Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T15:24:11.112Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

What ever happened to deep structure?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 February 2010

George Lakoff
George Lakoff
Affiliation:
Department of Linguistics, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. 94720
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Open Peer Commentary
Information
Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 3 , Issue 1 , March 1980 , pp. 22 - 23
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1980

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adinolfi, M. (1978) The immune system and the brain. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 20:509–16. [JCM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Andor, J. (1978) Case grammar, deep semantic relations and cognition. In: Dressier, W. U. and Meid, W., (eds.) Proceedings of the Twelfth Interna tional Congress of Linguists. pp. 163–66. Innsbruck: Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft, [JA]Google Scholar
Aslin, R. N., and Pisoni, D. B. (1980) Some developmental processes in speech perception. In: Yeni-Komshian, G. H.; Kavanagh, J. F.; and Ferguson, C. A. (eds.) Child phonology: perception and production. New York: Academic Press. [GG]Google Scholar
Bard, J. B. L. (1977) A unity underlying the different zebra striping patterns. Journal of Zoology, London 183:527–39. [JCM]Google Scholar
Beilin, H. (1975) Studies in the cognitive basis of language development. New York: Academic Press. [RFC]Google Scholar
Bellugi, U. (1967) The acquisition of the system of negation in children's speech. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Harvard University. [RFC]Google Scholar
Bellugi, U. (1971) Simplification in children's language. In: Huxley, R. and Ingram, E. (eds.) Language acquisition: models and methods, pp. 95–119. London and New York: Academic Press. [RFC]Google Scholar
Bernstein, L. (1976) The unanswered question. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press. [NC]Google Scholar
Bever, T. G. (1970) The cognitive basis for linguistic structures. In: Hayes, J. B. (ed.) Cognition and the development of language, pp. 279–362. New York: John Wiley & Sons [RFC]Google Scholar
Bever, T. G.; Lackner, J. R.; and Kirk, R. (1969) The underlying structures of sentences are the primary units of immediate speech processing. Perception and Psychophysics 5:225–34. [GH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blakemore, C. (1973) Developmental factors in the formation of feature extracting neurons. In: Schmitt, F. O. and Worden, F. C. (eds.) The neurosciences: third study program. Cambridge: MIT Press [NC]Google Scholar
Blank, M.; Gessner, M.; and Esposito, A. (1978) Language without communication: a case study (Mimeo). Dept. of Psychiatry, Rutgers Medical Sch. Piscataway, N.J. [NC]Google Scholar
Bower, G. H.; Black, J. B.; and Turner, T. J. (1979) Scripts in text comprehension and memory. Cognitive Psychology 11:177–220. [RCS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bradley, D.; Garrett, M. F.; and Zurif, E. (1979) Syntactic deficits in Broca's Aphasia. In: Caplan, D. (ed.) Biological studies of mental processes. Cambridge: MIT Press. [JM]Google Scholar
Bresnan, J. (1978) A realistic transformational grammar. In: Halle, M.; Bresnan, J. and Miller, I. (eds.) Linguistic theory and psychological reality. Cambridge: MIT Press. [JM]Google Scholar
Bruner, J. S.; Goodnow, J. J.; and Austin, G. A. (1956) A study of thinking. New York: John Wiley & Sons. [RFC]Google Scholar
Bryant, P. (1974) Perception and understanding in young children: an experimental approach. New York: Basic Books. [NC]Google Scholar
Catlin, J. (1978) Discussion of the chapters by Stolzenberg and Chomsky. In: Miller, C. A. and Lenneberg, E. (eds.) Psychology and biology of language and thought, pp. 271–80. New York: Academic Press. [RFC]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1957) Syntactic structures. The Hague: Mouton. [NC, RC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1962) Explanatory models in linguistics. In: Nagel, E.; Suppes, P.; and Tarski, A., (eds.) Logic, methodology, and philosophy of science. Stanford: Stanford Univ. Press. [RJM]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1965) Aspects of the theory of syntax. Cambridge: MIT Press. [NC, JDM. RJM]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1967) The formal nature of language. In: Lenneberg, E. H. (ed.) Biological foundations of language. New York: Wiley. [NC, RFC]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1968) Language and mind. New York: Harcourt Brace & World. [GS]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1969) Some empirical assumptions in modern philosophy of language. Morgenbesser, S.; Suppes, P.; and White, M. (eds.) Philosophy, Science and Method (Essays in honor of Ernest Nagel) New York: St. Martin's Press.Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1972) Language and mind. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. [NC]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1972a) Studies on semantics in generative grammar. The Hague. Mouton. [NC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1973) Problems of knowledge and freedom. London: Fontana. [GS]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1975a) Reflections on language. New York: Pantheon. [NC, GH, GL, JDM]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1975b) Knowledge of language. In: Cunderson, K. (ed.) Language, mind and knowledge. Minneapolis. Univ. of Minnesota Press. [NC]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1976a) Reflections on language. London: Temple Smith. [GS]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1976) On the nature of language. In: Hamad, S. R.; Steklis, H. D.; and Lancaster, J. (eds.) Origins and evolution of language and speech, p. 280. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. [NC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1977) Essays on form and Interpretation. New York: North Holland Elsevier. [NC]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1978) A theory of core grammar. Glot 1:7–26. [JCM]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1980) Rules and representations. New York: Columbia Univ. Press. [NC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chomsk, N. (Forthcoming) Human language and other semiotic systems. Semiotica. [NC]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. and Halle, , Morris, (1968) The sound pattern of English. New York: Harper and Row. [JDM]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. and Lasnik, H. (1977) Filters and control. Linguistic Inquiry 7:425–504. [JCM]Google Scholar
Clark, E. V. (1971) On the acquisition of the meaning of before and after. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behaviour 10:266–75. [RFC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, E. V. (1973a) How children describe time and order. In: Ferguson, C. A. and Slobin, D. I. (eds.) Studies of child language development, pp. 585–606. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. [RFC]Google Scholar
Clark, E. V. (1973b) Non-linguistic strategies and the acquisition of word meaning. Cognition 2:161–82. [RFC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coltheart, M.; Patterson, K.; and Marshall, J. C., (eds.) (1980) Deep dyslexia. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. [JCM]Google Scholar
Cooper, D. (1975) Knowledge of language. New York: Prism Press, London and Humanities Press. [SPS]Google Scholar
Cromer, R. F. (1968) The development of temporal reference during the acquisition of language. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Harvard University. [RFC]Google Scholar
Cromer, R. F. (1974) The development of language and cognition: the cognition hypothesis. In: Foss, B. (ed.) New perspectives in child development, pp. 184–252. Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin Books. [RFC]Google Scholar
Cromer, R. F. (1976a) The cognitive hypothesis of language acquisition and its implications for child language deficiency. In: Morehead, D. M., and Morehead, A. E. (eds) Normal and deficient child language, pp. 283–333. Baltimore, Maryland: University Park Press. [RFC]Google Scholar
Cromer, R. F. (1976b) Developmental strategies for language. In: Hamilton, V., and Vernon, M. D. (eds.) The development of cognitive processes, pp. 305–58. London and New York: Academic Press. [RFC]Google Scholar
Cromer, R. F. (in press) Reconceptualizing language acquisition and cognitive development. In: Schiefelbusch, R. L., and Bricker, D. (eds.) Early language intervention. Baltimore: University Park Press. [RFC]Google Scholar
Curtiss, S. (1977) Genie: a psycholinguistic study of a modern-day “wild child”. New York: Academic Press. [NC]Google Scholar
Danto, A. G., and Morgenbesser, S. (1957) Character and free will. Journal of Philosophy 54:502. [NC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, L., and Gardner, H. (1976) Strategies of mastering a visual communication system in aphasia. In: Hamad, S. R.; Steklis, H. D.; and Lancaster, J. (eds.) Origins and evolution of language and speech. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences: 280. [NC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denenberg, V. H.; Garbanati, J.; Sherman, G.; Yutzey, D. A.; and Kaplan, R. (1978) Infantile stimulation induces brain lateralization in rats. Science 201:1150–51. [NC]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dennett, D. C. (1975) Why the law of effect will not go away. Journal of the Theory of Social Behavior 5:169–87. [NC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dennett, D. C. (1978) Brainstorms. Montgomery, Vt.: Bradford Books. [SPS]Google Scholar
Dennis, M. (1978) Language acquisition in a single hemisphere: semantic organization. In: Caplan, D. (ed.) Biological studies of mental processes. Cambridge: MIT Press. [NC]Google Scholar
Dennett, D. C. (1980) Capacity and strategy for syntactic comprehension after left or right hemidecortication. Brain and Language 10. [JCM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dennett, D. C. and Whitaker, H. (1976) Language, acquisition following hemidecorticalion: linguistic superiority of the left over right hemisphere. Brain and Language 3:404–33. [NC]Google Scholar
Dewart, M. H. (1975) A psychological investigation of sentence comprehension by children. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University College, London. [RFC]Google Scholar
Donaldson, M. (1978) Children's minds. Glasgow: Fontana/Collins. [RFC]Google Scholar
Dennett, D. C. and Balfour, G. (1968) Less is more: a study of language comprehension in children. British Journal of Psychology 59:461–72. [RFC]Google Scholar
Dennett, D. C. and McCarrigle, J. (1974) Some clues to the nature of semantic development. Journal of Child Language 1:185–94. [RFC]Google Scholar
Donnellan, K. S. (1977) Review of Gunderson. Language. 53(3). [NC]Google Scholar
Dresher, B. E., and Hornstein, N. (1976) On some supposed contributions of artificial intelligence to the scientific study of language. Cognition 4:321–398. [NC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dresher, B. E., and Hornstein, N. (1977) Reply to Schank and Wilensky. Cognition 5:147–49. [NC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferreiro, E. (1971) Les relations temporelles dans le langage de l'enfant. Genève: Librairie Droz. [RFC]Google Scholar
Ferreiro, E., and Sinclair, H. (1971) Temporal relations in language. International Journal of Psychology 6: 39–47. [RFC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fillmore, C. J. (1975) An alternative to checklist theories of meaning. In: Cogen, C. et al. (eds.) Proceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, Berkeley, pp. 123–31. [JA]Google Scholar
Fillmore, C. J. (1977) The case for case reopened. In: Cole, P. and Sadock, J. M. (eds.) Syntax and Semantics Vol. 8., Grammatical Relations, pp. 59–81. New York: Academic Press. [JA]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fodor, J. A. (1975) Language of thought. New York: Thomas Crowell. [NC, HR]Google Scholar
Fodor, J. D. (1978) Parsing strategies and constraints on transformations. Linguistic Inquiry 9:427–73. [JCM]Google Scholar
Frankfurt, , Harry, , (1977) Descartes on the creation of the eternal truths. The Philosophical Review, LXXXVI:36–57. [DMR]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Galaburda, A. M.; Sanides, F.; and Geschwind, N. (1978) Human Brain: Cytoarchitectonic left-right asymmetries in the temporal speech region. Archives of Neurology 35:812–17. [JCM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gardner, H.; Zurif, E.; Berry, T.; and Baker, E. (1976) Visual communication in aphasia. Neuropsychologia 14:275–92. [NC]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ghiselin, M. T. (1974) A radical solution to the species problem. Systematic Zoology 23:536–44. [MTG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ghiselin, M. T. (1978) The economy of the body. American Economic Review 68:233–37.Google Scholar
Ghiselin, M. T. (1980 In press) Natural kinds and literary accomplishments. Michigan Quarterly Review. [MTG]Google Scholar
Glass, A. V.; Gazzaniga, M. S.; and Premack, D. (1973) Artificial language training in global aphasics. Neuropsychologia 11:95–103. [NC, RFC]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goosens, W. K. (1978) Reduction by molecular genetics. Philosophy of Science 45:73–95. [JCM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gottlieb, G. (1976a) The roles of experience in the development of behavior and the nervous system. In.: Gottlieb, G. (ed.) Development of neural and behavioral specificity. New York: Academic Press. [GG]Google Scholar
Gottlieb, G. (1976b) Conceptions of prenatal development: behavioral embryology. Psychological Review 83:215–34. [GG]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gottlieb, G. (in press) Development of species identification in ducklings: VI. Specific embryonic experience required to maintain species-typical perception in Peking ducklings. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology. [GG]Google Scholar
Graesser, A. C.; Gordon, S. E.; and Sawyer, J. D. (1979) Recognition memory for typical and atypical actions in scripted activities: tests of a script pointer and tag hypothesis. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 18:319–32. [RCS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Graves, C.; Katz, J. J.; Nishiyama, Y.; Soames, S.; Sleeker, B.; and Tovey, P. (1973) Tacit knowledge. Journal of Philosophy 70. [SPS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grice, H. P. (1957) Logic and Conversation. Unpublished William James lectures, Harvard Univ. [JRS]Google Scholar
Harman, G. (1973) Thought. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press. [GH]Google Scholar
Harnad, S. R.; Steklis, H. D.; and Lancaster, J. (eds.) (1976) Origins and evolution of language and speech. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences: 280. [NC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hill, J. H., and Most, R. B. (1978) Review of Hamnard, Steklis, and Lancaster (1976) Language 54:651–2. [NC]Google Scholar
Hindemith, P. (1961) A composer's world. New York: Anchor. [NC]Google Scholar
Hollander, B. (1920) In search of the soul. London: Kegan Paul. [JCM]Google Scholar
Hubel, D. H. (1978) Vision and the brain. Bulletin of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 31:28. [NC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hughes, J. (1972) Language and communication: acquisition of a non-vocal “language” by previously languageless children. Unpublished Bachelor of Technology thesis, Brunel University. [RFC]Google Scholar
Hughes, J. (1974/1975) Acquisition of a non-vocal “language” by aphasic children. Cognition 3:41–55. [RFC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hull, D. L. (1975) Central subjects and historical narratives. History and Theory 14:253–74. [MTG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hull, D. L. (1976) Are species really individuals? Systematic Zoology 25:174–91. [MTG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huttenlocher, J., and Strauss, S. (1968) Comprehension and a statement's relation to the situation it describes. Journal of Verbal Learning And Verbal Behaviour 7:300–4. [RFC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huttenlocher, J.; Eisenberg, K.; and Strauss, S. (1968) Comprehension: relation between perceived actor and logical subject. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behaviour 7:527–30. [RFC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackendoff, R. (1977) Review-article: Bernstein, The unanswered questions. Language 53:883–894. [NC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackendoff, R. (1979) How to keep ninety from rising. Linguistic Inquiry. 10:172–177. [NC]Google Scholar
Jackendoff, R. and Lerdahl, F. (forthcoming) A generative theory of tonal music. Cambridge: MIT Press. [NC]Google Scholar
Jacob, F. (1977) Evolution and tinkering. Science 196:1161–64. [NC]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jacob, F. (1978) Darwinism reconsidered. Le Monde Sept. 6–8, 1977; translated in Atlas. [NC]Google Scholar
Jahoda, G. (1979) On the nature of difficulties in spatio-perceptual tasks. British Journal of Psychology 70:351–63. [AM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jaisson, P. (1975) L'impregnation dans l'ontogenese des comportements de soins aux cocons chez la jeune formi rousse (Formica polyctena Forst.) Behaviour 52:1–37. [GG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenkins, L. (1978) Language and genetics. Theoretical Linguistics 5:77–82. [JCM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jerne, N. K. (1967) Antibodies and learning: selection versus instruction. In: Quarton, G. C.; Melnechuk, T.; and Schmitt, F. O. (eds.) The neurosciences: a study program. New York: Rockefeller Univ. Press. [NC]Google Scholar
Karmiloff-Smith, A. (1977) The child's construction of a syslem of plurifunctional markers. In: Bullowa, M. (Chair) Language development. Symposium presented at the biennial conference of the International Society for the Study of Behavioural Development, Pavia, Italy. [RFC]Google Scholar
Karmiloff-Smith, A. (1978) The interplay between syntax, semantics, and phonology in language acquisition processes. In: Campbell, B. N., and Smith, P. T. (eds.) Recent advances in the psychology of language: language development and mother-child interaction, pp. 1–23. New York: Plenum Press. [RFC]Google Scholar
Karmiloff-Smith, A. (1979) A functional approach to child language: a study of determiners and reference. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. [RFC]Google Scholar
Kasher, A. (1977) Foundations of philosophical pragmatics. In: Butts, R. E. and Hintikka, J. (eds.) Basic problems in methodology and linguistics: logic, methodology and philosophy of science, V. Dordrecht: Reidel. [NC]Google Scholar
Katz, J. (1972) Semantic theory. New York: Harper & Row. [NC]Google Scholar
Keil, F. C. (1979) Semantic and conceptual development. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press. [NC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kenny, , Anthony, , translator and editor. (1970) Descartes: philosophical letters. Oxford: Clarendon Press. [DMR]Google Scholar
Kintsch, W. (1977) Memory and cognition. New York: John Wiley. [JA]Google Scholar
Kintsch, W. and van Dijk, T. A. (1978) Toward a model of text comprehension and production. Psychological review 85:363–94. [JA]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kitcher, P. (1978) The nativist's dilemma. Philosophical Quarterly. [NC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koehler, O. (1956) The ability of birds to “count.” In: Newman, J. R., (ed.) The world of mathematics. New York: Simon & Schuster. [NC]Google Scholar
Kosslyn, S. (forthcoming) Image and mind. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press. [NC]Google Scholar
Koster, J. (1978) Locality principles in syntax. Dordrecht: Foris. [NC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lakoff, G. (1977) Linguistic gestalts. Proceedings of the Chicago Linguistics Society. 1050 E. 59 St., Chicago. [GL]Google Scholar
Lakoff, G. and Johnson, M. (1980) Metaphors we live by. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press. [GL]Google Scholar
Lehnert, W. G. (1977) The process of question answering. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. [RCS]Google Scholar
Lesky, E. (1970) Structure and function in Gall. Bulletin of the History of Medicine 44:297–314. [JCM]Google ScholarPubMed
Lewes, G. H. (1871) The history of philosophy from Thales to Comte. London: Longmans. [JCM]Google Scholar
Lightfoot, D. W. (1979) Principles of diachronic syntax. New York and Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. [NC]Google Scholar
Limber, J. (1977) Language in child and chimp? American Psychologist 32:280–94. [NC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lorenz, K. (1965) The evolution and modification of behavior. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press. [RVG]Google Scholar
Lycan, W. (in preparation) Functionalism and psychological laws. [SPS]Google Scholar
Macnamara, J. (1972) Cognitive basis of language learning in infants. Psychological Review 79:1–13. [RFC]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maratsos, M. P. (1973) The effects of stress on the understanding of pronominal co-reference in children. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 2:1–8. [RFC]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marcus, M. (1978) A theory of syntactic recognition for natural language. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. [PTWH]Google Scholar
Marr, D. (1976) Early processing of visual information. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, B, 275:483–524. [JCM]Google ScholarPubMed
Marr, D. and Nishihara, H. K. (1978) Visual information processing: artificial intelligence and the sensorium of sight. Technology Review 81:2–23. [NC]Google Scholar
Matthews, R. (1979) The plausibility of rationalism. To be presented to the annual meeting of the Society for Philosophy and Psychology, 03, 1980. [RJM]Google Scholar
Mehler, J. and Bertendini, J. (1979) Infants' perception of speech and other acoustic stimuli. In: Morton, J. and Marshall, J. (eds.) Psycholinguistic Seties II. Cambridge: MIT Press. [NC]Google Scholar
Minsky, M. (1977) Frame-system theory. In: Johnson-Laird, P. N. and Wason, P. C. (eds.) Thinking, pp. 355–76. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. [JA]Google Scholar
Moravcsik, J. (1975) Aitia as generative factor in Aristotle's philosophy. Dialogue. [NC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moravcsik, J. (1977) “How do words get their meaning?” Yehoshua Bar-Hillel lecture, Jerusalem, forthcoming. [NC]Google Scholar
Moravcsik, J. (1979) Understanding. Dialectica. [NC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nagel, T. (1969) Linguistics and epistemology. In: Hook, S. (ed.) Language and Philosophy. New York: New York Univ. Press. [SPS]Google Scholar
Nelson, K., and Gruendel, J. (1978) From person episode to social script: two dimensions in the development of event knowledge. Paper presented at the Biennial Meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, San Francisco. [RCS]Google Scholar
Newport, E.; Gleitman, H.; and Gleitman, L. (1977) Mother, I'd rather do it myself: some effects and non-effects of maternal speech style. In: Snow, C. E. and Ferguson, C. A. (eds.) Talking to children: language input and acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. [NC]Google Scholar
Ojemann, G., and Mateer, C. (1979) Human language cortex: localization of memory, syntax, and sequential motor-phoneme identification systems. Science 205:1401–3. [JCM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Osherson, D. N. (1976) Logical abilities in children. New York: Wiley. [NC]Google Scholar
Pinker, S. (1979) Formal models of language learning. Cognition 7:217–83. [PTWH, RJM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Premack, D. & Woodruff, C. (1978a) Chimpanzee problem-solving: a test for comprehension. Science 202:532–35. [NC]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Premacic, D. (1978b) Does the Chimpanzee have a theory of mind? The Behavioral and Brain Sciences 1:515–26. [NC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Putnam, H. (1962) It ain't necessarily so. Journal of Philosophy 59:658–71. [CH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quine, W. V. O. (1960). Word and object. New York: John Wiley & Sons. [JMM]Google Scholar
Quine, W. V. O. (1975) Mind and verbal dispositions. In: Guttenplan, S. (ed.) Mind and language. London: Oxford. [NC]Google Scholar
Reed, E. S. (1979) The role of symmetry in Ghiselin's “radical solution to the species problem.” Systematic Zoology 28:71–78. [MTG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rizzi, L. (1978) Violations of the Wh island constraint in Italian and the subjacency condition. In: Dubisson, C.; Lightfoot, D.; and Morin, Y. C. (eds.) Montreal Working Papers in Linguistics 2:155–90. [NC]Google Scholar
Rollin, B. (1971) Hume's blue patch and the mind's creativity. Journal of the History of Ideas XXXII:119ff. [BER]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rollin, B. (1976) Natural and conventional meaning: an examination of the distinction. The Hague: Mouton. [BER]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rollin, B. (1978) Thomas Reid and the semiotics of perception. The Monist 61:257ff. [BER]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sampson, G. R. (1978) Linguistic universals as evidence for empiricism. Journal of Linguistics 14:183–206. [GS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sampson, G. R. (1979) A non-nativist account of language universals. Linguistics and Philosophy 3:99–104. [GS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sampson, C. R. (1980) Making sense. Oxford and New York: Oxford Univ. Press. [GS]Google Scholar
Sapir, E. (1933) The psychological reality of the phonene. Reprinted in English translation in: Mandelbaum, D. C. (ed.) Selected writings of Edward Sapir. Berkeley and Los Angeles: Univ. of California Press, 1949. [NC]Google Scholar
Savage-Rumbaugh, K. S.; Rumbaugh, D. M.; and Boysen, S. (1978) Symbolic communication between two chimpanzees. Science 201:641–42. [NC]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schlesinger, I. M. (1977) Production and comprehension of utterances. Hills- dale, N.J.: L. Erlbaum [JA]Google Scholar
Schlesinger, I. M. (1979) Cognitive structures and semantic deep structures. Journal of Linguistics 15:307–24. [JA]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schopenhauer, A. (1974) The fourfold root of the principle of sufficient reason. La Salle, Illinois: Open Court. [NC]Google Scholar
Schwartz, R. (1969) On knowing a grammar. In: Hook, S. (ed.) Language and philosophy: New York: New York Univ. Press. [SPS]Google Scholar
Searle, J. R. (1969) Speech acts. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge Univ. Press. [JRS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Searle, J. R. (1976) The rules of the language game. Review article on Reflections on Language. Times Literary Supplement. 09 10. [NC, JRS]Google Scholar
Selfridge, M. (1979) A process model of language acquisition. Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT. [RCS]Google Scholar
Serpell, R. (1979) How specific are perceptual skills? British Journal of Psychology 70:365–80. [AM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sheldon, A. (1974) The role of parallel function in the acquisition of relative clauses in English. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behaviour 13:272–81. [RFC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simon, H. A. (1962) Thearchitectureof complexity. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 106:467–82; reprinted (1969) in The sciences of the artificial, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. [GS]Google Scholar
Slobin, D. I. (1978) Universal and particular in the acquisition of language. Paper presented at the workshop-conference, “Language acquisition: state of the art,” University of Pennsylvania. 05 19–22. [RFC]Google Scholar
Slobin, D. I. (1979) The role of language in language acquisition. Paper presented at the Eastern Psychological Association, Philadelphia, 04 21. [RFC]Google Scholar
Smedslund, J. (1961) The acquisition of conservation of substance and weight in children: III. Extinction of conservation of weight acquired “normally” and by means of empirical controls on a balance. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 2:85–87. [RFC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, N. (1979) Syntax for psychologists. In: Morton, J., and Marshall, J. C. (eds.) Psycholinguistics Series. Vol. 2. London: Elek. [JCM]Google Scholar
Snow, C. E., and Ferguson, C. A. (eds.) (1977) Talking to children: language input and acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. [RFC]Google Scholar
Staddon, J. E. R., and Simmelhag, V. L. (1971) The “superstitution” experiment: a reexamination of its implications for the principles of adaptive behavior. Psychological Review 78:16–43. [HR]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stich, S. (1971) What every speaker knows. Philosophical Review 80:476- 96. [SPS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stich, S. (1978a) Empiricism, innateness and linguistic universals. Philosophical Studies 33:273–86. [SPS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stich, S. (1978b) Beliefs and subdoxastic states. Philosophy of Science 45:499–518. [SPS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stich, S. (1979) Between Chomskian rationalism and Popperian empiricism. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 30. [SPS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strohner, H., and Nelson, K. E. (1974) The young child's development of sentence comprehension: influence of event probability, nonverbal context, syntactic form, and strategies. Child Development 45:567–76. [RFC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taub, E. (1976) Motor behavior following deafferentation in the developmentally and motorically mature monkey. In: Herrman, R. M.; Grillner, S.; Stein, P. S. G.; and Stuart, D. G. (eds.) Neural control of locomotion. New York: Plenum. [NC]Google Scholar
Terrace, H. (forthcoming) Is problem solving language? Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior. [NC]Google Scholar
Twaddell, W. F. (1935) On defining the phoneme. Language Monograph No. 16. [NC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ullman, S. (1978) The interpretation of visual motion. Cambridge: MIT Press. [NC]Google Scholar
van Dijk, T. A. (1977) Contest and Cognition: Knowledge frames and speech act comprehension. Journal of Pragmatics 1:211–32. [JA]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Velletri-Glass, A.; Gazzaniga, M.; and Premack, D. (1973) Artificial language training in global aphasics. Neuropsychologia 11:95–104. [NC, RFC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walter, J. C. (1805) Etwas über Herrn Dr. Gall's Hlrnschädellehre. Berlin: Scherer. [JCM]Google Scholar
Wexler, K. (1978) A principle theory for language acquisition, Social Science Research Reports, vol. 20, Univ. of California, Irvine. [NC]Google Scholar
Wiens, J. A. (1970) Effects of early experience on substrate pattern selection in Rana aurora tadpoles. Copeia No. 3, 543–48. [GG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilcox, S., and Palermo, D. S. (1975) “In,” “on,” and “under” revisited. Cognition 3:245–54. [RFC]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkes, K. V. (1980) Brain lesions. Philosophical Quarterly, forthcoming. [AM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, M. (1977) Groundless belief. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press. [NC]Google Scholar
Winograd, T. (1972) Understanding natural language. Cognitive Psychology 2:1–191. [SPS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Winograd, T. (1976) Towards a procedural understanding of semantics. Revue Internationale de Philosophie 30:260–303. [GH]Google Scholar
Young, R. M. (1970) Mind, brain and adaptation in the nineteenth century. Oxford: Clarendon Press. [JCM]Google Scholar
Zangwill, O. L. (1978). Aphasia and the concept of brain centers. In: Miller, C. A., and Lenneberg, E. (eds.) Psychology and biology of language and thought. New York: Academic Press. [JM]Google Scholar
Zeki, S. M. (1978) Functional specialization in the visual cortex of the rhesus monkey. Nature 274:423–28. [JCM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed