Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T22:55:36.807Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

“They who dream by day”: Parallels between Openness to Experience and dreaming

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 November 2013

Colin G. DeYoung
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455. [email protected]@gmail.comhttp://www.tc.umn.edu/~cdeyoung/
Rachael G. Grazioplene
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455. [email protected]@gmail.comhttp://www.tc.umn.edu/~cdeyoung/

Abstract

Individuals high in the personality trait Openness to Experience appear to engage spontaneously (during wake) in processes of elaborative encoding similar to those Llewellyn identifies in both dreaming and the ancient art of memory (AAOM). Links between Openness and dreaming support the hypothesis that dreaming is part of a larger process of cognitive exploration that facilitates adaptation to new experiences.

Type
Open Peer Commentary
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adelstein, J. S., Shehzad, Z., Mennes, M., DeYoung, C. G., Zuo, X.-N., Kelly, C. Margulies, D. S., Bloomfield, A., Gray, J. R., Castellanos, F. X. & Milham, M. P. (2011) Personality is reflected in the brain's intrinsic functional architecture. PLoS ONE 6:e27633. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0027633.Google Scholar
Cai, D. J., Mednick, S. A., Harrison, E. M., Kanady, J. C. & Mednick, S. C. (2009) REM, not incubation, improves creativity by priming associative networks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 106(25):10130–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DeYoung, C. G. (in press) Openness/Intellect: A dimension of personality reflecting cognitive exploration. In: The APA handbook of personality and social psychology, vol. 3: Personality processes and individual differences, ed. Larsen, R. & Cooper, M. L.. American Psychological Association.Google Scholar
DeYoung, C. G., Cicchetti, D., Rogosch, F. A., Gray, J. R., Eastman, M. & Grigorenko, E. L. (2011) Sources of cognitive exploration: Genetic variation in the prefrontal dopamine system predicts Openness/Intellect. Journal of Research in Personality 45:364–71.Google Scholar
DeYoung, C. G., Grazioplene, R. G. & Peterson, J. B. (2012) From madness to genius: The Openness/Intellect trait domain as a paradoxical simplex. Journal of Research in Personality 46:6378 Google Scholar
Grazioplene, R. G., DeYoung, C. G., Rogosch, F. A. & Cicchetti, D. (2013) A novel differential susceptibility gene: CHRNA4 and moderation of the effect of maltreatment on child personality. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 54:872–80.Google Scholar
John, O. P., Naumann, L. P. & Soto, C. J. (2008) Paradigm shift to the integrative Big Five trait taxonomy: History, measurement, and conceptual issues. In: Handbook of personality: Theory and research, ed. John, O. P., Robins, R. W. & Pervin, L. A., pp. 114–58. Guilford Press.Google Scholar
McCrae, R. R. (1987) Creativity, divergent thinking, and openness to experience. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 52:1258–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nir, Y. & Tononi, G. (2010) Dreaming and the brain: From phenomenology to neurophysiology. Trends in Cognitive Science 14(2):88100. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2009.12.001.Google Scholar
Peterson, J. B. & DeYoung, C. G. (2000) Metaphoric threat is more real than real threat. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 23:992–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poe, E. A. (1848/1975) Eleonora. In: The complete tales and poems of Edgar Allan Poe, pp. 649–53. Random House. (Original work published in 1848).Google Scholar
Saucier, G. (1992) Openness versus intellect: Much ado about nothing? European Journal of Personality 6:381–86.Google Scholar
Silvia, P. J., Nusbaum, E. C., Berg, C., Martin, C. & O'Connor, A. (2009) Openness to experience, plasticity, and creativity: Exploring lower-order, high-order, and interactive effects. Journal of Research in Personality 43:1087–90.Google Scholar
Silvia, P. J., Winterstein, B. P., Willse, J. T., Barona, C. M., Cram, J. T., Hess, K. I., Martinez, J. L. & Richard, C. A. (2008) Assessing creativity with divergent thinking tasks: Exploring the reliability and validity of new subjective scoring methods. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts 2:6885.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Solms, M. (2000) Dreaming and REM sleep are controlled by different brain mechanisms. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 23:843–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spoont, M. R. (1992) Modulatory role of serotonin in neural information processing: Implications for human psychopathology. Psychological Bulletin 112:330–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Takeuchi, H., Taki, Y., Hashizume, H., Sassa, Y., Nagase, T., Nouchi, R. & Kawashima, R. (2012) The association between resting functional connectivity and creativity. Cerebral Cortex 12:2921–29. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhr371.Google Scholar
Wagner, U., Gais, S. & Born, J. (2001) Emotional memory formation is enhanced across sleep intervals with high amounts of rapid eye movement sleep. Learning and Memory 8:112–19.Google Scholar
Wagner, U., Gais, S., Haider, H., Verleger, R. & Born, J. (2004) Sleep inspires insight. Nature 427(6972):352–55.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Watson, D. (2003) To dream, perchance to remember: Individual differences in dream recall. Personality and Individual Differences 34:1271–86.Google Scholar
Yu, A. J. & Dayan, P. (2005) Uncertainty, neuromodulation, and attention. Neuron 46:681–92.Google Scholar