Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T02:34:33.323Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Adaptive misbeliefs and false memories

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 January 2010

John Sutton
Affiliation:
Macquarie Centre for Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [email protected]://www.phil.mq.edu.au/staff/jsutton

Abstract

McKay & Dennett (M&D) suggest that some positive illusions are adaptive. But there is a bidirectional link between memory and positive illusions: Biased autobiographical memories filter incoming information, and self-enhancing information is preferentially attended and used to update memory. Extending M&D's approach, I ask if certain false memories might be adaptive, defending a broad view of the psychosocial functions of remembering.

Type
Open Peer Commentary
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Akins, K. (1996) Of sensory systems and the “aboutness” of mental states. The Journal of Philosophy 93(7):337–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alea, N. & Bluck, S. (2003) “Why are you telling me that?” A conceptual model of the social function of autobiographical memory. Memory 11(2):165–78.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Anderson, J. R. & Schooler, L. J. (2000) The adaptive nature of memory. In: The Oxford handbook of memory, ed. Tulving, E. & Craik, F. I. M., pp. 557–70. Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barnier, A. J., Sutton, J., Harris, C. B. & Wilson, R. A. (2008) A conceptual and empirical framework for the social distribution of cognition: the case of memory. Cognitive Systems Research 9(1):3351.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bernstein, D. M. & Loftus, E. F. (2009) How to tell if a particular memory is true or false. Perspectives on Psychological Science 4:370–74.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bjork, E. L. & Bjork, R. A. (1988) On the adaptive aspects of retrieval failure in autobiographical memory. In: Practical aspects of memory: Current research and issues, ed. Gruneberg, M., Morris, P. & Sykes, R., pp. 283–88. Wiley.Google Scholar
Boyer, P. (2008a) Evolutionary economics of mental time travel. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 12(6):219–24.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boyer, P. (2009) What are memories for? Functions of recall in cognition and culture. In: Memory in mind and culture, ed. Boyer, P. & Wertsch, J., pp. 328. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, A. (1994) Beliefs and desires incorporated. Journal of Philosophy 91:404–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Conway, M. A. (2005) Memory and the self. Journal of Memory and Language 53:594628.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Conway, M. A. & Pleydell-Pearce, C. W. (2000) The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system. Psychological Review 107(2):261–88.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dennett, D. (1991) Consciousness explained. Little, Brown.Google Scholar
Fernandes, M., Ross, M., Wiegand, M. & Schryer, E. (2008) Are the memories of older adults positively biased? Psychology and Aging 23(2):297306.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Glenberg, A. M. (1997) What memory is for. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 20(1):155.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kennedy, Q., Mather, M. & Carstensen, L. L. (2004) The role of motivation in the age-related positivity effect in autobiographical memory. Psychological Science 15(3):208–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mather, M. & Carstensen, L. L. (2005) Aging and motivated cognition: The positivity effect in attention and memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 9(10):496502.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Michaelian, K. (submitted) The epistemology of forgetting.Google Scholar
Nairne, J. S., Thompson, S. R. & Pandeirada, J. N. S. (2007) Adaptive memory: Survival processing enhances retention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 33(2):263–73.Google ScholarPubMed
Pasupathi, M. & Carstensen, L. L. (2003) Age and emotional experience during mutual reminiscing. Psychology and Aging 18(3):430–42.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ross, M. & Wilson, A. E. (2002) It feels like yesterday: Self-esteem, valence of personal past experiences, and judgments of subjective distance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 82(5):792803.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schacter, D. L. (2001) The seven sins of memory. Houghton Mifflin.Google ScholarPubMed
Sutton, J. (2009) Remembering. In: The Cambridge handbook of situated cognition, ed. Robbins, P. & Aydede, M., pp. 217–35. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Taylor, S. E. & Brown, J. D. (1988) Illusion and well-being: A social psychological perspective on mental health. Psychological Bulletin 103(2):193210.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Velleman, J. D. (2006) The self as narrator. In: Self to self: Selected essays, by Velleman, J. D., pp. 203–23. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Wilson, A. E. & Ross, M. (2001) From chump to champ: People's appraisals of their earlier and current selves. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 80(4):572–84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilson, A. E. & Ross, M. (2003) The identity function of autobiographical memory: Time is on our side. Memory 11(2):137–49.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed