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Multicomponent Cognitive-Behavioural Intervention to Improve Sleep in Adolescents: A Multiple Baseline Design

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 September 2013

Melissa C. Hendricks ,
Cynthia M. Ward ,
Lauren K. Grodin  and
Keith J. Slifer
Melissa C. Hendricks*
Affiliation:
Kennedy Krieger Institute, and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
Cynthia M. Ward
Affiliation:
Kennedy Krieger Institute, and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
Lauren K. Grodin
Affiliation:
Kennedy Krieger Institute, and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
Keith J. Slifer
Affiliation:
Kennedy Krieger Institute, and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
*
Reprint requests to Melissa C. Hendricks, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Department of Behavioral Psychology, 707 North Broadway, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Background: Adolescents are prone to sleep problems that have unique developmental aspects and contribute to physical, emotional, and behavioural problems. Aims: This study evaluated an individualized, multicomponent intervention that considered developmental factors, and promoted age-appropriate autonomy in three adolescent females with disrupted sleep. Method: Adolescents recorded sleep data on daily logs. A nonconcurrent multiple baseline design was used to evaluate a cognitive-behavioural intervention including sleep hygiene training, bedtime routine development, cognitive restructuring, relaxation training, stimulus control, sleep restriction, bedtime fading, and problem-solving, along with clinically indicated individualization. Results: Outcomes demonstrated clinically meaningful improvements and decreased variability in sleep parameters following intervention. Each participant's sleep log data indicated improvement in, or maintenance of, adequate total sleep time (TST), decreased sleep onset latency (SOL), improved sleep efficiency (SE), improvement in time of sleep onset, and decreased or continued low frequency of night awakenings (NA). Anecdotally, adolescents and parents reported improvement in daytime functioning, coping, and sense of wellbeing. Conclusions: These cases highlight the potential for cognitive-behavioural interventions to facilitate healthy sleep in adolescents with challenging sleep problems.

Keywords

Adolescentscognitive-behavioural interventioninsomniahealth psychologysingle case experimental design
Type
Brief Clinical Reports
Information
Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy , Volume 42 , Issue 3 , May 2014 , pp. 368 - 373
Copyright
Copyright © British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies 2013 

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