Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T12:44:43.247Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Interaction and dependence prevent estimation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 May 2011

R. M. Dudley
R. M. Dudley
Affiliation:
Mathematics Department, Room 2-245, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Open Peer Commentary
Information
Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 13 , Issue 1 , March 1990 , pp. 132 - 133
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1990

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adams, A. & Bullock, D. (1986) Apprenticeship in word use: Social convergence processes in learning categorically related nouns. In: The development of word meaning, ed. Kuczaj, S. A. & Barrett, M. D.. Springer-Veriag. {DB}Google Scholar
Adams, K. M., Brown, G. G. & Grant, I. (1985) Analysis of covariance as a remedy for demographic mismatch of research subject groups: Some sobering simulations. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 7: 445–62. {DVC}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Alberch, P. (1983) Mapping genes to phenotypes, or the rules that generate form. Evolution 37: 861–63. {DAC}Google Scholar
American, Psychiatric Association (1980) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 3d ed. American Psychiatric Association. {PM}Google Scholar
Anastasi, A. (1958) Heredity, environment, and the question “How?” Psychological Review 65: 197–208. {JH}CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Areen, J. (1985) Case material on family law. Foundation Press. {PHS}Google Scholar
Atkinson, B. G., & Walden, D. B., eds. (1985) Changes in eukaryotic gene expression in response to environmental stress. Academic Press. {aDW}Google Scholar
Baker, B. O., Hardyck, C. D. & Petrinovich, L. F. (1966) Weak measurements vs. strong statistics: An empirical critique of S. S. Stevens’s proscriptions on statistics. Educational and Psychological Measurements 26: 291–309. {DAC}Google Scholar
Bates, D. M., & Watts, D. G. (1988) Nonlinear regression analysis and its applications. Wiley. {CG}Google Scholar
Bateson, P. (1987) Biological approaches to the study of behavioral development. International Journal of Behavioral Development 10: 1–22. {aDW, PM}CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bateson, P. & D’Udine, B. (1986) Exploration in two inbred strains of mice and their hybrids: Additive and interactive models of gene expression. Animal Behaviour 34: 1026–32. {rDW}Google Scholar
Bauer, S. J., & Sokolowski, M. B. (1985) A genetic analysis of path length and pupation height in a natural population of Drosophila melanogaster. Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 27: 334–40. {rDW}Google Scholar
Beardsley, T. (1988) Developmental dialectics. Scientific American 259(Nov.):40–41. {rDW}Google Scholar
Bebbington, P. E., Brugha, T., MacCarthy, B., Potter, J., Sturt, E., Wykes, T., Katz, R. & McGuffin, P. (1988) The Camberwell collaborative depression study. 1. Depressed probands: Adversity and the form of depression. British Journal of Psychiatry 152: 754–65. {PM}Google Scholar
Bebbington, P. E., Hurry, J., Tennant, C., Sturat, E. & Wing, J. K. (1981) Epidemiology of mental disorders in Camberwell. Psychological Medicine 11: 561–79. {PM}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bellward, K. & Dauncey, M. J. (1988) Behavioural energy regulation in lean and genetically obese (ob/oh) mice. Physiology and Behavior 42: 433–38. {rDW}Google Scholar
Benkel, B. F., & Hickey, D. A. (1987) A Drosophila gene is subject to glucose repression. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 84: 1337–39. {aDW}Google Scholar
Berger, J. O., & Berry, D. A. (1988) Statistical analysis and the illusion of objectivity. American Scientist 76: 159–65. {rDW}Google Scholar
Bignami, G. & Bovet, D. (1965) Experience de selection par rapport a une reaction conditionnee d’evitement chez le rat. Comptes Rendus de I’Academie de Science 260: 1239–44. {H-PL}Google Scholar
Billings-Gagliardi, S. & Wolf, M. K. (1988) Shiverer*jimpy double mutant mice. IV. Five combinations of allelic mutations produce three morphological phenotypes. Brain Research 455: 271–82. {rDW}Google Scholar
Blau, H. M., Pavlath, G. K., Hardeman, E. C., Chiu, C-P., Silberstein, L., Webster, S. G., Miller, S. C. & Webster, C. (1985) Plasticity of the differential state. Science 230: 758–66. {aDW}Google Scholar
Bolles, R. C. (1988) Why you should avoid statistics. Biological Psychiatry 23: 79–85. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boneau, C. A. (1960) The effect of violations of assumptions underlying the T test. Psychological Bulletin 57: 49–64. {DAC}CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bookstein, F. L. (1987) Describing a craniofacial anomaly: Finite elements and the biometrics of landmark locations. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 74: 495–509. {rDW}Google Scholar
Bouchard, T. J., & McGue, M. (1981) Familial studies of intelligence: A review. Science 212: 1055–58. Tabulation sheets and lists of “Papers included” and “Papers excluded” (unpublished). {RMD}Google Scholar
Bovet, D., Bovet-Nitti, F. & Oliverio, A. (1969) Genetic aspects of memory and learning in mice. Science 163: 139–49. {H-PL}Google Scholar
Bowers, K. E. (1973) Situationism in psychology: A critique. Psychological Review 80: 307–36. {aDW}Google Scholar
Box, G. E. P. (1953) Non-normality and tests on variance. Biometrika 40: 318–35. {{DAC}Google Scholar
(1954) Some theorems on quadratic forms applied in the study of analysis of variance problems. I. Effect of inequality of variance in the one-way classification. Annals of Mathematical Statistics 25: 290–302. {DAC}Google Scholar
Box, G. E. P., & Cox, D. R. (1964) An analysis of transformations. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B 26: 211–43. {aDW}Google Scholar
Box, G. E. P., Hunter, W. G. & Hunter, J. S. (1978) Statistics for Experimenters. John Wiley. {CG}Google Scholar
Broadhurst, P. L., Fulker, D. W. & Wilcock, J. (1974) Behavioral genetics. Annual Review of Psychology 25: 389–415. {JH}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brockington, I. F., Kendell, R. E. & Leff, J. P. (1978) Definitions of schizophrenia: Concordance and prediction of outcome. Psychological Medicine 8: 387–98. {PM}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brush, F. R., Baron, S., Froehlich, J. C, Ison, J. R., Pellegrino, L. J., Phillips Sakellaris, P. C. & Williams, V. N. (1985) Genetic differences in avoidance learning by Rattus norvegicus: Escape/avoidance responding, sensitivity to electric shock, discrimination learning, and open-field behavior. Journal of Comparative Psychology 99: 60–73. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bullock, D. (1987) Socializing the theory of intellectual development. In: Meaning and the growth of understanding, ed. Chapman, M. & Dixon, R. A.. Springer-Verlag. {DB}Google Scholar
Bulman-Fleming, B. & Wahlsten, D. (1988) Effects of a hybrid maternal environment on brain growth and corpus collosum defects of inbred BALB/c mice: A study using ovarian grafting. Experimental Neurology 99: 636–46. {rDW}Google Scholar
Byerley, W., Mellon, C, O’Connell, P., Laloul, J.-M., Nakamura, Y., Leppert, M. & White, R. (1989) Mapping genes for manic-depression and schizophrenia with DNA markers. TINS 12: 46–48. {H-PL}Google Scholar
Capron, C. & Duyme, M. (1989). Assessment of effects of socio-economic status on IQ in a full cross-fostering study. Nature 340: 552–54. {rDW}Google Scholar
Carlier, M. & Nosten, M. (1987) Interaction between genotype and pre- or postnatal maternal environments: Examples from behaviors observed in inbred strains of mice. In: Functional teratogenesis functional effects on the offspring after parental drug exposure, ed. Fujii, T. & Adams, P. M.. Teikyo University Press. {aDW, MC}Google Scholar
Carlier, ML, Nosten-Bertrand, M. & Michard-Vahnee, C. (in press) The separation of genetic from maternal effects. In: Techniques for the genetic analysis of brain and behavior: Focus on the mouse, ed. D. Goldowitz, D. Wahlsten & R. Wimer. Elsevier. {MC}Google Scholar
Carlier, M. & Roubertoux, P. L. (1986) Le developpement des comportements: Effet des interactions entre le genotype et l’environment maternel. Confrontations Psychiatriques 27: 63–88. {MC}Google Scholar
Carlier, M., Roubertoux, P. L. & Cohen-Salmon, C. (1983) Early development in mice I. Genotype and postnatal maternal effects. Physiology and Behavior 30: 837–44. {MC}Google Scholar
Carroll, R. J., & Ruppert, D. (1988) Transformation and weighting in regression. Chapman & Hall. {CG}Google Scholar
Carroll, S. B., Winslow, G. M., Schupbach, T. & Scott, M. P.I Maternal control of Drosophila segmentation gene expression. Nature 323: 278–80. {aDW}Google Scholar
Carter, C. O. (1977) Letter. Nature 266: 279. {RMD}Google Scholar
Castro, C. A., & Rudy, J. W. (1989) Early-life malnutrition impairs the performance of both young and adult rats on visual discrimination learning tasks. Developmental Psychobiology 22: 15–28. {DAC}Google Scholar
Cavalli-Sforza, L. L. (1974) The role of plasticity in biological and cultural evolution. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 231: 43–59. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cavalli-Sforza, L. L., & Feldman, M. W. (1973) Cultural versus biological inheritance: Phenotypic transmission from parents to children (A theory of the effect of parental phenotypes on children’s phenotypes). American Journal of Human Genetics 25: 618–37. {aDW}Google Scholar
Chauvin, R. (1977) Ethology: The biological study of animal behavior, translation. International Universities Press. {DAC}Google Scholar
Cheverad, J. (1984) Quantitative genetics and developmental constraints on evolution by selection. Journal of Theoretical Biology 110: 155–72. {JMC}Google Scholar
Cheverud, J. (1988). The evolution of genetic correlation and developmental constraints. In: Population genetics and evolution, ed. Jong, G. de. Springer-Verlag. {JMC}Google Scholar
Cohen, J. (1962) The statistical power of abnormal-social psychological research: A review. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 65: 145–53. {SEM}Google Scholar
(1977) Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences, revised edition. Academic Press. {aDW, SEM}Google Scholar
(1978) Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences, 2d ed. Erlbaum. {rDW}Google Scholar
Cohen, J. & Cohen, P. (1975) Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences. Wiley. {RMD}Google Scholar
(1983) Applied multiple regression: Correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences, 2d. ed. Erlbaum. {RP}Google Scholar
Cole, W. A., & Trasler, D. G. (1980) Gene-teratogen interaction in insulin-induced mouse exencephaly. Teratology 22: 125–39. {aDW}Google Scholar
Coleman, D. L. (1981) Inherited obesity-diabetes syndromes in the mouse. In: Mammalian Genetics and Cancer, ed. Russell, E. S. & Schull, E.. Alan R. Liss. {rDW}Google Scholar
Collins, R L. (1979) Selective breeding for the degree of functional lateralization in mice. Behavior Genetics 9: 443–44. {H-PL}Google Scholar
Cooper, R. M., & Zubek, J. P. (1958) Effects of enriched and restricte d early environments on the learning ability of brigh t and dull rats. Canadian Journal of Psychology 12: 159–64. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crabbe, J. C, Deutsch, C. M., Tarn, B. R. & Young, E. R. (1988) Environmental variables differentially affect ethanol-stimulated activity in selectively bred mouse lines. Psychopharmacology 95: 103–08. {rDW}Google Scholar
Crabbe, J. C, Rigter, H. & Kerbusch, S. (1982) Analysis of behavioural responses to an ACTH analog in CXB/By recombinant inbred mice. Behavioural Brain Research 4: 289–314. {rDW}Google Scholar
Cronbach, L. J., & Snow, R. E. (1975) Aptitudes and instructional methods: A handbook for research on interactions. Irvington. {DKD}Google Scholar
(1977) Aptitudes and instructional methods: A handbook for research on interactions. Irvington. {SEM}Google Scholar
Crouse, J. & Trusheim, D. (1988) The case against the SAT. University of Chicago Press. {PHS}Google Scholar
Crusio, W. E. (in press) Quantitative genetics. In: Techniques for the genetic analysis of brain and behavior: Focus on the mouse, ed. D. Goldowitz, D. Wahlsten & R. E. Wimer. Elsevier. {aDW, WEC}Google Scholar
Crusio, W. E., Schwegler, H. & van Abeelen, J. H. F. (1989) Behavioural responses to novelty and structural variation of the hippocampus in mice. II. Multivariate genetic analysis. Behavioural Brain Research 32: 81–88. {WEC}Google Scholar
Darlington, R. B. (1968) Multiple regression in psychological research and practice. Psychological Bulletin 69: 161–82. {RMD}Google Scholar
Davidson, E. H. (1987) Understanding embryonic development: A contemporary view. American Zoologist 27: 581–91. {aDW}Google Scholar
Davison, M. L., & Sharma, A. R. (1988) Parametric statistics and levels of measurement. Psychological Bulletin 104: 137–44. {aDW}Google Scholar
Debray, Q., Caillard, V. & Stewart, J. (1979) Schizophrenia: A study of genetic models. Human Heredity 29: 27–36. {aDW}Google Scholar
DeFries, J. C. (1979) Comment. Theoretical advances in behavior genetics, ed. Royce, J. R. & Mos, L. P.. Sijthoff & Noordhoff. {RP}Google Scholar
DeFries, J. C., & Plomin, R. (1978) Behavioral genetics. Annual Review of Psychology 29: 473–515. {JH}Google Scholar
DeFries, J. C, Wilson, J. R. & McCleam, G. E. (1970) Open-field behavior in mice: Selection response and situational generality. Behavior Genetics 1(3):195–211. {H-PL}Google Scholar
Denenberg, V. H. (1977) Interactional effects in early experience research. In: Genetics, environment and intelligence, ed. Oliverio, A.. Elsevier/North Holland Biomedica! Press. {aDW}Google Scholar
Detterman, D. K. (1989) The future of intelligence research. Intelligence 13(3) 199–204. {DKD}Google Scholar
Dodson, S. (1989) Predator-induced reaction norms. BioScience 39: 447–52. {AJVN}Google Scholar
Donaldson, T. S. (1968) Robustness of the F-test to errors of both kinds and the correlation between the numerator and denominator of the F-ratio. Journal of the American Statistical Association 63: 660–76. {DAC}Google Scholar
Donovick, P. J., & Burright, R. G. (1984) Roots to the future: Gene-environment coaction and individual vulnerability to neural insult. In: Early brain damage, vol. 2, Neurobiology and behavior, ed. Finger, S. & Almli, C. R.. Academic Press. {rDW}Google Scholar
Dunn, O. J., & Clark, V. A. (1974) Applied Statistics: Analysis of variance and regression. Wiley. {aDW}Google Scholar
Easter, S. S. Jr., Purves, D., Rakic, P. & Spitzer, N. C. (1985) The changing view of neural specificity. Science 230: 507–11. {aDW}Google Scholar
Eaves, L. J., Last, K., Martin, N. G. & Jinks, J. L. (1977) A progressive approach to noe-additivity and genotype-environmental covariance in the analysis of human differences. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology 30: 1–42. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edwards, A. L. (1979) Multiple regression and the analysis of variance. Freeman. {aDW}Google Scholar
(1985) Experimental design in psychological research. Harper & Row. {DAC}Google Scholar
Emerson, J. D., & Hoaglin, D. C. (1983) Analysis of two-way tables by medians, In: Understanding robust and exploratory data analysis. Wiley. {CG}Google Scholar
Emerson, J. D., & Stoto, M. A. (1983) Transforming data, In: Understanding robust and exploratory data analysis. Wiley. {CG}Google Scholar
Erlenmeyer-Kimling, L. (1972) Genotype-environment interaction s and the variability of behavior. In: Genetics, environment, and behavior, ed. Ehrman, L., Omenn, G. S. & Caspari, E.. Academic Press. {arDW}Google Scholar
Eysenck, H. J. (1973) The measurement of intelligence. Williams and Willdns. {PHS}Google Scholar
Ewens, W. J. (1979) Mathematical population genetics. Springer. {RMD}Google Scholar
Ezekiel, M. & Fox, K. A. (1959) Methods of correlation and regression analysis, 3d ed. Wiley. {GMH}Google Scholar
Falconer, D. (1981) Introduction to quantitative genetics. Longman Press. {JMC, CJG, rDW}Google Scholar
Fancher, R. E. (1985) The intelligence men: Makers of the IQ controversy. Norton. {aDW}Google Scholar
Farber, S. L. (1981) Identical twins reared apart. Basic Books. {RMD}Google Scholar
Farmer, A. E., McGuffin, P. & Gottesman, I. I. (1987) Scrutinising the validity of the definition. Archives of General Psychiatry 44: 634–41. {PM}CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feingold, A. (1988) Cognitive gender differences are disappearing. American Psychologist 43: 95–103. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finlay, B. M., Wikler, K. C. & Sengelaub, D. R. (1987) Regressive events in brain development and scenarios for vertebrate brain evolution. Brain, Behavior and Evolution 30: 102–17. {H-PL}Google Scholar
Fisher, R. (1918) The correlation between relatives on the supposition of Mendelian inheritance. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 52: 399–433. {JMC}Google Scholar
Fisher, R. A. (1930) The genetical theory of natural selection. Clarendon Press. {JFC}Google Scholar
(1951) Limit s to intensive production in animals. British Agricultural Bulletin 4: 217–18. {JH}Google Scholar
(1958) The genetical theory of natural selection, 2d ed.Dover. {CJG}Google Scholar
Fisher, R. A., & Mackenzie, W. A. (1923) Studies in crop variation. II. The manurial responses of different potato varieties. Journal of Agricultural Science 13: 311–20. {aDW, RMD, OK}Google Scholar
Flechsig, P. (1920) Anatomie des menschlichen Gehirns und Ruckenmarks auf myelogenetischer Grundage. Bd. 1, I Teil. Georg Thiem. {H-PL}Google Scholar
Flynn, J. R. (1987) Massive IQ gains in 14 nations: What IQ tests really measure. Psychological Bulletin 101: 343–62. {PHS}Google Scholar
Fox, J. (1984) Linear statistical models and related methods, with applications to social research. Wiley. {CG}Google Scholar
Freeman, G. H. (1973) Statistical methods for the analysis of genotype-environment interactions. Heredity 31: 339–54. {aDW, RMD}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
French, J. W. (1951) The description of aptitud e and achievement tests in terms of rotated factors. Psychometric monographs, No. 5. University of Chicago Press. {PHS}Google Scholar
Frigeri, L. G., Wolff, G. L. & Teguh, C. (1988) Differential responses of yellow Avy/A and agouti Ala (BALB/c X VY) ¥1 hybrid mice to the same diets: Glucose tolerance, weight gain, and adipocyte cellularity. International Journal of Obesity 12: 305–20. {rDW}Google Scholar
Fulker, D. W. (1970) Maternal buffering of rodent genotype responses to stress: A complex genotype-environment interaction. Behavior Genetics 1: 119–124. {GMH}Google Scholar
Fuller, J. L. (1960) Behavior genetics. Annual Review of Psychology 11: 41–70. {JH}Google Scholar
(1979) Comment. In: Theoretical advances in behavior genetics, ed. Royce, J. R. & Mos, L. P.. Sijthoff & Noordhoff. {NDH}Google Scholar
Fuller, J. L., & Thompson, W. R. (1978) Foundations of behavior genetics. Mosby. {aDW}Google Scholar
Futuyma, D. J. (1986) Evolutionary biology. Sinauer Associates, Inc. {DAC}Google Scholar
Gaito, J. (1980) Measuremen t scales and statistics: Resurgence of an old misconception. Psychological Bulletin 87: 564–67. {aDW}Google Scholar
Gardinier, M. V., & Macklin, W. B. (1988) Myelin proteolipid protein gene expression in jimpy and jimpy msd mice. Journal of Neurochemistry 51: 360–69. {rDW}Google Scholar
Garner, D. M., & Garfinkel, P. E. (1979). The eating attitude test: An index of the symptoms of anorexia nervosa. Psychological Medicine 9: 273–80. {PM}Google Scholar
Gerhart, J. C. (1982) The cellular basis of morphogenetic change. Group report. In: Evolution and development, ed. Bonner, J. T.. Springer-Verlag. {aDW}Google Scholar
Geweke, J. F., & Singleton, K. J. (1980) Interpreting the likelihood ratio test in factor models when sample size is small. Journal of the American Statistical Association 75: 133–37. {PHS}Google Scholar
Ginsburg, B. E. (1967) Genetic parameters in behavioral research. In: Behavior-genetic analysis, ed. Hirsch, J.. McGraw-Hill. {rDW}Google Scholar
Ginsburg, B. & Allee, W. C. (1942) Some effects of conditioning on social dominance and subordination in inbred strains of mice. Physiological Zoology 15: 485–506. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glashow, S. (1988) Tangled in superstring: Some thoughts on the predicamen t physics is in. The Sciences May/June:22–25. {HN}CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gleick, J. (1987) Chaos. Viking Press. {rDW}Google Scholar
Goldberger, A. S. (1973) Structural equation models: An overview. In: Structural equation models in the social sciences, ed. Goldberger, A. S. & Duncan, O. D.. Seminar Press. {GMH}Google Scholar
(1978) The nonresolution of IQ inheritance by path analysis. American Journal of Human Genetics 39: 442–45. {rDW}Google Scholar
Gollin, E. S. (1965) A developmental approach to learning and cognition. In: Advances in child development and behavior, vol. 2, ed. Lipsitt, L. P. & Spiker, C. C.. Academic Press. {DAC}Google Scholar
(1985) Ontogeny, phylogeny, and causality. In: The comparative development of adaptive skills: Evolutionary implications, ed. Gollin, E. S.. Erlbaum. {DAC}Google Scholar
Goodall, G. & Guastavino, J.-M. (1986) The neurological mutant: Scope and limitations as a tool for the genetic analysis of behaviour. In: Genetic approaches to behaviour, ed. Medioni, J. & Vaysse, G.. I.E.G. {aDW}Google Scholar
Goodlett, C. R., Gilliam, D. M. & West, J. R. (1987) Differential susceptibility of long-sleep (LS) and short-sleep (SS) mice to brain weight reduction following prenatal alcohol exposure. Poster presented at the Behavior Genetics Association annual meeting. Minneapolis, June 25. {rDW}Google Scholar
Gottesman, I. I., & Shields, J. (1982) Schizophrenia: The epigenetic puzzle. Cambridge University Press. {PM}Google Scholar
Gould, S. J. (1981) The mismeasure of man. Norton. {CG}Google Scholar
Graf, S. A. (1987) The rover/sitter Drosophila foraging polymorphism as a function of larval development and food availability. Paper presented at the Behavior Genetics Association annual meeting, Minneapolis, June 25. {rDW}Google Scholar
Grebogi, C., Ott, E. & Yorke, J. A. (1987) Chaos, strange attractors, and fractal basin boundaries in nonlinear dynamics. Science 238: 632–38. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Greene, E. (1989) A diet-induced developmental polymorphism in a caterpillar. Science 243: 643–46. {rDW}Google Scholar
Gregorious, H.-R., & Namkoong, G. (1987) Resolving the dilemmas of interaction, separability, and additivity. Mathematical Biosciences 85: 51–69. {rDW}Google Scholar
Grosser, M. (1979) The discovery of Neptune. Dover. {rDW}Google Scholar
Gupta, A. P., & Lewontin, R. C. (1982) A study of reaction norms in natural populations of Drosophila pseudo obscure. Evolution 36: 934–38. {DAC}CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guastavino, J.-M. (1988) Ethogenèse de la souris mutante staggerer, facteurs epigenetiques et recuperations fonctionelles. Thèse de doctoral d’État des Sciences, presenteé a L’Université Paris-Nord. {rDW}Google Scholar
Guttman, L. (1986) The irrelevance of factor analysis for the study of group differences. Submitted to Behavioral and Brain Sciences. {PHS}Google Scholar
Gutzke, W. H. N., & Crews, D. (1988) Embryonic temperatur e determines adult sexuality in a reptile. Nature 332: 832–34. {rDW}Google Scholar
Haavelmo, T. (1943) The statistical implications of a system of simultaneous equations. Econometrica 11: 1–12. {GMH}CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(1944) The probability approach in econometrics. Econometrica 12, supplement. {GMH}Google Scholar
Haldane, J. B. S. (1946) The interaction of nature and nurture. Annals of Eugenics 13: 197–205. {JH}Google Scholar
Hamad, S. (1989) Publication bias: What is its magnitude and nature? Talk delivered at the First International Congress on Peer Review in Biomedical Publication. Chicago, May 10/12, 1989. {PHS}Google Scholar
Harrington, G. M. (1988) Two forms of minority-group test bias as psychometric artifacts with an animal model (Rattus norvegicus). Journal of Comparative Psychology 102: 400–7. {JH}Google Scholar
Hays, W. L. (1988) Statistics. 4th ed. Holt, Rinehart & Winston. {aDW}Google Scholar
Heath, A. C, Berg, K., Eaves, L. J.., Solaas, M. H., Corey, L. A., Sundet, J., Magnus, P. & Nance, W. E. (1985) Educational policy and the heritability of educational attainment. Nature 314: 734–36. {aDW}Google Scholar
Hegmann, J. P., & Possidente, B. (1981) Estimating geneti c correlations from inbred strains. Behavior Genetics 11: 103–114. {aDW}Google Scholar
Heikkila, J. J., Browder, L. W., Gedamu, L., Nickeils, R. W. & Schultz, G. A. (1986) Heat-shock gene expression in animal embryonic systems. Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 28: 1093–1105. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Henderson, N. D. (1967) Prior treatment effects on open field behaviour of mice: A genetic analysis. Animal Behaviour 15: 364–76. {RP}Google Scholar
(1968) The confounding effects of genetic variables in early experience research: Can we ignore them? Developmental Psychohiology 1: 146–52. {NDH}Google Scholar
(1970) Genetic influences on the behavior of mice can be obscured by laboratory rearing. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 73: 505–11. {RP}Google Scholar
(1972) Relative effects of early rearing environment on discrimination learning in house mice. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 79: 243–53. {RP}Google Scholar
(1979a) Adaptive significance of animal behavior: The role of gene-environment interaction. In: Theoretical advances in behavior genetics, ed. Royce, J. R. & Mos, L. P.. Sijthoff & Noordhoff. {aDW}Google Scholar
(1979b) Reply to comments. In: Theoretical advances in behavior genetics, ed. Royce, J. R. & Mos, L. P.. Sijthoff & Noordhoff. {NDH}Google Scholar
(1982) Human behavior genetics. Annual Review of Psychology 33: 403–40. {arDW, JH, PM}Google Scholar
(1986) Predicting relationships between psychological constructs and genetic characters: An analysis of changing genetic influences on activity in mice. Behavior Genetics 16: 201–20. {NDH, RP}CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henry, K. R. (1986) Audiogenic seizures in relation to genetically and experimentally produced cochlear pathology. In: Perspectives in behavior genetics, ed. Fuller, J. L. & Simmel, E. C.. Erlbaum. {aDW}Google Scholar
Heth, C. D., Pierce, W. D., Belke, T. W. & Hensch, S. A. (1989) The effect of logarithmic transformation on estimating the parameters of the generalized matching law. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 52: 65–76. {aDW}Google Scholar
Hewitt, J. K., Eaves, L. J., Neale, M. C. & Meyer, J. M. (1988) Resolving causes of developmental continuity of “tracking.” I. Longitudinal twin studies during growth. Behavior Genetics 18: 133–51. {NDH}Google Scholar
Hill, W. G. (1970) Design of experiments to estimate heritability by regression of offspring on selected parents. Biometrics 26: 565–71. {rDW}Google Scholar
Hirsch, J. (1981) To “unfrock the charlatans.” Sage Race Relations Abstracts 6(2):1–65. {JH, PSH, rDW}Google Scholar
(1970) Behavior-genetic analysis and its biosocial consequences. Seminars in Psychiatry 2: 89–105. {JH}Google Scholar
Ho, M.-W., & Fox, S. W., eds. (1988) Evolutionary processes and metaphors. Wiley. {rDW}Google Scholar
Hoaglin, D. C, Hosteller, F. & Tukey, J. W. ed. (1983) Understanding robust and exploratory data analysis. Wiley. {CG}Google Scholar
(1985) Exploring data tables, trends, and shapes. Wiley. {CG}Google Scholar
Hogben, L. (1939) Nature and nurture. W. W. Norton & Co., Inc. (Originally published 1933.) {JH}Google Scholar
(1951) The formal logic of the nature-nurture issue, Ada Genetica et Statistica Medica 2: 101–40. {JH}Google Scholar
Holland, A. J., Sicotte, N. & Treasure, J. (1988) Anorexia nervosa: Evidence for a genetic basis. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 32: 561–71. {PM}Google Scholar
Horn, J. M., Loehlin, J. C. & Willerman, L. (1979) Intellectual resemblance among adoptive and biological relatives: The Texas adoption project. Behavior Genetics 9: 177–207. {RMD}Google Scholar
Hull, C. L. (1945) The place of innate individual and species differences in a natural-science theory of behavior. Psychological Review 52: 55–60. {aDW}Google Scholar
Huxley, J. (1932) Problems of Relative Growth. Dover Press. {JMC}Google Scholar
Hyde, J. S. (1973) Genetic homeostasis and behavior: Analysis, data, and theory. Behavior Genetics 3: 233–45. {rDW}Google Scholar
(1981) How large are cognitive gender differences? American Psychologist 36: 892–901. {rDW}Google Scholar
Ingham, P. W. (1988) The molecular genetics of embryonic pattern formation in Drosophila. Nature 335: 25–34. {rDW}Google Scholar
Jacquard, A. (1983) Heritability: One word, three concepts. Biometrics 39: 465–77. {RMD}Google Scholar
Jencks, C. N., Smith, M., Acland, H., Bane, M. J., Cohen, D., Gintis, H., Heyns, B. & Michelson, S. (1972) Inequality. Harper & Row. {RMD}Google Scholar
Jensen, A. R. (1980) Precis of bias and mental testing, with commentary. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3: 325–71. {CG}Google Scholar
Jinks, J. L., & Broadhurst, P. L. (1974) How to analyse the inheritance of behaviour in animals: The biometrical approach. In: The genetics of behavior, ed. van Abeelen, J. H. F.. North-Holland. {aDW}Google Scholar
Jinks, J. L., & Fulker, D. W. (1970) A comparison of th e biometrical genetical, MAVA, and classical approaches to the analysis of human behavior. Psychological Bulletin 73: 311–49. {aDW, NDH, JH, PHS}Google Scholar
Judd, C. M., & McClelland, G. H. (1989) Data analysis: A model-comparison approach. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. {SEM}Google Scholar
Kamin, L. J. (1974) The science and politics of IQ. Erlbaum. {RMD, PHS}Google Scholar
Katz, M. J. (1982) Ontogenetic mechanisms: The middle ground of evolution. In: Evolution and development, ed. Bonner, T. J.. Springer. {H-PL}Google Scholar
Katz, M. J., & Lasek, R. J. (1978) Evolution of the nervous system: Role of ontogenetic mechanisms in the evolution of matching populations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 75: 1349–52. {H-PL}Google Scholar
Keightley, P. D. (1989) Models of quantitative variation of flux in metabolic pathways. Genetics 121: 869–976. {JFC}Google Scholar
Kempthome, O. (1952) The design and analysis of experiments. Wiley. {aDW, OK}Google Scholar
(1957) An introduction to genetic statistics. Wiley. Reprinted 1969. Iowa State University Press. {OK}Google Scholar
(1978) Logical, epistemological and statistical aspects of nature-nurture data interpretation. Biometrics 34: 1–23. {OK}Google Scholar
Kendell, R. E. (1982) The choice of diagnostic criteria for biological research. Archives of General Psychiatry 39: 1334–39. {PM}Google Scholar
Kendler, K. S., & Eaves, L. J. (1986) Models for the joint effect of genotype and environment on liability to psychiatric illness. American Journal of Psychiatry 143: 279–89. {aDW}Google Scholar
Kennedy, J. L., Giuffra, L. A., Moises, H. W., Cavalli-Sforza, L. L., Pakstis, A. J., Kidd, J. R., Castiglione, C. M., Sjogren, B., Wetterberg, L. & Kidd, K. K. (1988) Evidence against linkage of schizophrenia to markers on chromosome 5 in a northern Swedish pedigree. Nature 336: 167–70. {H-PL}Google Scholar
Kenny, D. A. (1987) Statistics for the social and behavioral sciences. Little, Brown. {SEM}Google Scholar
Kerner, A.-L., & Carson, J. H. (1986) Shiverer*jimpy double mutant mice. I. Biochemical evidence for reciprocal intergenic suppression. Brain Research 374: 45–53. {rDW}Google Scholar
Kevles, D. J. (1985) In the name of eugenics. Knopf. {aDW}Google Scholar
Killian, A. M. (1989) Playing dice with the solar system. Sky and Telescope 78 (Aug.): 136–40. {rDW}Google Scholar
Kinsley, C. & Svare, B. (1987) Genotype modulates prenatal stress effects on aggression in male and female mice. Behavioral and Neural Biology 47: 138–150. {aDW}Google Scholar
Klein, D. C., & Yuwiler, A. (1973) P-adrenergic regulation of indole metabolism in the pineal gland. In: Frontiers in catecholamine research, ed. Usdin, E. & Snyder, S. H.. Pergamon Press. {aDW}Google Scholar
Koele, P. (1982) Calculating power in analysis of variance. Psychological Bulletin 92: 513–16. {rDW}Google Scholar
Kraemer, H. C., & Thiemann, S. (1987) How many subjects? Statistical power analysis in research. Sage. {aDW}Google Scholar
Kurnit, D. M., Layton, W. M. & Matthysse, S. (1987) Genetics, chance, and morphogenesis. American Journal of Human Genetics 41: 979–95. {rDW}Google Scholar
Kvålseth, T. O. (1985) Cautionary note about R2. American Statistician 39: 279–85. {aDW}Google Scholar
Lachenbruch, P. A. (1988) A note on sample size computation s for testing interactions. Statistics in Medicine 7: 467–69. {aDW}Google Scholar
Lamoreux, M. L., & Pendergast, P. (1987) Genetic controls over melanocyte differentiation: Interaction of agouti-locus and albino-locus genetic defects. The Journal of Experimental Zoology 243: 71–79. {rDW}Google Scholar
Lande, R. (1976) Natural selection and random genetic drift in phenotypic evolution. Evolution 30: 314–34. {JMC}Google Scholar
(1979) Quantitative genetic analysis of multivariate evolution, applied to brain: Body size allometry. Evolution 33: 402–17. {JMC}Google Scholar
Lassalle, J. M. (1986) Les interactions entre génotype et environment. Psychologic Françhise 31: 205–211. {aDW}Google Scholar
Lathrope, G. M., Lalouel, J. M. & Jacquard, A. (1984) Path analysis of family resemblance and gene-environment interaction. Biometrics 40: 611–625. {aDW}Google Scholar
Layzer, D. (1974) Heritability analyses of IQ scores: Science or numerology? Science 183: 1259–66. {RMD}Google Scholar
Leahy, A. M. (1935) Nature-nurture and intelligence. Genetic Psychology Monographs 17(4):236–307. {RMD}Google Scholar
Lemke, G. (1988) Unwrapping the genes for myelin. Neuron 1: 535–43. {rDW}Google Scholar
Le Roy, H. L. (1960a) Statistische methoden der populationsgenetik. Birkhauser. {RMD}Google Scholar
(1960b) The interpretation of calculated heritability coefficients with regard to gene and environmental effects as well as to genotype-environment interactions. In: Biometrical genetics, ed. Kempthorne, O.. Pergamon. {RMD}Google Scholar
Levin, J. R. (1975) Determining sample size for planned and post hoc analysis of variance comparisons. Journal of Educational Measurement 12: 99–108. {SEM}Google Scholar
Levins, R. & Lewontin, R. (1985) The dialectical biologist. Harvard University Press. {aDW}Google Scholar
Lewontin, R. (1974) The analysis of variance and the analysis of causes. American Journal of Human Genetics 26: 400–411. {aDW, DAC}Google Scholar
(1982) Organism and environment. In: Learning, development, and culture, ed. Plotkin, H. C.. Wiley. {rDW}Google Scholar
Lichtenstein, G. (1977) Fund backs controversial study of ’racial betterment’. The New York Times, December 11, p. 1. {rDW}Google Scholar
Lindzey, G., Loehlin, J., Manosevitz, M. & Thiessen, D. (1971) Behavioral genetics. Annual Review of Psychology 22: 39–94. {JH}Google Scholar
Lipp, H.-P. (1979) Brain complexity enhances speed of behavioral evolution. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 2: 42. {H-PL}Google Scholar
(1989) Non-mental aspects of encephalisation: Th e forebrain as a playground of mammalian evolution. Human Evolution. {H-PL}Google Scholar
Lipp, H.-P., & Schwegler, H. (1982) Hippocampal mossy fibers and avoidance learning. In: Genetics of the Brain, ed. Lieblich, I.. Elsevier. {H-PL}Google Scholar
Lipp, H.-P., Schwegler, H., Crusio, W. E., Wolfer, D. P., Heimrich, B., Driscoll, P. & Leisinger-Trigona, M.-C. (1989) Using genetically defined rodent strains for the identification of hippocampal traits relevant for two-way avoidance learning: A noninvasive approach. Experientia 45: 845–59. {H-PL}Google Scholar
Lipp, H.-P, Schwegler, H., Heimrich, B. & Driscoli, P. (1988) Infrapyramidal mossy fibers and two-way avoidance learning: Developmental modification of hippocampai circuitry and adult behavior of rats and mice. The Journal of Neuroscience 8: 1905–21. {H-PL}Google Scholar
Loehlin, J. C, Willerman, L. & Horn, J. M. (1988) Human behavior genetics. Annual Review of Psychology 39: 101–33. {JH-rDW}Google Scholar
Loevinger, J. (1943) On the proportional contributions of differences in nature and in nurture in differences in intelligence. Psychological Bulletin 40(10):725–56. {JH}Google Scholar
Lubin, A. (1961) The interpretation of significant interaction. Educational and Psychological Measurement 21: 807–817. {aDW}Google Scholar
Lyon, M., Barr, C. E., Cannon, T. D., Mednick, S. A. & Shore, D. (1989) Fetal neural development and schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin 15: 149–60. {H-PL}Google Scholar
Mackintosh, N. J. (1974) The psychology of animal learning. Academic Press. {aDW}Google Scholar
Maddox, J. (1984) Genetics and hereditable IQ. Nature 309: 579. {JH}Google Scholar
Magnusson, D. & Allen, V. L. (1983) An interactional perspective for human development. In: Human development: An international perspective, ed. Magnusson, D. & Allen, V. L.. Academic Press. {aDW}Google Scholar
Mandel, J. (1961) Non-additivity in two-way analysis of variance. American Statistical Association Journal 56: 878–88. {aDW}Google Scholar
Marler, M. R. (1980) Likelihood ratio tests of hypotheses: Comments on Pitz’s article and some alternative procedures. Psychological Bulletin 87: 568–74. {aDW}Google Scholar
Martin, N. G.Boomsma, D. I., Neale, M. C. (1989) Foreword. Special issue: Twin methodology using LISREL. Behavior Genetics 19: 5–7. {JH}Google Scholar
Martin, N. G., Eaves, L. J., Kearsey, M. J. & Davies, P. (1978) The power of the classical twin study. Heredity 40: 97–116. {NDH}Google Scholar
Masur, J. & Benedito, M. A. C. (1974) Genetic selection of winner and loser rats in a competitive situation. Nature 249: 284. {H-PL}Google Scholar
Mather, K. & Jinks, J. L. (1982) Biometrical genetics: The study of continuous variation. Chapman & Hall. {aDW}Google Scholar
Maxwell, S. E., & Delaney, H. D. (1989) Designing experiments and analyzing data: A model comparison’s perspective. Wadsworth. {SEM}Google Scholar
May, R. W. (1960) Genetics and subversion. Nation, May 14, 420–2. {rDW}Google Scholar
McClearn, G. E., & Meredith, W. (1966) Behavioral genetics. Annual Review of Psychology 17: 515–20. {JH}Google Scholar
McGue, M., Gottesman, I. I. & Rao, D. C. (1983) The transmission of schizophrenia under a multifactorial threshold model. American Journal of Human Genetics 35: 1161–78. {H-PL}Google Scholar
(1985) Resolving genetic models for the transmission of schizophrenia. Genetic Epidemiology 2: 99–110. {PM}Google Scholar
McGuffin, P., Farmer, A. E., Gottesman, I. I., Murray, R. M. & Reveley, A. M. (1984) Twin concordance for operationally defined schizophrenia: Confirmation of familiality and heritability. Archives of General Psychiatry 4: 1541–45. {PM}Google Scholar
McGuffin, P., Katz, R. & Aldrich, J. (1986) Past and present state examination: The assessment of “lifetime ever” psychopathology. Psychological Medicine 16: 461–65. {PM}Google Scholar
McGuffin, P., Katz, R. & Bebbington, P. (1988) The Camberwell collaborative depression study III. Depression and adversity in the relatives of depressed probands. British Journal of Psychiatry 152: 775–82. {PM}Google Scholar
McGuire, T. R., & Hirsch, J. (1977) General intelligence (g) and heritability (H 2, h2). In: The structuring of experience, ed. Uzgiris, I. C. & Weizmann, F.. Plenum. {aDW, JH}Google Scholar
Meehl, Paul E. (1978) Theoretical risks and tabular asterisks: Sir Karl, Sir Ronald, and the slow progress of soft psychology. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 46: 806–34. {JH}Google Scholar
Moisset, B. (1977) Factors contributing to the modulation of norepinephrin e uptake by synaptosomes from mouse brain cortex. Brain Research 121: 113–20. {rDW}Google Scholar
Moran, P. A. P. (1968) An introduction to probability theory. Clarendon Press. {JFC}Google Scholar
Nanney, D. L. (1986) Eugenics and human heredity. The Journal of Heredity 77: 481–82. {rDW}Google Scholar
Nave, K.-A., Bloom, F. E. & Milner, R. J. (1987) A single nucleotide difference in the gene for myelin proteolipid protein defines the jimpy mutation in mouse. Journal of Neurochemistry 49: 1873–77. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newman, H. H., Freeman, F. N. & Holzinger, K. J. (1937) Twins: A study of heredity and environment. University of Chicago Press. {RMD, PHS}Google Scholar
Neyman, J. (1935) Comments on Mr. Yates’ paper. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Supplement 2: 235–41. {aDW, OK}Google Scholar
Nordskog, A. W. (1977) Success and failure of quantitative genetic theory in poultry. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Quantitative Genetics, ed. Pollak, E., Kempthorne, O. & Bailey, T. B. Jr. Iowa State University Press. {rDW}Google Scholar
Norton, D. W. (1952) An empirical investigation of some effects of non-normality and heterogeneity of the F-distribution. Doctoral dissertation, State University of Iowa. {DAC}Google Scholar
Nosten, M. (1989) Early development in mice VI. Additive and interactive effects of offspring genotype and maternal environments. Physiology and Behavior 45: 955–61. {MC}Google Scholar
Nosten, M. & Roubertoux, P. L. (1988) Uterine and cytoplasmi c effects on pup eyelid opening in two inbred strains of mice. Physiology and Behavior 43: 167–71. {MC}Google Scholar
Nyborg, H. (1977) The rod-and-frame test and the field dependence dimension: Some methodological, conceptual, and developmental considerations. Dansk Psykologisk Forlag. {HN}Google Scholar
(1983) Spatial ability in men and women: Review and new theory. Advances in Behavior Research and Therapy (Monograph Series) 5(whole no. 2):89–140. {HN}Google Scholar
(1984) Performance and intelligence in hormonally-different groups. In: Sex differences in the brain: The relation between structure and function, ed. De Vries, G. J., de Bruin, J. P. C., Uylings, H. B. M. & Corner, M. A.. Progress in Brain Research, vol. 61. Elsevier Biomedical Press. {HN}Google Scholar
(1987) Individual differences or different individuals? That is the question. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10: 34–35. {HN}Google Scholar
(1988) Mathematics, sex hormones, and brain function. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 11: 206–7. {HN}Google Scholar
(1989) Sex hormones, brain development, and spatio-perceptual strategies in women with Turner’s syndrome and in school girls. In: Sex chromosome abnormalities and behavior: Psychological studies, ed. Bender, B. & Berch, D.. Westview Press. {HN}Google Scholar
(submitted a) Sex, body, mind, and society: A physicological approach. {HN}Google Scholar
(submitted b) Nonlinear harmonization of body, brain, and intellectual development: A model, a theory, and a research program. {HN}Google Scholar
Nyborg, H. & Boeggild, C. (1989) Origin of individual and sex differences in body and ability. Paper presented at the fourth meeting of the International Society for the Study of Individual Differences. Federal Republic of Germany, June 22–25. {HN}Google Scholar
Oliverio, A., Eleftheriou, B. E. & Bailey, D. W. (1973) Exploratory activity: Genetic analysis of its modification by scopolamine and amphetamine. Physiology and Behavior 10: 893–99. {rDW}Google Scholar
Oyama, S. (1985) The ontogeny of information. Cambridge University Press. {aDW, DB}Google Scholar
(1988) Reply to Robert Plomin’s review of The ontogeny of information. Developmental Psychohiology 21: 97–100. {aDW}Google Scholar
Palmer, A. R., & Strobeck, C. (1986) Fluctuating asymmetry: Measurement, analysis, patterns. Annual Review of Ecology and systematics 17: 391–421. {rDW}Google Scholar
Parsons, P. A. (1988) Behavior, stress and variability. Behavior Genetics 18: 293–308. {NDH}Google Scholar
Pearson, K. A. (1930) Tables for statisticians and biometricians. Cambridge University Press. {GMH}Google Scholar
Peeler, D. F. (1986) Circadian variations in activity of neuroanatomically distinct recombinant inbred mice as a function of genetic and measurement variables. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 12: 1069. {rDW}Google Scholar
Peeler, D. F., & Nowakowski, R. S. (1987) Active avoidance performance in genetically defined mice. Behavioral and Neural Biology 48: 83–89. {rDW}Google Scholar
Perkins, J. M., & Jinks, J. L. (1973) The assessment and specificity of environmental and genotype-environmental components of variability. Heredity 30: 111–126. {aDW}Google Scholar
Peters, D. P., & Ceci, S. J. (1982) Peer review practices of psychological journals: The fate of articles, submitted again. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5: 187–255. {PHS}Google Scholar
Phillips, K., Fulker, D. W. & Rose, R. J. (1987) Path analysis of seven fear factors in adult twin and sibling pairs and their parents. Genetic Epidemiology 4: 345–55. {aDW}Google Scholar
Pike, W. L. (1978) Short-term instruction, test-wiseness, and the Scholastic Aptitude Test. College Entrance Examination Board. {PHS}Google Scholar
Platt, S. A., & Sanislow, C. A. III, (1988) The norm-of-reaction: Definition and misinterpretation of animal research. Journal of Comparative Psychology 102: 254–61. {aDW}Google Scholar
Plomin, R. (1983) Developmental behavior genetics. Child Development 54: 253–59. {RMD}Google Scholar
(1986) Development, genetics and psychology. Erlbaum. {aDW, DKD, RL}Google Scholar
(1988) Reply to Susan Oyama’s review of Development, genetics and Psychology. Development Psychobiology 21: 107–12. {aDW, RL}Google Scholar
Plomin, R. & Daniels, D. (1987) Why are children in the same family so different from one another? Behavioral Brain Sciences 10: 1–60. {WEC, rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Plomin, R. & DeFries, J. C. (1983) The Colorado adoption project. Child Development 54: 276–89. {aDW}Google Scholar
Plomin, R., DeFries, J. C. & Fulker, D. W. (1988) Nature and nurture during infancy and early childhood. Cambridge University Press. {RL}Google Scholar
Plomin, R., DeFries, J. C. & Loehlin, J. C. (1977) Genotype-environment interaction and correlation in the analysis of human behavior. Psychological Bulletin 84: 309–22. {aDW, RMD, JH, RL}Google Scholar
Plomin, R., DeFries, J. C. & McClearn, G. E. (1980) Behavioral genetics, a primer. Freeman. {aDW, WEC, RL}Google Scholar
Plomin, R., Loehlin, J. C. & DeFries, J. C. (1985) Genetic and environmental components of “environmental” influences. Developmental Psychology 21: 391–402. {aDW}Google Scholar
Poston, T. & Stewart, I. (1978) Catastrophe theory and its applications. Pitman Publishing, Ltd. {FLB}Google Scholar
Powers, L. (1950) Determining scales and the use of transformations in studies of weight per locule of tomato fruit. Biometrics 6: 145–63. {GMH}Google Scholar
(1955) Components of variance method and partitioning method of genetic analysis applied to weight per fruit of tomato hybrid and parental population. Bulletin 1131 of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. {GMH}Google Scholar
Press, W. H., Flannery, B. P., Teukolsky, S. A. & Vetterling, W. T. (1988) Numerical recipes in C. Cambridge University Press. {rDW}Google Scholar
Pritchard, D. J. (1986) Foundations of developmental genetics. Taylor & Francis. {aDW, HN}Google Scholar
Provine, W. (1971) The origins of theoretical population genetics. University of Chicago Press. {JMC}Google Scholar
Reid, J. B., & Murfet, I C. (1977) Flowering in Pisum: The effect of light quality on the genotype If e Sn Hr. Journal of Experimental Botany 28: 1357–64. {rDW}Google Scholar
Reik, W., Collide, A., Norris, M. L., Barton, S. C. & Surani, A. (1987) Genomic imprinting determine s methylation of parental alleles in transgenic mice. Nature 328: 248–51. {rDW}Google Scholar
Ricker, J. P., & Hirsch, J. (1988) Reversal of genetic homeostasis in laboratory populations of Drosophila melanogaster under long-term selection for geotaxis and estimates of gene correlates: Evolution of behavior-genetic systems. Journal of Comparative Psychology 102: 203–14. {rDW}Google Scholar
Riska, B. (1986) Some models for development, growth, and morphometric correlation. Evolution 40: 1303–11. {JMC}Google Scholar
Roberts, D. W. A., & Larson, R. I. (1985) Vernalization and photoperiodic responses of selected chromosome substitution lines derived from Rescue, Cadet, and Cypress wheats. Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 27: 586–91. {rDW}Google Scholar
Rosenthal, R. & Rosnow, R. L. (1985) Contrast analysis: Focused comparisons in the analysis of variance. Cambridge University Press. {SEM}Google Scholar
Rotton, J. & Schonemann, P. H. (1978) Power tables for the analysis of variance. Educational and Psychological Measurement 38: 213–29. {rDW}Google Scholar
Rouanet, H., Lepline, D. & Holender, D. (1978) Model acceptability and the use of Bayes-fiducial methods for validating models. In Attention and Performance VII, ed. Requin, J.. Erlbaum. {MC}Google Scholar
Rouanet, H., Lecoutre, B. (1983) Specific inference in ANOVA: From significance tests to Bayesian procedures. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology 36: 252–68. {MC}Google Scholar
Roubertoux, P. L. (1981) Valeur explicative du concept d’interaction en analyse genetique. Les Niveaux d’Explication en Psychologic. Colloque CNRS. {MC}Google Scholar
Roubertoux, P. L., Nosten-Bertrand, M. & Carlier, M. (in press) Additive and interactive effects between genotype and environment: Concepts and facts. Advances in the Study of Behavior. {MC}Google Scholar
Roux, C. Z. (1984) Treatment x unit interactions in the completely randomized and randomized block designs, In: Experimental design, statistical models, and genetic statistics, ed. Hinkelmann, K.. Marcel Dekker. {aDW}Google Scholar
Rowe, D. C. (1987) Resolving the person-situation debate. American Psychologist 42: 218–27. {aDW}Google Scholar
Rutherford, J., Katz, R. & McGuffin, P. (in preparation ) Genes, environment, and attitudes to eating. {PM}Google Scholar
Salsburg, D. S. (1985) The religion of statistics as practiced in medical journals. The American Statistician 39: 220–23. {rDW}Google Scholar
Sapienza, C, Peterson, A. C, Rossant, J. & Balling, R. (1987) Degree of methylation of transgenes is dependent on gamete of origin. Nature 328: 251–54. {rDW}Google Scholar
Satinder, K. P., & Sterling, J. W. (1983) Differential effects of pre- and/or post-natal d-amphetamine on avoidance response in genetically selected lines of rats. Neurobehavioral Toxicology and Teratology 5: 315–20. {rDW}Google Scholar
Scarr, S. & Weinberg, R. A. (1976) IQ test performance of black children adopted by white families. American Psychologist 31: 726–39. {RMD}Google Scholar
Scharloo, W. (1989) Developmental and physiological aspects of reaction norm. BioScience 39: 465–71. {AJVN}Google Scholar
Scheffe, H. (1959) The analysis of variance. Wiley. {aDW, PHS}Google Scholar
Schiff, M., Duyme, M., Dumaret, A., Stewart, J., Tomkiewicz, S. & Feingold, J. (1978) Intellectual status of working-class children adopted early into upper middle class families. Science 200: 1503–4. {RMD}Google Scholar
Schlichting, C. D. (1989) Phenotypic integration and environmental change. BioScience 39: 460–64. {AJVN}Google Scholar
Schmalhausen, I. I. (1949) Factors of evolution. Blakiston. Reprinted 1986 by University of Chicago Press. {aDW}Google Scholar
Schneider, K. (1959) Clinical psychopathology. Translated by Hamilton, M. W.. Grune and Stratton. {PM}Google Scholar
Schonemann, P. H. (1981) Power as a function of communality in factor analysis. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 17: 57–60. {PHS}Google Scholar
(1987) Letter to J. Hirsch, Novembe r 30, 1987. In J. Hirsch papers, University of Illinois Archives, No. 15/19/22. {JH}Google Scholar
(1989a) New questions about old heritability estimates. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 27:175–78. {PHS}Google Scholar
(1989b) Some new results on the Spearman hypothesis artifact. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society. {PHS}Google Scholar
Schulsinger, F., Parnas, J., Mednick, S., Teasdale, T. W. & Schulsinger, H. (1987) Heredity-environment interaction and schizophrenia. Journal of Psychiatric Research 21: 431–36. {rDW}Google Scholar
Scott, J. P. (1942) Genetic differences in the social behavior of inbred strains of mice. The Journal of Heredity 33: 11–15. {rDW}Google Scholar
Sedlmeier, P. & Gigerenzer, G. (1989) Do studies of statistical power have an effect on the power of studies? Psychological Bulletin 105: 309–16. {SEM}Google Scholar
Severe, N. C., & Zelen, M. (1960) Normal approximation to the chi-square and non-central F probability functions. Biometrika 47: 411–16. {aDW}Google Scholar
Shields, J. (1960) Monozygotic twins brought up apart and brought up together. Oxford University Press. {PHS}Google Scholar
Shockley, W. (1987) Jensen’s data on Spearman’s hypothesis: No artifact. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10: 512. {PHS}Google Scholar
Simmel, E. C., & Eleftheriou, B. E. (1977) Multivariate and behavior genetic analysis of avoidance of complex visual stimuli and activity in recombinant inbred strains of mice. Behavior Genetics 7: 239–50. {rDW}Google Scholar
Skodak, M. & Skeels, H. M. (1949) A final followup study of one hundred adopted children. Journal of Genetic Psychology 75: 85–125. {RMD}Google Scholar
Slack, W. V., & Porter, D. (1980) The Scholastic Aptitude Test: A critical appraisal. Harvard Educational Review 50: 154–75. {PHS}Google Scholar
Slatkin, M. (1987) Quantitative genetics of heterochrony. Evolution 41: 799–811. {JMC}Google Scholar
Smotherman, W. P., & Robinson, S. R. (1988) Behavior of rat fetuses following chemical or tactile stimulation. Behavioral Neuroscience 102: 24–34. {rDW}Google Scholar
Snedecor, G. W., & Cochran, W. G. (1980) Statistical methods. Iowa State University Press. {CG}Google Scholar
(1967) Statistical methods. Iowa Stat e University Press. {PHS}Google Scholar
Soper, H. V., Cicchetti, D. V., Satz, P., Light, R. & Orsini, D. L. (1988) Null hypothesis disrespect in neuropsychology: Dangers of alpha and beta errors. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 10: 255–70. {DVC}Google Scholar
Stearns, S. C. (1989) The evolutionary significance of phenotypic plasticity. BioScience 39: 436–446. {AJV N}Google Scholar
Stent, G. S. (1981) Strength and weakness of the genetic approach to the development of the nervous system. Annual Review of Neuroscience 4: 163–94. {aDW}Google Scholar
Stein, G. J. (1988) Biological science and the roots of Nazism. American Scientist 76: 50–58. {rDW}Google Scholar
Tang, P. C. (1938) The power function of the analysis of variance tests with tables and illustrations of their use. Statistical Research Memoirs 2: 126–57. {aDW}Google Scholar
Taylor, E. E., & Condra, C. (1978) Genetic and environmental interaction in Drosphila pseudoobscura. Journal of Heredity 69: 63–64. {RP}Google Scholar
Taylor, H. F. (1980) The IQ game. Rutgers University Press. {rDW}Google Scholar
Tienari, P., Sorri, A., Lahti, I., Naarala, M., Wahlberg, K.-E., Moring, J., Pohjola, J. & Wynne, L. C. (1987) Genetic and psychosocial factors in schizophrenia: The Finnish adoptive family study. Schizophrenia Bulletin 13: 477–84. {rDW}Google Scholar
Tiku, M. L. (1966) A note on approximating to the noncentral F distribution. Biometrika 53: 606–10. {aDW}Google Scholar
(1971) Power function of the F-test under non-normal situations. Journal of the American Statistical Association 66: 913–16. {DAC}Google Scholar
Townsend, J. T., & Ashby, F. G. (1984) Measurement scales and statistics: The misconception misconceived. Psychological Bulletin 96: 394–401. {aDW}Google Scholar
Traxler, R. H. (1976) A snag in the history of factorial experiments. In: On the history of statistics and probability, ed. Owen, D. B.. Marcel Dekker. {aDW, DVC}Google Scholar
Tukey, J. W. (1957) On the comparative anatomy of transformations. Annals of Mathematical Statistics 28: 602–32. {aDW}Google Scholar
Van Abeelen, J. H. F., Van der Kroon, P. H. & Bekkers, M. F. (1973) Mice selected for rearing behavior: Some physiological variables. Behavior Genetics 3(1):85–90. {H-PL}Google Scholar
Van Noordwijk, A. J. (1989) Reaction norms in genetical ecology. BioScience 39: 453–59. {AJVN}Google Scholar
Van Oortmerssen, G. A. & Bakker, T. C. (1981) Artificial selection for short and long attack latencies in wild Mus musculus domesticus. Behavior Genetics 11(2):115–26. {H-PL}Google Scholar
Vardimon, L., Fox, L. L., Degenstein, L. & Moscona, A. A. (1988) Cell contacts are required for induction by cortisol of glutamine synthetase gene transcription in the retina. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science U.S.A. 85: 5981–85. {rDW}Google Scholar
Vetta, A. (1981) Appendix. In: J. Hirsch, To “unfrock the charlatans.” Sage Race Relations Abstracts 6: 35–39. {aDW, PHS}Google Scholar
Via, S. (1984a) The quantitativ e genetics of polyphagy in an insect herbivore. I. Genotype-environment interaction in larval performance on different host plant species. Evolution 38: 881–95. {CJG}Google Scholar
(1984b) The quantitative genetics of polyphagy in an insect herbivore. II. Genetic correlations in larval performance within and among host plants. Evolution 38: 896–905. {CJG}Google Scholar
Via, S. & Lande, R. (1985) Genotype-environment interaction and the evolution of phenotypic plasticity. Evolution 39: 505–22. {aDW, JMC, CJG}Google Scholar
Wachs, T. D. (1983) The use and abuse of environment in behavior-genetic research. Child Development 54: 396–407. {rDW}Google Scholar
Wahlsten, D. (1978) Behavioral genetics and animal learning. In: Psychopharmacology of aversively motivated behavior, ed. Anisman, H. & Bignami, G.. Plenum. {rDW}Google Scholar
(1979) A critique of the concepts of heritability and heredity in behavioral genetics. In: Theoretical advances in behavior genetics, ed. Royce, J. R. & Mos, L. P.. Sijthoff & Noordhoff. {aDW, NDH}Google Scholar
(1983) Maternal effects on mouse brain weight. Developmental Brain Research 9: 216–21. {rDW}Google Scholar
(1987a) Insensitivity of analysis of variance to heredity-environmen t interaction. Paper presented at the Behavior Genetics Association annual meeting, Minneapolis, June 27. {rDW}Google Scholar
(1987b) Three sources of individual differences. Paper presented at the Canadian Psychological Association annual meeting, Vancouver, June. {rDW}Google Scholar
(1989a) Genetic and developmental defects of the mouse corpus callosum. Experientia. 45: 828–38. {rDW}Google Scholar
(1989b) Sample size and power to detect a linear contrast, with application to interaction in a 2 × 2 design. Unpublished manuscript. {rDW}Google Scholar
Wainwright, P. (1980) Relative effects of maternal and pup heredity on postnatal mouse development. Developmental Psychobiology 13: 493–98. {rDW}Google Scholar
Ward, R. (1985) Genetic polymorphisms and additive genetic models. Behavior Genetics 15: 537–48. {rDW}Google Scholar
Wilson, L. M., & Sinha, H. L. (1985) Thermal preference behavior of genetically obese (obioh) and genetically lean (+/?) mice. Physiology and Behavior 35: 545–58. {rDW}Google Scholar
Wimer, R. E., & Wimer, C. C. (1982) A biometrical-genetic analysis of granule cell number in the area dentata of house mice. Developmental Brain Research 2: 129–40. {rDW}Google Scholar
Winer, B. J. (1971) Statistical principles in experimental design, 2nd ed. McGraw-Hill. {aDW}Google Scholar
Winslow, G. M., Carroll, S. B. & Scott, M. P. (1988) Maternal-effect genes that alter the fate map of the Drosophila blastoderm embryo. Developmental Biology 129: 72–83. {rDW}Google Scholar
Wittgenstein, L. (1953) Philosophical investigations. Macmillan. {DB}Google Scholar
Wright, S. (1921) Correlation and causation. Journal of Agricultural Research 20: 557–85. {aDW}Google Scholar
(1934) The method of path coefficients. Annals of Mathematical Statistics 5: 161–215. {GMH}Google Scholar
(1978) The relation of livestock breeding to theories of evolution. Journal of Animal Science 46: 1192–1200. {rDW}Google Scholar
Yates, F. (1935) Complex experiments. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Supplement 2: 181–223. {aDW}Google Scholar
Yeakley, J. M., Janavs, J. L. & Reiness, C. G. (1987) Muscle activity pattern regulates postnatal development of acetylcholinesterase molecular forms in normal mice and mice with motor endplate disease. The Journal of Neuroscience 7: 4084–94. {rDW}Google Scholar
Zacharko, R. M., Lalonde, G. T., Kasian, M. & Anisman, H. (1987) Strain -specific effects of inescapable shock on intercranial self-stimulation from the nucleus accumbens. Brain Research 426: 164–68. {rDW}Google Scholar