Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T17:41:31.391Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Psychophysical scaling: A conditional defense of R=f(I)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 February 2010

Adam Reeves
Adam Reeves*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston MA 02115. [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Psychophysical scales can be constructed under suitable restrictions from appropriate data, but they still do not justify privileged internal sensations.

Type
Article Commentary
Information
Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 18 , Special Issue 3: An International Journal of Current Research and Theory with Open Peer Commentary , September 1995 , pp. 605 - 606
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1995

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anderson, N. H. (1992) Integration psychophysics is not traditional psychophysics. Behavior and Brain Sciences 15:559–60. [HER]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bolanowski, S. J. (1992) Lockhead's view of scaling: Something's fishy here. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15(3):560. [FM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bonnet, C. (1992) Psychophysical scaling within an inforamation processing approach? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15(3):560–61. [FM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boretzki, M., Heller, O., Knoblach, W., Fichtl, E., Stock, A. & Opitz, M. (1994) Untersuchungen zur reliabilität und sensitivität der hörfeldaudiometrie. In: Fortschritte der akustik (DAGA 1994). Dresden. [FM]Google Scholar
Borg, G. (1992) Psychophysical scaling: To describe relations or to uncover a law? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15(3):561–62. [FM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brodie, E. E. & Ross, H. E. (1985) Jiggling a lifted weight does aid discrimination. American Journal of Psychology 98:469–71. [HER]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bruno, N. & Cutting, J. E. (1988) Minimodularity and the perception of layout. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 117:161–70. [DWM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brunswik, E. (1934) Wahrehmung und gegenstandswelt. Deuticke. [DWM]Google Scholar
Brunswik, E. (1955) Representative design and probabilistic theory in a functional psychology. Psychological Beview 62:193–217. [DWM]Google Scholar
Cross, D. V., Tursky, B. & Lodge, M. (1975) The role of regression and range effects in determination of the power function for electric shock. Perception and Psychophysics 18:9–14. [ECP]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crowder, R. G. (1989) Imagery for musical timbre. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 15:472–78. [rGRL]Google Scholar
Crowder, R. G. (1991) Imagery and the perception of musical timbre. In: The perception of structure, ed. Lockhead, G. R. & Pomerantz, J. R.. American Psychological Association. [rGRL]Google Scholar
Eisler, H. (1992) Psychophysical invariance, perceptual invariance and the physicalistic trap. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15(3):566–67. [HER, FM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fechner, G. (1860) Elemente der psychophysik. Leipzig: Breithopf & Härtel. [FM]Google Scholar
Fichtl, E. (1993) Urteilseffekte bei der lautheitsskalierung. Unpublished thesis, Würzburg University. [FM]Google Scholar
Fletcher, H. & Munson, W. A. 91993) Loudness, its definition, measurement and calculation. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 5:82–108. [FM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gabriel, B., Kollmeier, B. & Mellert, V. (1994) Einfluβ verschiedener meBmethoden auf die kurven gleicher pegellautstarke. In: Forschritte der Akustik (DAGA 1994). Dresden. [FM]Google Scholar
Garner, W. R. (1970) The stimulus in information processing. American Psychologist 25:350–58. [DWM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garner, W. R. (1974) The processing of information and structure. Erlbaum. [rGRL]Google Scholar
Gescheider, G. A. (1992) The complexity and importance of the psychophysical scaling of sensory attributes. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15(3):567. [FM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hellbrück, J. (1980) Kontext und orientiertheit. In: Beiträge zur psychologischen bezugssytemforschung, ed. Lauterbach, W. & Sarris, V.. Huber. [FM]Google Scholar
Hellbrück, J., Gutwirth, I. & Ellermeier, W. (1980) Fechner'sche skala, kategorienskala und verhaltnisskala: Experimentelle beitrage zur psychologisierung der psychophysik. In: Forschungsbericht 1979, ed. Heller, O.. Würzburger Psychologisches Institut. [FM]Google Scholar
Heller, O. (1980) Orientierung innerhalf von phänomenalen steigerungsreihen. In: Beitrdge zur psychologischen bezugssytemforschung, ed. Lauterbach, W. & Sarris, V.. Huber. [FM]Google Scholar
Heller, O. (1981) Adaptationsniveautheorie zwishen wahmehmung und urteil. In: Beiträge zur methodik der differentiellen, diagnostischen und klinischen psychologic, ed. Janke, W.. Konigstein. [FM]Google Scholar
Heller, O. (1982) Theorie und praxis des verfahrens der kategorienunterteilung (KU). In: Forschungsbericht 1981, Psychologisches Institut Lehrstuhl III, ed. Heller, O.. [FM]Google Scholar
Heller, O. (1985) Hörfeldaudiometrie mit dem verfahren der kategorienunterteilung (KU). Psychologische Beiträge 27:478–93. [FM]Google Scholar
Heller, O. (1990) Scaling and orientation. In: Fechner Day '90: Proceedings of the sixth annual meeting of the International Society for Psychophysics, ed. Muller, F.. Wurzburg. [FM]Google Scholar
Helson, H. (1964) Adaptation-level theorie. Harper & Row. [FM]Google Scholar
Hershberger, W. & Misceo, G. (1975) A conditioned weight illusion: Reafference learning without a correlation store. Perception and Psychophysics 33:391–98. [HER]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holland, M. & Lockhead, G. R. (1968) Sequential effects in absolute judgments of loudness. Perception and Psychophysics 3:409–14. [rGRL]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
James, W. (1890/1950) The principles of psychology. Dover. [DWM]Google Scholar
Jones, L. A. (1986) Perception of force and weight: Theory and research. Psychological Bulletin 100:29–42. [HER]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Krueger, L. E. (1989) Reconciling Fechner and Stevens: Towards a unified psychophysical law. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12:251–57. [DWM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krueger, L. E. (1992) Will the real stimulus please step forward? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15:570–72. [HER]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Laming, D. (1992) Two categories of contextual variable in perception. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15(3):572–73. [FM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lockhead, G. R. (1966) Effects of dimensional redundancy on visual discrimination. Journal of Experimental Psychology 72:95–104. [rGRL]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lockhead, G. R. (1972) Processing dimensional stimuli: A note. Psychological Review 79:410–19. [rGRL]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lockhead, G. R. (1979) Holistic versus analytic processes: A reply. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 5:746–55. [rGRL]Google Scholar
Lockhead, G. R. (1992) Psychophysical scaling: Judgments of attributes or objects? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15(3)543–58. [ECP, DWM, HER, rGRL]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lockhead, G. R. (1993) A parallel view of the history of psychophysics. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 16:154–55. [rGRL]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Macmillan, N. & Creelman, C. S. (1991) Detection theory: A users guide. Cambridge University Press. [DWM]Google Scholar
Marcell, A. J. (1983) Conscious and unconscious perception: An approach to the relations between phenomenal experience and perceptual processes. Cognitive Psychology 15:238–300. [DWM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Massaro, D. W. (1987) Speech perception by ear and eye: A paradigm for psychological inquiry. Erlbaum. [DWM]Google Scholar
Massaro, D. W. (1988) Ambiguity in perception and experimentation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 17:417–21. [DWM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Massaro, D. W. (1989a) Experimental psychology and information processing. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. [DWM]Google Scholar
Massaro, D. W. (1989b) Multiple book review of Speech perception by ear and eye: A paradigm for psychological inquiry . Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12:741–94. [DWM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Massaro, D. W. (1992) Broadening the domain of the fuzzy logical model of perception. In: Cognition: Conceptual and methodological issues, ed. Pick, H. L. Jr, P. Wan den Broek, & D. C. Knill. American Psychological Association. [DWM]Google Scholar
Massaro, D. W. & Cohen, M. M. (1991) Interactive activation and the joint influence of sensory information and context in perception. Cognitive Psychology 23:558–614. [DWM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Massaro, D. W. (1993) The paradigm and the fuzzy logical model of perception are alive and well. Journal of Experimental Psychological: General 122:115–124. [DWM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Massaro, D. W. & Cowan, N. (1993) Information processing models: Microscopes of the mind. Annual Review of Psychology 44:383–425. [DWM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McKenna, F. P. (1985) Another look at the “new psychophysics.” British Journal of Psychology 76:97–109. [HER]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mittenecker, E. (1975) Der einfluβ der erfahrung auf die psychologische skalierung. Psychologische Beiträge 16:288–99. [FM]Google Scholar
Monahan, J. S. & Lockhead, G. R. (1977) Identification of integral stimuli. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 106:94–110. [rGRL]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, J. J. & Massaro, D. W. (1973) Attention and processing capacity in auditory recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology 99:49–54. [DWM, rGRL]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Müller, F. (1987) Skalierung und bezugssytem der tonheit. Unpublished dissertation, Wurzburg University. [FM, rGRL]Google Scholar
Müller, F. (1988) Range effects in pitch scaling: A compromise between ‘rubber scale principle’ and ‘true’ (ecologically valid) series. In: Proceedings of the fourth annual meeting of the International Society for Psychophysics, Stirling, Scotland, ed. Ross, H.. [FM]Google Scholar
Müller, F. (1989) Assessment of hearing loss by direct scaling of loudness: Report on the Wurzburg research programme. In: Proceedings of the fifth annual meeting of the International Society for Psychophysics, Cassis, France, ed. Canevet, G., Schark, B., Bonnel, A.-M. & Possamai, C.-A.. [FM]Google Scholar
Müller, F. (1991) Range-frequency effects in pitch scaling: Influence of range of series and process of judgment on the value of frequency effect. In: Proceedings of the seventh annual meeting of the International Society for Pscychophysics, ed. Lockhead, G. L.. [FM]Google Scholar
Müller, F. & Fichtl, E. (1993) Context effects in loudness scaling and reaction time task. In: Proceedings of the ninth annual meeting of the International Society for Psychophysics, Pahna de Mallorca, Spain, ed. Garriga-Trillo, A., Minon, P. R., Garcia-Gallego, C., Lubin, P., Merino, J. M. & Villarino, A.. [FM]Google Scholar
Müller, F. (1994) The measurement of equal loudness contours using a direct scaling procedure and validation by equal time contours. In: Proceedings inter noise '94, Noise—Quantity and Quality, vol. 2. Yokohama, Japan. [FM]Google Scholar
Müller, G. E. & Martin, L. J. (1899) Zur analyse der unterschiedsempfindlichkeit. Barth. [FM]Google Scholar
Neely, G. & Muller, F. (1993) Psychophysical scaling procedures oriented on the phenomenon. In: Proceedings of the ninth annual meeting of the International Society for Psychophysics, Palma de Malloca, Spain, ed. Garriga-Trillo, A., Minon, P. R., Garcia-Gallego, C., Lubin, P., Merino, J. M. & Villarino, A.. [FM]Google Scholar
Noorlander, C., Heuts, M. J. G. & Koendrink, J. J. (1981) Sensitivity to spatiotemporal combined luminance and chromatic contrast. Journal of the Optical Society of America 71:453–59. [AR]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nowak, T. (1980) Der mensch als schallmessinstrument. In: Forschungsbericht 1979, Psychologisches Institut Lehrstuht III, ed. Heller, O.. [FM]Google Scholar
Pfingst, B. E., Hienz, R., Kimm, J. & Miller, J. (1975) Reaction-time procedure for measurement of hearing: 1. Suprathreshold functions. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 57(2):421–29. [FM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poulton, E. C. (1989) Bias in quantifying judgments. Erlbaum. [ECP, HER, rGRL]Google Scholar
Reeves, A. (1983) Distinguishing opponent and non-opponent detection pathways in early dark adaptation. Vision Research 23:647–54. [AR]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Robinson, D. W. & Dadson, R. S. (1956) A re-determination of the equalloudness relations for pure tones. British Journal of Applied Physics 7:166–81. [FM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robinson, G. H. (1976) Biasing power law exponents by magnitude estimation instructions. Perception and Psychophysics 19:80–84. [ECP]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ross, H. E. (1966) Sensory information necessary for the size-weight illusion. Nature 212:650. [HER]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ross, H. E. (1981) How important are changes in body weight for mass perception? Acta Astronautica 8:1051–58. [HER]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ross, H. E. (1992) Command signals and the perception of force, weight and mass. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15:793. [HER]Google Scholar
Ross, H. E. (1993) Unwarranted popularity of a power function for heaviness estimates. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 16:159–60. [HER]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ross, H. E. & Reschke, M. F. (1982) Mass estimation and discrimination during brief periods of zero gravity. Perception and Psychophysics 31:429–36. [HER]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ross, H. E., Schwartz, E. & Emmerson, P. (1987) The nature of sensorimotor adaptation to altered G levels: Evidence from mass discrimination. Aviation, Space and Environmental Medicine 58(9, Suppl.):A148–52. [HER]Google ScholarPubMed
Sarris, V. (1971) Wahmehmung und urteil. Hogrefe. [FM]Google Scholar
Schüssler, S. (1981) Range-frequency: Theorie und orientierungstheorie. Unpublished dissertation, Wurzburg University. [FM]Google Scholar
Selz, O. (1941) Die'aufbauprinzipien der phanomenalen welt. Acta Psychologica 5:7–36. [FM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shepard, R. N. (1991) Integrality versus separability of stimulus dimensions: From an early convergence of evidence to a proposed theoretical basis. In: The perception of structure, ed. Lockhead, G. R. & Pomerantz, J. R.. American Psychological Association. [rGRL]Google Scholar
Stevens, S. S. (1957) On the psychophysical law. Psychological Review 64:153–81. [FM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stevens, S. S. (1958) Adaptation-level vs. the relativity of judgment. American Journal of Psychology 71:633–46. [FM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stevens, S. S. (1961) To honor Fechner and to repeal his law. Science 133:80–86. [FM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stevens, S. S. (1966) A metric for social consensus. Science 151:530–41. [ECP]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stevens, S. S. (1971) Issues in psychophysical measurement. Psychological Review 78:426–50. [ECP]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stevens, S. S. (1975) Psychophysics: Introduction to its perceptual, neural, and social prospects, ed. Stevens, G.. Wiley. [FM]Google Scholar
Stevens, S. S. & Poulton, E. C. (1956) The estimation of loudness by unpracticed observers. Journal of Experimental Psychology 51:71–78. [ECP]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stiles, W. S. (1939) The direction sensitivity of the retina and the spectral sensitivity of the retina and the spectral sensitivities of the rods and cones. Philosophical Transactions of the Boyal Society (London) B 70:71–81. [AR, rGRL]Google Scholar
Stiles, W. S. (1953/1978) Further studies of visual mechanisms by the two-colour threshold technique. In: Mechanisms. of color vision, ed. Stiles, W. S.. Academic Press. [AR]Google Scholar
Stockman, A. & Mollon, J. D. (1986) The spectral sensitivities of the middleand long-wavelength cones: An extension of the two-colour threshold technique of W. S. Stiles. Perception 15:729–54. [AR]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stromeyer, C. F., Cole, G. R. & Kronauer, R. E. (1987) Chromatic suppression of cone inputs to the luminance flicker mechanism. Vision Research 27:1113–37. [AR]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teghtsoonian, R. (1992) Selecting one attribute for judgment is not an act of stupidity. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15:580–81. [HER]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, L. W. & Massaro, D. W. (1989) Before you see it, you see its parts: Evidence for feature encoding and integration in preschool children and adults. Cognitive Psychology 21:334–62. [DWM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Treisman, M. (1992) Do we scale “objects” or isolated sensory dimensions? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15:581–84. [HER]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ulshöfer-Heinloth, E. (1964) Studien zur sprachkommunikativen orientierung. Unpublished dissertation, Tübingen. [FM]Google Scholar
Van Brakel, J. (1992) Ceteris paribus laws. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15:584–85. [HER]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Warren, R. M. (1992) Relation of sensory scales to physical scales. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15:586–87. [HER]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Werner, H. (1957) Comparative psychology of mental development. International Universities Press. [DWM]Google Scholar
Witte, W. (1958) Einfuhrung in die mathematische behandlung psychologischer probleme. In: Psychologisches Worterbush, 6 auflage, ed. Dorsch, F.. Hamburg: Bern. [FM]Google Scholar
Witte, W. (1960) Über phänomenskalen. Psychologische Beiträge 4:645–72. [FM]Google Scholar
Witte, W. (1966) Das problem der bezugssyteme. In: Handbuch der psychologie, band 1:1. Halbband, ed. Metzger, W.. Hogrefe. [FM]Google Scholar