impact of selected labour market and health policies on life satisfaction’, Social indicators research, 114: 105120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bond, T. N. and Lang, K. (2019), ‘The sad truth about happiness scales’, Journal of Political Economy, 127: 000000.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brickman, P. and Campbell, D. (1971), Hedonic Relativism and Planning the Good Society. Adaptation Level Theory: A Symposium (Academic Press, New York), 1971.Google Scholar
Carleton, R. N., Norton, M. P. J. and Asmundson, G. J. (2007), ‘Fearing the unknown: A short version of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale’, Journal of anxiety disorders, 21: 105117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carr, E. and Chung, H. (2014), ‘Employment insecurity and life satisfaction: The moderating influence of labour market policies across Europe’, Journal of European Social Policy, 24: 383399.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, A. E., Diener, E., Georgellis, Y. and Lucas, R. E. (2008), ‘Lags and leads in life satisfaction: A test of the baseline hypothesis’, The Economic Journal, 118: F222F243.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Berker, A. O., Rutledge, R. B., Mathys, C., Marshall, L., Cross, G. F., Dolan, R. J. and Bestmann, S. (2016), ‘Computations of uncertainty mediate acute stress responses in humans’, Nature communications, 7: 10996.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
DI Tella, R., Macculloch, R. J. and Oswald, A. J. (2003), ‘The macroeconomics of happiness’, The review of Economics and Statistics, 85: 809827.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diener, E., Ng, W., Harter, J. and Arora, R. (2010), ‘Wealth and happiness across the world: material prosperity predicts life evaluation, whereas psychosocial prosperity predicts positive feeling’, Journal of personality and social psychology, 99: 52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Easterlin, R. A. (1974), Does economic growth improve the human lot? Some empirical evidence. Nations and households in economic growth. Elsevier.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Easterlin, R. A. (2013), ‘Happiness, growth, and public policy’, Economic Inquiry, 51: 115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fonseca, R., Kapteyn, A., Lee, J. and Zamarro, G. (2015), Does retirement make you happy? A simultaneous equations approach. Insights in the Economics of Aging. University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Helliwell, J. F. and Huang, H. (2008), ‘How's your government? International evidence linking good government and well-being’, British Journal of Political Science, 38: 595619.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kapteyn, A. (1977), A theory of preference formation, Pasmans.Google Scholar
Kapteyn, A. (1985), ‘Utility and economics’, De Economist, 133: 120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kapteyn, A., Smith, J. and Vansoest, A. (2007), ‘Vignettes and Self Reported Work Disability in the United States and the Netherland’, American Economic Review, 97: 461473.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kapteyn, A., Smith, J. P. and Van Soest, A. (2009), Life satisfaction. in Diener, E., Helliwell, J. F. and Kahneman, D. (eds), International Differences in Well-Being, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Kapteyn, A., Smith, J. P. and Van Soest, A. (2013), ‘Are Americans really less happy with their incomes?’, Review of Income and Wealth, 59: 4465.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kapteyn, A., Montgomery, M., Smith, J. P. and Soest, A. V. (2017), Life Satisfaction Within and Across Countries: The Role of Societal Capital and Relative Income. Center for Economic and Social Research Working Paper. Los Angeles: University of Southern California.Google Scholar
Kaufmann, D., Kraay, A. and Mastruzzi, M. (2009), Governance matters VIII: aggregate and individual governance indicators, 1996–2008.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindqvist, E., Östling, R. and Cesarini, D. (2018), Long-run effects of lottery wealth on psychological well-being. National Bureau of Economic Research.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Macleod, A. K., Williams, J. M. and Bekerian, D. A. (1991), ‘Worry is reasonable: The role of explanations in pessimism about future personal events’, Journal of Abnormal psychology, 100: 478.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Morduch, J. and Schneider, R. (2017), The financial diaries: How American families cope in a world of uncertainty, Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Oishi, S., Schimmack, U. and Diener, E. (2012), ‘Progressive taxation and the subjective well-being of nations’, Psychological science, 23: 8692.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pacek, A. and Radcliff, B. (2008a), ‘Assessing the welfare state: The politics of happiness’, Perspectives on Politics, 6: 267277.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pacek, A. C. and Radcliff, B. (2008b), ‘Welfare policy and subjective well-being across nations: An individual-level assessment’, Social Indicators Research, 89: 179191.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robertson, D. H. (1951), ‘Utility and All That 1’, The Manchester School, 19: 111142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sacks, D. W., Stevenson, B. and Wolfers, J. (2012), ‘The new stylized facts about income and subjective well-being’, Emotion, 12: 1181.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stevenson, B. and Wolfers, J. (2008), ‘Economic Growth and Subjective Well-Being: Reassessing the Easterlin Paradox’, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2008: 187.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stevenson, B. and Wolfers, J. (2013), ‘Subjective well-being and income: Is there any evidence of satiation?’, American Economic Review, 103: 598604.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stutzer, A. and Frey, B. S. (2006), ‘Does marriage make people happy, or do happy people get married?’, The Journal of Socio-Economics, 35: 326347.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trusts, P. C. (2015), Americans’ Financial Security: Perception and Reality. Philadelphia: Pew Charitable Trusts. http://www.pewtrusts.org/~/media/assets/2015/02/fsm-poll-results-issue-brief_artfinal_v3.pdf.Google Scholar
Van Praag, B. M. (1971), The welfare function of income in Belgium: An empirical investigation.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walsh, L. C., Boehm, J. K. and Lyubomirsky, S. (2018), ‘Does happiness promote career success? Revisiting the evidence’, Journal of Career Assessment, 26: 199219.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wansbeek, T. and Kapteyn, A. (1983), ‘Tackling hard questions by means of soft methods: The use of individual welfare functions in socio-economic policy’, Kyklos, 36: 249269.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wulfgramm, M. (2014), ‘Life satisfaction effects of unemployment in Europe: The moderating influence of labour market policy’, Journal of European Social Policy, 24: 258272.CrossRefGoogle Scholar